Category: Nevin Manimala

Endocr Relat Cancer. 2026 Aug 27:ERC-26-0286. doi: 10.1530/ERC-26-0286. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) are rare endocrine malignancies with poorly defined risk factors, in contrast to the more common pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), for which non-O ABO blood group is a well-established susceptibility marker. To determine whether ABO and related glycosylation markers associated with PDAC risk extends to panNENs, we conducted a case-control study of 1,059 pathologically confirmed panNEN cases from the ANONYMISED HOSPITAL Biospecimen Resource for Pancreas Research and 33,018 cancer-free controls from the ANONYMISED HOSPITAL Biobank. Using germline genotype data, we inferred ABO blood group, FUT2-defined secretor status, and FUT3-defined Lewis antigen phenotypes, and calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and ancestry principal components. ABO blood group was not associated with panNEN risk: compared with blood group O, the OR for non-O was 0.98 (95%CI: 0.87-1.11), with similarly null findings for blood groups A, B, and AB individually. Secretor status (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.84-1.14) and Lewis-positive phenotypes (OR=0.91, 95%CI: 0.75-1.13) were also not associated with risk, and no interactions were observed between blood group and secretor status or Lewis antigen phenotypes. Given our high statistical power to detect previously reported PDAC effect sizes for non-O blood group, these null findings are informative, indicating that the ABO-linked glycosylation, inflammatory, and host-microbe interaction pathways implicated in PDAC are unlikely to be major determinants of panNEN susceptibility. This study therefore sharpens the etiologic distinction between pancreatic exocrine and neuroendocrine cancers, redirecting panNEN research beyond PDAC paradigms toward alternative mechanisms of endocrine tumorigenesis.

PMID:42659511 | DOI:10.1530/ERC-26-0286

Rev Bras Enferm. 2026 Aug 21;79:e20250547. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2025-0547. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to map and summarize the main applications of artificial intelligence in addressing interpersonal violence against vulnerable populations.

METHODS: a scoping review was conducted between December 2024 and February 2025 in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases, as well as grey matter databases. Editorials, retractions, and studies of self-inflicted violence were excluded.

RESULTS: 750 texts were found. After applying the eligibility criteria, a sample of ten materials was obtained. The studies were grouped into the categories “Prediction and automated monitoring of violence”, “Decision support, technological innovation in health and social protection” and “Ethics, security, and social impact of artificial intelligence in vulnerable contexts”.

CONCLUSIONS: artificial intelligence models for addressing violence against vulnerable populations require verification, data protection, social governance and testing with a high level of evidence.

PMID:42659509 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2025-0547

Rev Bras Enferm. 2026 Aug 21;79:e20250501. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2025-0501. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the application of the Nursing Process stages in women’s care in Primary Health Care.

METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2022 in 17 Basic Health Units across four Brazilian municipalities, involving 25 nurses and 92 medical records. A questionnaire was administered to nurses, and data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with SPSS® software version 25.0. Medical records were read and analyzed.

RESULTS: the execution of the Nursing Process was partial, and all phases had incomplete records. Assessment and planning were the most prevalent, while nursing diagnosis, implementation, and assessment were the weakest.

CONCLUSIONS: incomplete Nursing Process records compromise the documentation of nursing work regarding patient care, potentially leading to ethical and legal implications for professionals. It is necessary to invest in training and foster professional interest in the Nursing Process application and recording.

PMID:42659507 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2025-0501

J Obstet Gynaecol. 2026 Dec;46(1):2697493. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2026.2697493. Epub 2026 Aug 27.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with limited diagnostic biomarkers. miR-101-3p is implicated in endocrine regulation and ovarian function, with emerging evidence suggesting its potential as a biomarker for reproductive disorders. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum miR-101-3p and colour Doppler ultrasound parameters for PCOS.

METHODS: A total of 186 study subjects were enrolled, with samples collected from April 2020 to June 2023. miR-101-3p expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The Doppler parameters of the ovary were detected by colour Doppler ultrasound. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normality of continuous variables, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of single indicators and their combined panel, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Serum miR-101-3p expression was significantly downregulated in PCOS patients compared with the control group (P < 0.001). In PCOS patients, ovarian volume was significantly elevated (P < 0.01), while pulsatility index and resistive index were significantly decreased (both P < 0.05). Additionally, low serum miR-101-3p levels were closely correlated with high luteinising hormone levels in PCOS patients (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the combined panel of miR-101-3p and Doppler parameters achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.947, with a sensitivity of 90.4% and specificity of 85.4%, showing significantly superior diagnostic performance over any single indicator (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combined detection of serum miR-101-3p and ovarian Doppler parameters exhibits improved diagnostic efficacy for PCOS, representing a promising auxiliary clinical strategy.

PMID:42658192 | DOI:10.1080/01443615.2026.2697493

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2026 Sep;39(5):850-855. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2026.2673660. Epub 2026 May 29.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic role of combining PD-L1 and CTLA-4 blockade in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear, with individual trials yielding discrepant results.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy and safety of durvalumab with or without tremelimumab in advanced NSCLC. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes included immune-related adverse events. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random- or fixed-effects models according to heterogeneity.

RESULTS: Three RCTs (MYSTIC, ARCTIC, and POSEIDON) enrolling 2726 patients met inclusion criteria. Combined analysis showed no significant overall survival benefit with durvalumab plus tremelimumab compared to durvalumab alone (HR 0.97; 95% CI, 0.74-1.27). Pooled analysis of immune-related adverse events demonstrated significantly higher risks in the tremelimumab-containing arms.

CONCLUSIONS: In metastatic NSCLC, the addition of tremelimumab to durvalumab does not confer a statistically significant overall survival advantage in unselected populations and is associated with a marked increase in immune-mediated toxicities. Benefits may be restricted to biomarker-defined subgroups, but these findings remain exploratory. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the optimal role of CTLA-4 blockade in combination immunotherapy.

PMID:42658167 | DOI:10.1080/08998280.2026.2673660

Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2719250. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2719250. Epub 2026 Aug 27.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the agreement of hemodynamic parameters measured by Swan-Ganz catheter and thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to evaluate the clinical application value of TEB in perioperative hemodynamic monitoring.

METHODS: A total of 42 CHD patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, from August 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled in this prospective observational study. All patients received continuous hemodynamic monitoring using both TEB and Swan-Ganz catheter throughout the surgical procedure, with simultaneous data collection. Cardiac output (CO), Stroke volume (SV), stroke volume index (SI), and end-diastolic volume (EDV) were recorded at two key time points (before thoracotomy and after chest closure) for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: Bland-Altman corrected for repeated measurements revealed mean bias of -0.30 L/min (CO), -9.10 mL (SV), -5.10 mL/m² (SI), and 69.80 mL (EDV); corresponding 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were -2.50 to 1.80 L/min, -47.70 to 29.60 mL, -27.10 to 16.80 mL/m², and -55.45 to 195.10 mL respectively. The 95% LOA of all four indices fell within predefined clinical acceptable thresholds, whereas paired t-test demonstrated statistically significant inter-method differences for all measured parameters.

CONCLUSION: TEB serves as a reliable, non-invasive tool for real-time continuous trend monitoring of CO, SV, SI, and EDV in critically ill surgical patients, especially those for whom invasive monitoring is contraindicated. This study supports the clinical application of TEB as an alternative or supplementary method for perioperative hemodynamic assessment in OPCABG patients.

PMID:42658162 | DOI:10.1080/07853890.2026.2719250

Int Nurs Rev. 2026 Sep;73(3):e70226. doi: 10.1111/inr.70226.

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study aimed to examine the association between job satisfaction and psychological resilience among nurses and to explore differences in these scores according to selected demographic, occupational, and lifestyle-related characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Job satisfaction and psychological resilience are important work-related and psychological constructs in nursing. Examining their association may provide insight into nurses’ occupational experiences and inform future workforce-support strategies.

METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational design was used. Data were collected through an online self-administered questionnaire from 427 nurses working in public, private, and university hospitals in Ankara, Türkiye. The Job Satisfaction Scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-Short Form were administered. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, independent-samples t tests, and one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc tests when appropriate.

FINDINGS: Job satisfaction was positively correlated with psychological resilience (r = .418, p <.001). Statistically significant differences in job satisfaction and psychological resilience scores were observed across selected demographic, occupational, institutional, and lifestyle-related characteristics.

DISCUSSION: The findings indicate a positive association between job satisfaction and psychological resilience. Observed group differences warrant further investigation using longitudinal and multivariable study designs.

CONCLUSION: Job satisfaction and psychological resilience were positively associated in this sample of nurses. The findings support further investigation of individual, occupational, and institutional characteristics associated with these constructs.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: The observed association between job satisfaction and psychological resilience highlights the relevance of considering both constructs when assessing nurses’ occupational experiences. Nursing managers may consider evidence-informed workforce-support strategies, while intervention studies are needed to determine their effectiveness.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: The findings may inform future research and policy discussions concerning nurse workforce support; however, policy interventions should be guided by longitudinal and intervention-based evidence.

PMID:42658161 | DOI:10.1111/inr.70226

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2026 Aug 26. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000013415. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Lower body lift (LBL) after massive weight loss (MWL) is frequently complicated by seroma and wound dehiscence. The necessity of drains in LBL remains controversial, with limited robust evidence. This study retrospectively assessed whether omitting drains after MWL influences complication rates and outcomes in 1,002 patients.

METHODS: Records of patients who underwent LBL from January 2011 to May 2024 were reviewed. Two groups were compared: with suction drainage and without drainage. Complications were evaluated individually and classified using Clavien-Dindo. Statistical analyses (univariate/multivariate) assessed links between drain use and complications, controlling for relevant covariates.

RESULTS: Among 1,002 patients, 598 had no drains and 404 received suction drainage. The drain group experienced longer hospitalization (4.29 ± 1.55 vs. 2.41 ± 0.94 days, p<0.001) and operative time (179 vs. 152 minutes, p<0.001). Overall complication rates did not differ significantly. However, wound complications were more frequent with drains (24% vs. 17%, p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, drain use was not an independent risk factor for complications; only active smoking predicted higher risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Omitting drains in LBL after MWL was associated with similar overall complication rates but reduced wound complications and shorter hospital stays. These findings support the safety of drainless protocols in LBL surgery, suggesting they may improve outcomes and help reduce the postoperative treatment burden for patients.

PMID:42658150 | DOI:10.1097/PRS.0000000000013415

JACC Asia. 2026 Aug 17:S2772-3747(26)00601-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.06.041. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Patients with extremely small aortic annuli are at increased risk of residual gradients and prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Comparative data on contemporary valve platforms in this subset remain limited.

OBJECTIVES: The authors aimed to compare early clinical and hemodynamic outcomes among balloon-expandable valves (BEVs), supra-annular self-expanding valves (SA-SEVs), and intra-annular self-expanding valves (IA-SEVs) in patients with severe aortic stenosis and extremely small annuli.

METHODS: Patients with annular area <314 mm² from the OCEAN-TAVI registry were analyzed using multinomial propensity score overlap weighting. Primary outcomes were severe PPM, mean transvalvular pressure gradient ≥20 mm Hg, and paravalvular leakage (PVL) ≥mild.

RESULTS: Among 385 patients, 125, 136, and 124 underwent BEV, SA-SEV, and IA-SEV implantation, respectively. Effective sample sizes after overlap weighting were 92.4, 93.6, and 85.4, with a median follow-up of 358 days. Adjusted probabilities of severe PPM were similarly low (1.6%, 2.0%, and 2.7%; P = 0.85). mean transvalvular pressure gradient ≥20 mm Hg occurred in 4.5%, 8.3%, and 2.3%, respectively (P = 0.19). PVL ≥mild was numerically more frequent with SEV than BEV (15.8%, 27.3%, and 27.0%; P = 0.09), with adjusted odds ratios versus BEV of 1.92 (95% CI: 0.96-3.84) for SA-SEV and 1.83 (95% CI: 0.91-3.70) for IA-SEV. Major complications and 1-year mortality were similar among groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Contemporary TAVR platforms showed broadly similar early outcomes, although PVL ≥mild was numerically more frequent with self-expanding valves.

PMID:42658142 | DOI:10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.06.041

JACC Asia. 2026 Aug 25:S2772-3747(26)00611-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.07.019. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pembrolizumab improves survival in advanced lung adenocarcinoma, but potential cardiovascular toxicity remains.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the oncologic benefits and cardiovascular risks of pembrolizumab in a nationwide lung adenocarcinoma cohort.

METHODS: We analyzed 39,192 patients newly diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma between 2012 and 2019 using the nationwide cancer registry. We compared 573 patients treated with pembrolizumab within 1 year of diagnosis with 38,619 patients who were not treated within 3 years. The outcomes included all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), heart failure (HF), pericarditis/myocarditis, and atrial fibrillation (AF) over a 3-year follow-up.

RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years (IQR: 1.0-3.0 years), 18,241 deaths, 574 MI, 1,157 IS, 2,777 HF, 852 pericarditis/myocarditis, and 1,601 AF events occurred. Model-based adjusted outcome curves showed lower all-cause mortality among users (adjusted P < 0.001) but higher incidences of IS, HF, and AF (adjusted P = 0.028, <0.001, and 0.048, respectively). Nonsignificant trends toward increased risks of MI and pericarditis/myocarditis were observed. Multivariable survival analyses, including Fine-Gray competing risk models for nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes, showed that pembrolizumab use was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.69-0.86) but with increased risks of IS (HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10-2.23), HF (HR: 2.72, 95% CI: 2.24-3.30), and AF (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.08-2.01); increases in MI and pericarditis/myocarditis were nonsignificant.

CONCLUSIONS: Pembrolizumab was associated with lower all-cause mortality but higher risks of major cardiovascular events. These findings support vigilant cardio-oncologic monitoring in patients treated with pembrolizumab.

PMID:42658141 | DOI:10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.07.019