Category: Nevin Manimala

J Contemp Dent Pract. 2023 Jun 1;24(6):357-363. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3521.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the effect of corticobasal implant penetration in the nasal and maxillary sinuses on sinus health and implant survival rate in cases of severely atrophid ridges.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on thirty patients with 172 implants who underwent corticobasal implant treatment between 2014 and 2018. Implants were divided into two groups according to the penetration depths (Group A, <4 mm; Group B, 4 mm). Inclusion criteria for the study included: (A) patients with severe maxillary ridge resorption with an immediately loaded corticobasal implant-supported prosthesis that showed implant protrusion inside the maxillary sinus on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT); and (B) patients with a preoperative and postoperative follow-up CBCT scan using the same standard technique and machine. (C) Patients without any history of sinusitis before implant insertion patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recalled for follow-up. The presence of sinus complications was clinically assessed according to the clinical practice guidelines for adult sinusitis of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Radiologically using CBCT. Moreover, patient satisfaction was evaluated using yes-or-no questions. The result was statistically analyzed using Fisher’s Exact test.

RESULTS: Despite the differences in implant penetration depths, no clinical signs of sinusitis were evident in any patient. One patient presented with transient epistaxis after the surgery, and 2 patients with nine implants revealed nonsignificant thickening of the sinus membrane radiologically (p = 0.055). All implants showed optimum bone-implant contact with a 100% survival rate. A significant relationship was reported between the thickness of the membrane and the patient’s gender, hypertension, and smoking habits. (p = 0.001*, p = 0.002*, and p = 0.034*, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Penetration of corticobasal implants in the maxillary sinus did not compromise the health of the maxillary sinus or implant survival rate.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Limited posterior maxillary bony support and maxillary sinus pneumatization present challenges in implant dentistry and increase the possibility of implant protrusion inside the maxillary and nasal cavities. Hence, studying the effect of this protrusion on the maxillary sinuses’ health and implant survival is highly significant.

PMID:37534501 | DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3521

J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2023 Aug 3:1-21. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2240409. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Melanoma is the third most common malignant skin tumor and has increased in morbidity and mortality over the previous decade due to its rapid spread into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. This study used integrated bioinformatics and network-based methodologies to reliably identify molecular targets and small molecular medicines that may be more successful for Melanoma diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. The statistical LIMMA approach utilized for bioinformatics analysis in this study found 246 common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) between case and control samples from two microarray gene-expression datasets (GSE130244 and GSE15605). Protein-protein interaction network study revealed 15 cDEGs (PTK2, STAT1, PNO1, CXCR4, WASL, FN1, RUNX2, SOCS3, ITGA4, GNG2, CDK6, BRAF, AGO2, GTF2H1 and AR) to be critical in the development of melanoma (KGs). According to regulatory network analysis, the most important transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of DEGs and hub-DEGs are ten transcription factors and three miRNAs. We discovered the pathogenetic mechanisms of MC by studying DEGs’ biological processes, molecular function, cellular components and KEGG pathways. We used molecular docking and dynamics modeling to select the four most expressed genes responsible for melanoma malignancy to identify therapeutic candidates. Then, utilizing the Connectivity Map (CMap) database, we analyzed the top 4-hub-DEGs-guided repurposable drugs. We validated four melanoma cancer drugs (Fisetin, Epicatechin Gallate, 1237586-97-8 and PF 431396) using molecular dynamics simulation with their target proteins. As a result, the results of this study may provide resources to researchers and medical professionals for the wet-lab validation of MC diagnosis, prognosis and treatments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

PMID:37534476 | DOI:10.1080/07391102.2023.2240409

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2023;14(2):2238583. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2238583.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Alcohol and other substances use related problems among refugees is a global public health concern. Although there is substantial research on the use of alcohol and other substances among the refugees, little is known about gender and other factors that might be associated with the use of alcohol and other substances. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol and substance use across gender and other specific associated factors among urban refugees living in Mbarara city, Southwestern Uganda.

METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 343 refugees were interviewed on the use of alcohol and other substances using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and the Drug Abuse Screening Test. The associated factors included, age, marital status, occupation, duration (length of stay) in Uganda, educational levels, stigma and depression. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the predictor and outcome variables.

RESULTS: No significant gender difference in alcohol use was found, and the overall prevalence of hazardous, harmful or dependent alcohol use among our sample of refugees living in Mbarara city was 43%. There were however, statistically significant gender differences in the use of other substances, with a significantly higher percentage of men than women reporting intermediate, substantial, or severe substance use (45% among men, 37% among women). Higher levels of depression and being separated from one’s spouse were associated with higher levels of alcohol and substance use. In addition, higher age and being male were associated with the use of substances other than alcohol.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a high prevalence of problematic alcohol and substance use among both male and female refugees. Clinical interventions focused on the treatment and prevention of alcohol and substance use among the refugee communities may benefit from focusing on depressive symptoms as well.

PMID:37534475 | DOI:10.1080/20008066.2023.2238583

Aging Ment Health. 2023 Aug 3:1-5. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2242302. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Will-to-live is defined as the psychological expression of one’s commitment to life and the desire to continue living. It is an important indicator of subjective wellbeing. This study aimed to assess the will-to-live in frail older hospitalized patients and nursing home residents as well as to evaluate its association with physical frailty, tiredness of life, depression and wish-to-die.

METHODS: Between March and September 2021, we interviewed 186 older adults in six nursing homes and two acute geriatric wards across Belgium. Will-to-live was assessed using a single-item numeric rating scale from 0 to 5. A linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between will-to-live and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale) with adjustment for age, gender and setting. Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the association between will-to-live and depression, tiredness of life and wish-to-die.

RESULTS: Mean age was 85 (± 6.2) years. Mean score on the Clinical Frailty Scale was five (± 1.5) and four on the will-to-live (± 1.3). No statistical significant association was found between will-to-live and age (p = 0.991), gender (p = 0.272), setting (p = 0.627) and frailty (p = 0.629). Multiple linear regression showed no significant association with Clinical Frailty Scale (p = 0.660), after adjustment for age, gender and setting. Will-to-live was negatively associated with tiredness of life (p = 0.020) and wish-to-die (p < 0.001), but not with depression (p = 0.186).

DISCUSSION: Both nursing home residents and older hospitalized patients expressed a strong or very strong will-to-live. Will-to-live was not associated with physical frailty as measured by the Clinical Frailty Scale. Nursing home residents with a weak will-to-live were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Most nursing home residents with a wish-to-die had also a low will-to-live, although some residents had both a high will-to-live and wish-to-die.

PMID:37534457 | DOI:10.1080/13607863.2023.2242302

Global Spine J. 2023 Aug 3:21925682231193619. doi: 10.1177/21925682231193619. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: To show population variance in the Inflection Point (IP) and its role in defining maximum Thoracic Kyphosis (TK) and Lumbar Lordosis (LL).

METHODS: 468 asymptomatic adult volunteers were included in the Multi-Ethnic Normative Alignment Study (MEANS). To find parameters correlating with IP, the vertebrae and discs were numbered such that C7 was 0, T1 was 1, with T1-T2 disc being 1.5, etc. Statistical analysis was performed by a correlation matrix for IP and the 9 other selected parameters along with linear regressions.

RESULTS: The overall mean IP was 12.44 approximately corresponding to T12-L1 disc with the median being 12.50, range was T8-L4. The cohort was then stratified by sex and ethnicity, but there was no significant difference in IP between groups. IP in younger subjects was 13 (L1), compared to 12.5 (T12-L1 disc) in older subjects (P < .05). IP was moderately correlated with the TK apex (r = .66). No strong correlation was found between IP and LL magnitude or apex, TK magnitude, sacral slope, or Pelvic Incidence (PI). In terms of other sagittal parameters, PI and LL demonstrated a significant positive correlation. PI and TK did not have a strong association.

CONCLUSIONS: The mean IP was at the T12-L1 disc, however IP ranged from T8 to L4. Older subjects tended to have a relatively more cephalad IP. No radiographic variable was found to be a strong predictor of the IP. TK apex was found to have a moderate correlation.

PMID:37534454 | DOI:10.1177/21925682231193619

Vet Med Sci. 2023 Aug 3. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1235. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)₂ D) is vital in the homeostasis of calcium and bone health as well as in the prevention of many disorders such as neoplasms. Epidemiological data show that low concentrations of both 1,25(OH)₂ D and its precursor 25(OH) vitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of a variety of human tumours.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate 25(OH)D, parathormone (PTH) and immunity marker concentrations in dogs with transmissible venereal tumour (TVT).

METHODS: 25(OH)D, PTH and various biochemical and immunity markers were evaluated in dogs with TVT (n = 26) and in healthy (n = 30) dogs.

RESULTS: 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with TVT in comparison with healthy dogs. In contrast, PTH, immunoglobulin G and interleukin (IL)-9 concentrations were higher in the dogs with TVT. Other variables, including IL-10, interferon γ, calcium and inorganic phosphate, were not statistically different between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Decreased serum 25(OH)D concentration may be a risk factor for the development of canine TVT; however, cause-and-effect remains incompletely understood. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact role of 25(OH)D in canine TVT and whether vitamin D supplementation may be useful prophylactically or as an adjunct to chemotherapy.

PMID:37534440 | DOI:10.1002/vms3.1235

Med Lav. 2023 Aug 2;114(4):e2023036. doi: 10.23749/mdl.v114i4.14280.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of low doses of ionizing radiation on healthcare workers using dosimeter data and several biomarkers of effects, and to asses the suitability of those tests.

METHODS: Data from the last medical examinations, obtained from the medical records of 148 employees were analysed. They were divided into three groups: nuclear medicine, interventional radiology and general radiology. The examination included hematological parameters and cytogenetical tests: unstable chromosomal aberrations (UCA) and micronucleus test (MNT). The received cumulative 5-year dose was calibrated into personal dose equivalents Hp(10).

RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the UCAs (c2=6.634, p=0.036) with the highest UCA frequency in nuclear medicine. The ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference in the values of erythrocytes (F(2,140)=3.715, p=0.027), monocytes (F(2,127)=3.326, p=0.039) and platelets (F(2,135)=4.209, p=0.017), with higher erythrocytes and lower platelets in interventional radiology and lower monocytes in nuclear medicine, all with small effect size. The dose was significantly different among the groups (c2 =22,191; p<0.001). The nuclear medicine workers received a higher dose compared to interventional radiology (U=458, p<0.001) and general radiology (U=510.5, p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear medicine employees are at a higher risk of developing neoplastic and blood-related diseases due to consistent exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation. Results suggest that UCA test might be more suitable for detecting radiation-induced damage at low doses than MNT. Compulsory monitoring of the health status at periodic examinations is required to prevent occupational diseases, esp. among the nuclear medicine workers.

PMID:37534426 | DOI:10.23749/mdl.v114i4.14280

Int Wound J. 2023 Aug 3. doi: 10.1111/iwj.14331. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The results of this meta-analysis were applied to analyse the effects of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) and conventional dressings on post-surgical outcomes after trauma in orthopaedics. Through June 2023, a full review of the literature has been carried out with the help of 4 databases, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the classification and exclusion criteria established for this trial, which led to an analysis of 9 related trials. The results included the injury was deeply and superficially infected, and the wound was dehiscence. The 95% confidence interval (CI) and odds ratios (OR) were computed by means of a fixed-effect and a random-effect model. Meta-analyses were conducted with RevMan 5.3. There is no statistical significance between NPWT and routine therapy for deep wound infection (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.82-2.27, p = 0.23); There was no difference in the incidence of inflammation in the wound than with conventional dressings (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.84-1.45, p = 0.49); But NPWT was obviously superior to that of routine therapy in superficial wound infection (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.32-3.25, p = 0.002) and wound dehiscence (OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.31-4.57, p = 0.005); But not with respect to wound exudate. therapy group, but no statistically significant difference was found with respect to wound exudation. (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.86-1.57, p = 0.34). Given that some of the chosen trials are too small for this meta-analysis, caution should be exercised when treating their values. More high-quality research with a large sample is required in order to confirm the findings.

PMID:37534409 | DOI:10.1111/iwj.14331

Clin Pathol. 2023 Jul 31;16:2632010X231188937. doi: 10.1177/2632010X231188937. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chronic gastritis (CG) is a very common disease. More than half of the worldwide population suffers from symptoms of CG. This disease has received great attention since the discovery of H. pylori as the most important cause of CG. Symptoms experienced by patients with CG are attributed to H. pylori-induced inflammatory reactions. Heparanase (HPSE) is a mammalian β-endoglucoronidase. In inflammation; HPSE degrades and remodels the extracellular matrix’s heparan sulfate polysaccharide chains liberating heparan sulfate-bound cytokines and chemokines, HPSE also facilitates movement of inflammatory cells.

AIMS: This study aimed to detect the function of HPSE in CG by correlating levels of HPSE expression with histopathological features of CG, including H. pylori infection, acute and chronic inflammatory cells, mucosal atrophic and/or metaplastic features.

METHODS: Ninety-five upper endoscopic-guided gastric punch biopsies were enrolled in this study. From each specimen, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were prepared. Tissue sections were stained by Hematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa, and anti-heparanase antibody.

RESULTS: HPSE expression was statistically associated with H. pylori infection (P-value < .000), and intensity of chronic lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate in the gastric mucosal tissues (P = .004). High levels of HPSE expression were also related to the presence of neutrophils in the gastric surface epithelium and lamina propria (P-value < .009).

CONCLUSIONS: HPSE expression was upregulated in H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis. Thus, future therapeutic agents that could specifically inhibit HPSE enzyme activity, may aid in the reduction of sequelae of H. pylori infection.

PMID:37534373 | PMC:PMC10392192 | DOI:10.1177/2632010X231188937

J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2023 Sep;22(3):652-660. doi: 10.1007/s12663-022-01807-1. Epub 2022 Dec 10.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Treating mandibular condylar fractures has always been a matter of debate and controversy. However, there are various approaches, but it is of utmost importance that the surgical procedure must guarantee maximum safety for the facial nerve with best cosmetic outcome and minimizing complications. This prospective study was designed to compare cervicomastoid and retromandibular extension of pre-auricular incision in transmasseteric anteroparotid approach for condylar fractures management.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere from November 2015 to May 2017, and a total of 16 condylar fractures were surgically accessed for the management and were divided into two groups, cervicomastoid (Group A) and retromandibular extension (Group B) for evaluating parameters such as to assess the access to condylar region, post-operative edema, cosmetic outcome, time taken to access and facial nerve injury.

RESULTS: Clinically the time taken was significantly less in the cervicomastoid group even though, there was no statistically significant difference regarding access to the fracture site, post-operative edema, facial nerve injury and cosmetic outcome between two groups.

CONCLUSION: In our opinion the anteroparotid transmasseteric approach is appropriate for surgical management of mandibular condylar fractures as it provides adequate access, ensures safety of the facial nerve and is relatively easy to master. We realize that rather both incisions are good, but cervicomastoid variant is better choice in many aspects one being time taken for the surgery because of better tissue laxity of neck skin when seen in comparison.

PMID:37534358 | PMC:PMC10390442 | DOI:10.1007/s12663-022-01807-1