BMC Oral Health. 2025 Dec 5. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-07317-z. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the orthodontic outcomes of multiple impacted maxillary anterior teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and analyze the root and alveolar bone attachment following orthodontic traction.
METHODS: Sixteen patients with multiple impacted maxillary anterior teeth treated at the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between 2016 and 2020 were included. A total of 14 Impacted maxillary central incisors(IMCIs), 13 Impacted maxillary lateral incisors(IMLIs), and 16 Impacted maxillary canines(IMCs) were assessed. CBCT scans and three-dimensional reconstructions were performed immediately after treatment completion. Measurements included root length(RL), intraosseous root ratio, alveolar bone loss of labial, lingual side(LaBL, LiBL), apical alveolar bone thickness(ABT) , and labial, lingual alveolar bone thickness(LaABT, LiABT) of impacted teeth compared to their contralateral counterparts. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess differences.
RESULTS: The RL and intraosseous root ratio of IMCIs and IMLIs were significantly smaller than those of the control teeth (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in RL between IMCs and controls (p > 0.05), but the intraosseous root ratio was smaller in IMCs (p < 0.05). IMCIs exhibited greater LaBL (p < 0.05) and thinner LaABT (p < 0.05) compared to controls, while LiABT, LiBL or ABT showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). IMLIs had larger LiBL (p < 0.05), but LaBL, LiABT, LaABT or ABT did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). IMCs demonstrated greater LaBL (p < 0.05), with no significant differences in LaABT, LiABT, LiBL or ABT (p > 0.05). The success rates of orthodontic traction were 71.43% for IMCIs, 84.62% for IMLIs, and 93.75% for IMCs.
CONCLUSION: Orthodontic traction facilitates the preservation of multiple impacted maxillary anterior teeth, though post-traction alveolar bone attachment remains suboptimal. Among the impacted teeth, canines exhibit superior root development and higher traction success rates.
PMID:41350866 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-07317-z
