Exp Physiol. 2023 Nov 10. doi: 10.1113/EP091339. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? Genetic variations in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 enzymes that detoxify cigarette smoke products might be correlated to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development: do GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms modulate the risk for COPD in North Indians and what is the relationship with associated clinical parameters? What is the main finding and its importance? The GSTT1(-) null genotype was strongly correlated with COPD development, and GSTT1 deletion was also linked with higher Global Strategy for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grading. At the same time, no association was observed in the GSTM1(-) null genotype in the North Indian COPD patients.
ABSTRACT: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly characterized by shortness of breath, coughing or expectoration. Smoking is the leading cause of COPD development, but only a small percentage of smokers develop symptoms, implying a genetic component. Glutathione S-transferase enzymes are responsible for detoxifying cigarette smoke components. The role of glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphism was assessed with COPD susceptibility and associated clinical parameters in the North Indian population. This was a cross-sectional study involving 200 COPD patients and 200 healthy individuals, with peripheral blood sampling and adequate questionnaires. Multiplex PCR was used for genotyping GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphism. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals to assess the COPD risk and GST polymorphisms. The GSTT1 gene deletion rate was higher in COPD cases (34.5%) than in healthy individuals (20.5%). A statistical relationship between the GSTT1(-) null genotype and COPD risk was observed (odds ratio = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.30-3.20, P = 0.0019). After adjusting for covariates like age, sex and smoking status, a significant association was found for GSTT1(-) null genotype and COPD risk (adjusted odds ratio = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.43-5.87, P = 0.003). The GSTT1(-) genotype was also significantly correlated with clinical parameters for COPD risk. Another primary observation was that females with the GSTT1(-) null genotype were more vulnerable to COPD than males with the same gene deletion. The GSTT1(-) null genotype strongly correlates with COPD development, while no association was observed in the GSTM1(-) null genotype in the North Indian population.
PMID:37948104 | DOI:10.1113/EP091339
