J Adv Nurs. 2025 Feb 12. doi: 10.1111/jan.16781. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the relationship between time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity and sarcopenia in older adults, and to analyse the effect of reallocating time between different intensities of activities on sarcopenia.
DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, data were synthesised using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale by two independent reviewers.
DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane databases for studies published up to November 5, 2024, with no language or date restrictions. Relevant reference lists were also manually screened.
RESULTS: The present review included six studies involving 9914 older adults. Three studies suggested that older adults without sarcopenia spent more time performing light physical activities (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.24-0.45) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (SMD: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.49-0.74) and had less sedentary behaviour (SMD: -0.34; 95% CI: -0.51 to -0.16) than did older adults with sarcopenia. Replacing sedentary behaviour with an equivalent amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (10, 30, or 60 min) each day can reduce the risk of sarcopenia, with 30 min showing the best preventive effect. However, research findings on the relationship between substituting sedentary behaviour time with light physical activities and sarcopenia are inconsistent.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION: Encouraging older adults to engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity, even in short bouts of 10 min, can significantly reduce the risk of sarcopenia. Healthcare professionals should tailor activity recommendations to individual preferences and physical conditions to promote overall health and reduce sedentary behaviour.
PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No Patient or Public Contribution.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: CRD42023416166.
PMID:39936334 | DOI:10.1111/jan.16781
