Environ Monit Assess. 2026 Jan 2;198(1):74. doi: 10.1007/s10661-025-14892-9.
ABSTRACT
China’s coastal regions are facing an evolving air pollution pattern characterized by the joint occurrence of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone(O3). Rapid urban expansion has reduced ecological land, weakening its capacity to act as a “sink” for atmospheric pollutants. This study aims to evaluate the coupling coordination of P-O synergistic pollution and to quantify the “sink” role of ecological land. The Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) model was applied to evaluate the P-O synergy. Spatial econometric models were then employed to investigate the “sink” function of ecological land in mitigating P-O pollution and associated spatial spillover effects, and the Geographical Detector model was employed to assess the interactive influence of multiple factors. Results show: (1) Significant north-south disparities exist in P-O CCD, exhibiting strong positive spatial autocorrelation. (2) FOREST (λ = -2.19, P < 0.05), GRASS (λ = -9.44, P < 0.01), and FARM (λ = -1.30, P < 0.1) effectively suppress P-O pollution, with FOREST and GRASS demonstrating the strongest sink capacity. FARM shows mixed effects, indicating its net ecological function depends on management quality. (3) PRE (λdirect = -1.73***, λindirect = -3.15***) and SEI (λdirect = -5.56, λindirect = -93.5**) significantly influence regional P-O spatial spillover effects, while ecological land’s impact is primarily localized. (4) Meteorological factors exhibit stronger interactions with other drivers; ecological land is the most explanatory factor for P-O synergy. These findings highlight that optimizing land-use structure and ecological management can serve as a practical pathway for synergistic air pollution control and sustainable coastal development.
PMID:41483263 | DOI:10.1007/s10661-025-14892-9
