Tag: nevin manimala

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):225-231. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.015.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) to NaF and the effects of Candida albicans (C. albicans) metabolites on the metabolic activity and drug resistance of S. mutans.

METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MIC based on metabolic activity (MIC-MA) of NaF against S. mutans were measured through the broth dilution test and D₂O-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy, respectively, to explore the inhibitory effect of NaF on the growth and metabolism of S. mutans. The effects of different concentrations of C. albicans supernatant on the metabolic activity of S. mutans were evaluated by using D₂O-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy. The correlation between C. albicans and S. mutans was explored throughassessing the drug resistance of S. mutans against NaF in a mixed system containing C. albicans supernatant by using D₂O-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy.

RESULTS: The MIC and MIC-MA of NaF against S. mutans were 0.4 g·L^-1 and 1.2 g·L^-1, respectively. At the MIC level, S. mutans showed completely inhibited growth but retained high metabolic activity. Therefore, S. mutans may regain its virulence. At the MIC-MA level, the metabolic activity of S. mutans was inhibited only when the NaF concentration reached 3×MIC. At the concentration of OD₆₀₀≥0.5, the C. albicans supernatant significantly promoted the metabolic activity of S. mutans at different time points (P<0.05). In the mixed system, the susceptibility of S. mutans to NaF decreased, and statistical differences at different time points were observed (P<0.05). The metabolic activity of S. mutans was inhibited completely only at the concentration of 4×MIC (1.6 g·L^-1).

CONCLUSIONS: D₂O-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy is suitable for evaluating the effects of drugs on bacterial metabolic activity. In the mixed system, the metabolites in the C. albicans supernatant at the concentration of OD₆₀₀≥0.5 significantly promoted the metabolic activity of S. mutans and reducedthe susceptibility of S. mutans to NaF.

PMID:38597057 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.015

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):204-209. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.012.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap for small-medium tongue or floor of mouth defects caused by surgical resection of early-medium stage tongue or floor of mouth cancer.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted and included patients with early-medium stage tongue or floor of mouth cancer and reconstructed by FAMM flap or traditional free or axial flaps. Demographic data and surgery-related data were collected. Patients were followed up for 6 months and evaluated with satisfaction, maximal mouth opening, satisfactory contour and speech, and oral intake function at months 3 and 6.

RESULTS: Forty-five patients were included, with 15 in the FAMM group and 30 in the flap group. All patients finished 3 months follow-up, and 1 in each group was lost to follow-up at month 6. All followed-up patients had no recurrence or metastasis. The FAMM group had a significantly shorter surgical time than the flap group (P<0.05). The flap group had significantly more donor sites that were uncomfortable compared with the FAMM group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance on satisfaction, but the FAMM group had better outcomes on contour, speech, and oral intake function at month 6 than the flap group (P<0.05). The FAMM group had smaller maximal mouth opening than the flap group (P<0.05) at month 3 but equivalent maximal mouth opening at month 6 (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: FAMM flap has some advantages for small-medium tongue or floor of mouth defects caused by surgical resection of early-medium stage tongue or floor of mouth cancer, and it could be an ideal choice for clinical application.

PMID:38597054 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.012

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):183-188. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.009.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Andrews six elements was used to explore the possible influences of gender, extraction/non-extraction, and different bracket types on the evaluation of orthodontic treatment outcome.

METHODS: Digital data from 320 selected orthodontic cases in Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital during the period of 2016-2020 were divided into groups in accordance with gender, tooth extraction, and type of orthodontic brackets (DamonQ self-ligating brackets and MBT brackets). Measurement was performed using Andrews six elements as standard. The mean and standard deviation of each individual score and total score for different groups were calculated and statistically tested.

RESULTS: The differences in total scores between female and male cases exhibited no statistical significance (P>0.05). By contrast, the scores in skeletal width change of the maxilla between extraction cases and non-extraction cases presented statistical significance (P<0.05). Moreover, the scores in the anteroposterior change in the position of the maxillary incisors, the bucco-lingual border change of the mandibular arch, and the skeletal width change of the maxilla between the DamonQ self-ligating bracket and MBT bracket cases presented statistical significance (P<0.05). The cases with DamonQ self-ligating brackets had significantly lower scores than the cases with MBT brackets in the bucco-lingual border change of the mandibular arch, the skeletal width change of the maxilla, and the anteroposterior change in position of the maxillary incisors.

CONCLUSIONS: Digital 3D models can be used in the clinical retrospective studies of patients after orthodontic treatment. These models can be measured repeatedly and have clinical application value. For cases with incomplete orthodontic treatment, the control of the anteroposterior position of the incisor and the width of the arch of the upper tooth is crucial. Total treatment efficiency between female and male cases exhibited no difference, but the skeletal width change of the maxilla between extraction and non-extraction cases may exert an effect on cases with complete orthodontic treatment. The group that used DamonQ self-ligating brackets may achieve good adjustment of the bucco-lingual border change of the arch.

PMID:38597051 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.009

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):162-168. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.006.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To construct the three-dimensional structure of the isolated teeth of patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅱ (DGI-Ⅱ) and dentin dysplasia type Ⅰ (DD-Ⅰ) by using Micro-CT and explore internal structure and hard tissue mineralization density.

METHODS: The three-dimensional structures of the third molars collected from patients with DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ and healthy individuals of the same age were reconstructed by using Micro-CT (Mimics 17.0). The internal structures of the affected teeth along the sagittal and transverse planes were observed. The grayscale values of the enamel, crown dentin, and root dentin were calculated. Then, the mineralization densities of the different parts of the teeth of the three groups were analyzed.

RESULTS: The detailed three-dimensional models of the mandibular third molars with hereditary dentin defects were successfully constructed. The models contained the models of the enamel cap, dentin core, and pulp cavity. Sagittal and transverse section scans revealed that in patients with DGI-Ⅱ, the pulp cavity was incompletely calcified and the root canal was narrow, whereas in those with DD-Ⅰ, the pulp cavity and root canal were obliterated and the root of the tooth was absent. The analysis of the grayscale values showed that compared with those in the healthy group, the grayscale values of the enamel, crown dentin, and root dentin were lower in the DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ groups (P<0.01). No significant differences in the grayscale values of the enamel and crown dentin were found between the DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ groups (P>0.05), whereas the grayscale value of the root dentin showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: The application of Micro-CT provided a simple and accurate method for the three-dimensional structure reconstruction and quantitative analysis of the mineralization density of isolated teeth with hereditary dentin defects. Although the dentin mineralization density of DGI-Ⅱ and DD-Ⅰ teeth decreased, the decrement shown by DD-Ⅰ teeth was more significant than that shown by DGI-Ⅱ teeth. The pulp cavity had abnormal calcifications, and the root canal was narrow or even occluded.

PMID:38597048 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.006

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Mar 25;40(2):148-154. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.004.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a key signal molecule of ERS, on the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)-lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic bacterium of periodontitis.

METHODS: Primary cultured rat adipocytes were stimulated by P. gingivalis-LPS (100 ng·mL^-1) for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The protein expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase (p-PDK-1), and protein kinase B (p-AKT-1) in the insulin signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis. pLVX-NC1, pLVX-XBP1, pLVX-NC2, and pLVX-XBP1-RNAi were transfected into adipocytes, respectively. The transfected rat adipocytes were stimulated by P. gingivalis-LPS, and the protein expression of the insulin signaling pathway was detected by Western blot.

RESULTS: The Western Blot showed decreased protein expression of the insulin signaling pathway in rat adipocytes stimulated with P. gingivalis-LPS compared with the control, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of IRS-1, p-PDK-1, and p-AKT in the rat adipocytes of pLVX-XBP1 were significantly higher than those in pLVX-NC1 at 8 and 12 h after P. gingivalis-LPS stimulation (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of IRS-1, p-PDK-1, and p-AKT in the rat adipocytes of pLVX-XBP1-RNAi were significantly lower than those in pLVX-NC2 at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after P. gingivalis-LPS stimulation (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: P. gingivalis-LPS regulates the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes th-rough XBP1.

PMID:38597046 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.02.004

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):708-712. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023204.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study was conducted on the effect of primary rhinoplasty on infants with unilateral complete cleft lip nasal deformity.

METHODS: Infants with unilateral complete cleft lip in the Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University were selected. All infants underwent cheiloplasty and primary rhinoplasty. We reconstructed the nasal base and corrected the nasal septum and alar deformity at the same time. The nasal splint was worn 1 week after the surgery. The nasal morphology before surgery as well as 1 week and 1 year after surgery were analyzed.

RESULTS: Significant differences were found on symmetry ratios including nasal base width, nostril height, alar angle and columella deviation angle between before and after operation (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the symmetry ratio of nostril height and columella deviation angle between 1 year after surgery and 1 week after surgery (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Infants with unilateral complete cleft lip nasal deformity can achieve satisfactory nasal morphology by primary rhinoplasty. Despite few cases of recurrence of nasal deformity, the nasal morphology can be well improved and maintained.

PMID:38597037 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023204

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):671-677. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023110.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze and summarize the characteristics of supernumerary teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

METHODS: A total of 718 patients with 1 138 supernumerary teeth were retrospectively collected. Age, gender, number, location, morphology, eruption status, and accompanying symptoms of the supernumerary teeth were statistically analyzed. The relationship relative to jaws, gender, and eruption status were analyzed and discussed.

RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 9.54±5.32 years, and the male to female ratio was 2.88∶1. About 77.02% of the patients sought medical advice during the mixed dentition period, and 50.70% had one supernumerary tooth. These supernumeraries were most commonly conical in shape, and 85.76% of them were in the incisor region, 92.09% in the upper jaw, 46.75% in inverted position, and 86.20% unerupted. Overall, 65.29% of them had fully developed roots, and 60.63% had an impact on adjacent structures. Significant differences were found in eruption status, morphology, zoning, direction, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between the supernumerary teeth located in the upper and lower jaws (P<0.05). Significant differences were also detected in gender, morphology, zoning, orientation, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between erupted and unerupted teeth (P<0.05). The incidence of supernumerary teeth in the incisor region was higher in males than that in females. Moreover, the root of supernumeraries was more completely developed in males than in females (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: For supernumerary teeth, CBCT images can provide accurate three-dimensional radiographic data and are valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.

PMID:38597032 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023110

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 1;41(6):662-670. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023114.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) in inflammatory microenvironment on the expression of silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in periodontal ligament cells.

METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and model group (n=24). The model group used orthodontic wire ligation to establish periodontitis, and six rats from each group were killed after 3 weeks. The successful modeling was confirmed by Micro-CT. The remaining rats in the model group were randomly divided into natural recovery group, normal saline (NS) group, and MOP group. In the MOP group, MOP [200 mg/(kg·3d), 50 µL for 4 weeks] was injected into the palatal side of the left maxillary first molar of the rats, while the NS group was injected with equal volume of NS. The natural recovery group did not undergo any treatment. The left maxilla tissues of the rats were collected, and pathological changes in perio-dontal ligament cells were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Cultivate periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro and detect the effect of MOP on cell activity using CCK-8. The 4th generation cells were divided into control group, inflammation group (10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide), and experimental group (5 µmol/L MOP, 5 µmol/L MOP+10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide). The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. The acetylation of NLRP3 and the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Statistical analysis of data was conducted using Prism 9.0 software.

RESULTS: In the vivo experiments, the expression of NLRP3 and SIRT1 in the MOP group decreased significantly compared with that in the natural recovery group and NS group, while the expression of SIRT1 increased (P<0.05) and inflammatory cell infiltration decreased. In the in vitro experiments, the expression of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in the inflammation group increased (P<0.05), while the expression of SIRT1 significantly decreased (P<0.01); MOP upregulated the expression of SIRT1 in inflammatory cells (P<0.05), reduced the expression of NLRP3 and its acetylation level significantly (P<0.05), suppressed the content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: The SIRT1 expression decreased, and that of NLRP3 expression increased in inflammatory periodontal ligament cells. MOP intervention promoted SIRT1 expression, resulting in the inhibition of NLRP3. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NLRP3 reduced through deacetylation, leading to the decreased activity of NLRP3. Thus, MOP acted as inflammatory suppressor.

PMID:38597031 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023114

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 May 25;40(3):328-334. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.03.013.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer by systematic review.

METHODS: Cohort studies in Chinese or English on risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer were searched from CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP Chinese Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials from the beginning to June 30, 2021. Subject words combined with free words were used to retrieve related articles. The included studies were evaluated, and the effective data were processed with Revman 5.3.

RESULTS: Ten studies were selected, and they included 1 241 patients consisting of 473 patients in the exposed group and 768 patients in the control group. After the meta-analysis, the risk factors with statistical significance were as follows: age>60 years, tumor located in oropharynx or mouth floor, tumor size of T3 or T4, TNM stage of Ⅳ, resection involving suprahyoid muscle or tongue resection>50%, combination of neck dissection, tracheotomy, or reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS: Age>60 years, tumor in oropharynx or mouth floor, tumor size of T3 or T4, TNM stage of Ⅳ, resection involving suprahyoid muscle or tongue resection>50%, combination of neck dissection, tracheotomy, or reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy were significant risk factors of postoperative dysphagia in patients with oral cancer.

PMID:38597015 | DOI:10.7518/hxkq.2022.03.013

Br J Ophthalmol. 2024 Apr 9:bjo-2023-323860. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2023-323860. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To compare the diagnostic performance of 360° anterior segment optical coherence tomography assessment by applying normative percentile cut-offs versus iris trabecular contact (ITC) for detecting gonioscopic angle closure.

METHODS: In this multicentre study, 394 healthy individuals were included in the normative dataset to derive the age-specific and angle location-specific normative percentiles of angle open distance (AOD500) and trabecular iris space area (TISA500) which were measured every 10° for 360°. 119 healthy participants and 170 patients with angle closure by gonioscopy were included in the test dataset to investigate the diagnostic performance of three sets of criteria for detection of gonioscopic angle closure: (1) the 10th and (2) the 5th percentiles of AOD500/TISA500, and (3) ITC (ie, AOD500/TISA500=0 mm/mm²). The number of angle locations with angle closure defined by each set of the criteria for each eye was used to generate the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the discrimination between gonioscopic angle closure and open angle.

RESULTS: Of the three sets of diagnostic criteria examined, the area under the ROC curve was greatest for the 10th percentile of AOD500 (0.933), whereas the ITC criterion AOD500=0 mm showed the smallest area under the ROC (0.852) and the difference was statistically significant with or without adjusting for age and axial length (p<0.001). The criterion ≥90° of AOD500 below the 10th percentile attained the best sensitivity 87.6% and specificity 84.9% combination for detecting gonioscopic angle closure.

CONCLUSIONS: Applying the normative percentiles of angle measurements yielded a higher diagnostic performance than ITC for detecting angle closure on gonioscopy.

PMID:38594062 | DOI:10.1136/bjo-2023-323860