J Glaucoma. 2025 Nov 1;34(11):888-894. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002617. Epub 2025 Aug 19.
ABSTRACT
PRCIS: Evaluation of aqueous humor outflow (AHO) pathways shows a segmental pattern with the nasal quadrant having the maximum and the temporal quadrant having the least AHO pathways in nonglaucomatous subjects.
AIM: To evaluate circumferential aqueous humor outflow (AHO) pathways in nonglaucomatous subjects using aqueous angiography (AA).
METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational, single-center study recruited 30 subjects with visually significant age-related cataract planned for phacoemulsification. AA was performed using indocyanine green (ICG) dye 0.1% just before phacoemulsification. Images were analyzed at 60 seconds from the injection of ICG dye for angiographic signal intensity in 4 quadrants and 8 sectors, circumferentially (360 degrees) along the limbus. Signal intensities were evaluated and compared between quadrants and sectors as the primary outcome measure. Signal intensities between males and females, right and left eyes were assessed as secondary outcome measures, using appropriate statistical tests.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 61.53±5.5 years (range: 49-68 y) with 16 males and 14 females; 16 right eyes and 14 left eyes. Segmental AHO was noted in all patients. The median signal intensity was highest in the nasal quadrant [45.95(35.59-54.34)] followed by the inferior [31.56 (24.82-41.71)], superior [30.16 (28.2-37.43)], and temporal [26.66 (22.92-34.33)] quadrants, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Median signal intensity among 8 sectors was highest in the nasosuperior sector [23.05 (17.14-29.20)] and least in the temporoinferior sector [12.98 (10.82-17.51)] (P<0.0001). No significant difference was observed in median signal intensities between males [132.83 (115.82-174.18)] and females [143.74 (122.43-166.00)] (P=0.771) and right eyes [143.74 (118.53-170.6)] and left eyes [133.51 (122.43-153.86)] (P=0.967). Anterior capsule rupture and vitreous staining were noted in one patient each.
CONCLUSION: Nonuniform, segmental AHO pathways were seen in nonglaucomatous subjects using AA. The nasal quadrant had the maximum AHO functional channels, followed by the inferior, superior, and least in the temporal quadrant. Within the sectors, the nasosuperior sector had the highest signal intensity.
PMID:41183392 | DOI:10.1097/IJG.0000000000002617
