Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2026 Jan;55(1):35-50. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.008.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and identify protective dietary patterns for reducing remnant cholesterol levels in Chinese adult residents, and to analyze the energy and nutrient intake of different compliance groups.
METHODS: The data for this study was obtained from the China Residents Nutrition and Health Survey(2015-2017). The sampling method used was stratified, multi-stage, and random sampling. A total of 61 317 residents aged 18 and over from 298 monitoring sites across the country were included in the study. The remnant cholesterol levels were estimated using internationally recognized method. The protective dietary patterns were identified using the principal component regression method.
RESULTS: The protective dietary patterns for remnant cholesterol in Chinese adult residents are characterized by a higher intake of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, fungi and algae, and soybean products, and a lower intake of refined grains and alcoholic beverages. This dietary pattern explains 8.24% of the variability in food groups and 53.69% of the variability in the response variable. In the correlation analysis, the dietary score was found to have a negative correlation with explanatory variables that had negative factor loadings, and a positive correlation with explanatory variables that had positive factor loadings. These correlations were statistically significant(P<0.01). The response variables also showed a positive correlation(P<0.01), with dietary fiber having the strongest correlation with vitamin E intake(r=0.73, P<0.01) and a strong positive correlation with calcium intake(r=0.71, P<0.01). Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between the response variable and dietary score(P<0.01). The highest correlations were found between dietary score and dietary fiber(r=0.78, P<0.01) and vitamin E(r=0.75, P<0.01). In the nutrient analysis, the high compliance group showed higher intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, cholesterol, total vitamin A, beta-carotene, retinol, thiamine, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, and manganese, and lower intakes of energy, thiamine, and niacin. The median energy intake of the Q5 group decreased by 596.08 kcal/d compared to the Q1 group. Additionally, the median protein intake increased by 2.01 g/d, while the fat intake decreased by 0.60 g/d. However, the carbohydrate intake increased by 29.99 g/d.
CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in energy and nutrient intake among the compliance groups of the protective dietary patterns for remnant cholesterol in Chinese adult residents. This highlights the importance of a balanced and nutrient-rich diet in reducing remnant cholesterol levels.
PMID:41819995 | DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.008
