Int J Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 21:107012. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107012. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to estimate the causal effects of oral antivirals and vaccinations in prevention against all-cause mortality and progression to severe COVID-19 in an integrative setting with both antivirals and vaccinations considered as interventions.
METHODS: We identified hospitalized adult patients (i.e., aged 18 or above) in Hong Kong with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 16th, 2022 and December 31st, 2022. An inverse probability weighted (IPW) Andersen-Gill model with time-dependent predictors was used to address immortal time bias and produce causal estimates for the protection effects of oral antivirals and vaccinations against severe COVID-19.
RESULTS: Given prescription is made within five days of confirmed infection, nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is more effective in providing protection against all-cause mortality and development into severe COVID-19 than molnupiravir. There was no significant difference between CoronaVac and Comirnaty in the effectiveness of reducing all-cause mortality and progression to severe COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral antivirals and vaccinations causes lower risks of all-cause mortality and progression to severe COVID-19 for hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients.
FUNDING: Health and Medical Research Fund, Hong Kong.
PMID:38521448 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107012
