Cancer Causes Control. 2026 Jul 8;37(8):124. doi: 10.1007/s10552-026-02193-6.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) have been rarely reported in the literature. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological features of PPL and develop robust nomograms for predicting patient survival outcomes.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with PPL were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for the period 1983-2015. Incidence rates of PPL were calculated for 1975-2018, and temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Nomograms were constructed based on independent clinicopathological factors to predict the probability of survival in PPL patients.
RESULTS: A total of 867 PPL patients were identified between 1983 and 2015, with a mean age at diagnosis of 65.7 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. The overall age-adjusted incidence of PPL from 1975 to 2018 was 0.44 per 1,000,000 population, exhibiting a statistically significant increasing trend with an annual percentage change (APC) of 2.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-3.80, P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age, sex, marital status, pathological subtype, Ann Arbor stage, surgical intervention, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for both OS and DSS (all P < 0.05). Nomograms were developed to predict 1-, 5-, and 10-year OS and DSS, and the predictive performance and calibration of these models were validated using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves, respectively.
CONCLUSION: PPL is an extremely rare malignancy, yet its incidence has increased steadily over the past four decades. The constructed nomograms can accurately predict 1-, 5-, and 10-year OS and DSS in PPL patients and effectively stratify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, thus facilitating clinical decision-making.
PMID:42420569 | DOI:10.1007/s10552-026-02193-6
