J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Nov 1:S0022-3913(25)00837-6. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.10.030. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Using nonoriginal abutments compatible with dental implants has become increasingly common. However, with subtle differences in structures and materials, the long-term reliability of nonoriginal components is still a concern.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the micromorphology, internal accuracy, reverse torque, and mechanical properties of 3 nonoriginal and 1 original abutment-implant connections.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three brands of nonoriginal abutments (Bioconcept, Bai; Denfec, Gao; and Kerunxi, Ke) and the original abutment (Straumann, ITI) were connected to primitive internal CrossFit connection implants. The elemental composition and surface topography of abutments were analyzed. Cyclic loading was applied to mimic long-term clinical use. The reverse torque value (RTV) was measured in pre-fatigue (RTV1) and post-fatigue (RTV2) specimens. Longitudinally sectioned specimens were used to assess internal accuracy. Post-fatigue fracture strength was tested via uniaxial compression. Statistical analysis was performed using the 1-sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Welch ANOVA test, Kruskal-Wallis test, 2-way ANOVA test, or Aligned Rank Transform (ART) ANOVA test (α=.05).
RESULTS: Elemental composition and surface topography differed among groups. No significant intergroup difference in RTV1 was found (P>.05). RTV2 decreased in every group compared with the applied torque value but was higher in Gao than in ITI (P=.002) and Ke (P=.017). Screw jamming was observed in Gao and Ke. All groups showed an extremely high tight contact rate in the platform area. Nonoriginal abutments demonstrated comparable with or higher post-fatigue fracture strength than the original component.
CONCLUSIONS: The tested nonoriginal abutments achieved essentially similar performance to that of the original ones in terms of internal accuracy, RTV, and mechanical properties, suggesting clinical suitability. However, differences existed in elemental composition and surface morphology. Screw jamming was also observed in nonoriginal abutments after fatigue. The selection of nonoriginal abutments still requires careful consideration.
PMID:41177736 | DOI:10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.10.030
