Lasers Med Sci. 2026 Jul 10;41(1):147. doi: 10.1007/s10103-026-04854-z.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the effect of Interstitial photodynamic therapy (IPDT) on transplanted tumors of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in nude mice. Twenty-four models of nude mice bearing A549 transplanted tumors were established, which were randomly and equally divided into four groups: the control group, the photosensitizer group, the laser group, and the IPDT group. Each group is treated according to the grouping principle. The tumor volume growth changes in each group were compared. The HE staining was performed to observe the pathomorphological changes of transplanted tumor cells in each group. The TUNEL assay was used to observe the apoptosis induced by IPDT. The qRT-PCR and western blot assays were used to detect the expression levels of Survivin, Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, VEGF and HIF-1α genes in the transplanted tumor tissues. The results showed that the volume of the tumor volume in the IPDT group was noticeably smaller than that in the control, photosensitizer and laser groups, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). After HE staining of tumor tissues, there were various necrotic, disordered and foamy cells in the IPDT group. The cells in the other three groups were closely arranged with large hyperchromatic nuclei. The TUNEL assay revealed that more apoptotic cells with brown particles in the nucleus were found in the IPDT group. The results of qRT-PCR and western blot assays showed that compared with the other three groups, the expressions of Survivin, Bcl-2, VEGF, and HIF-1α in the IPDT group were decreased, while the expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax were increased. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). IPDT could significantly inhibit the growth of A549 transplanted tumors in nude mice, which is possibly related to down-regulating the expression of apoptotic factors Survivin and Bcl-2 genes, up-regulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 genes, and down-regulating the expression of angiogenesis-related VEGF and HIF-1α genes.
PMID:42429993 | DOI:10.1007/s10103-026-04854-z
