Category: Nevin Manimala

Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Mar 6;51(1):394. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09320-z.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Tumor suppressor candidate 2 has shown to be deleted in lung, colon, and bladder cancer types. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the expression of TUSC2 in breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of thirty patients with breast cancer were included in the study. Normal and tumor tissue samples from fresh mastectomy materials were stored at -80 C until the number of cases was completed for gene expression analysis. Histopathological examination was carried out with routine hematoxylin & eosin method. TUSC2 staining was performed for immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTS: The tumors of thirteen patients were Luminal A, fourteen patients were Luminal B, one patient was cerbB2(+), and tumors of two patients were triple-negative. Ki67 proliferation index was less than 14% in fifteen cases and tumor size was less than 2 cm in seven cases. Lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis were present in thirteen cases. Statistically, TUSC2 expression significantly decreased or was lost in breast tumor tissues compared to normal tissues (p < 0.0001). TUSC2 expression decreased as the Ki67 proliferation index increased (p = 0.0003), and TUSC2 expression decreased as tumor size increased (p = 0.0483). The loss or decrease in the TUSC2 expression was significant as the tumor grade increased (p = 0.3740). Gene expression analysis correlated with immunohistochemistry results.

CONCLUSION: The results of the present study demonstrated a decrease or loss of TUSC2 expression in breast cancer tissue compared to normal tissue. A correlation was found between TUSC2 expression and Ki67 proliferation index and tumor size.

PMID:38446366 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-024-09320-z

Clin Auton Res. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s10286-024-01022-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Orthostasis increases the variability of continuously recorded blood pressure (BP). Low-frequency (LF) BP oscillations (Mayer waves) in this setting are related to the vascular-sympathetic baroreflex. Mechanisms of increased high-frequency (HF) BP oscillations at the periodicity of respiration during orthostasis have received less research attention. A previously reported patient with post-neurosurgical orthostatic hypotension (OH) and vascular-sympathetic baroreflex failure had large tilt-evoked, breathing-driven BP oscillations, suggesting that such oscillations can occur independently of vascular-sympathetic baroreflex modulation. In the present study we assessed effects of orthostasis on BP variability in the frequency domain in patient cohorts with or without OH.

METHODS: Power spectral analysis of systolic BP variability was conducted on recordings from 73 research participants, 42 with neurogenic OH [13 pure autonomic failure, 14 Parkinson’s disease (PD) with OH, 12 parkinsonian multiple system atrophy, and 3 status post-brainstem neurosurgery] and 31 without OH (control group of 16 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with PD lacking OH), before, during, and after 5′ of head-up tilt at 90 degrees from horizontal. The data were log transformed for statistical testing.

RESULTS: Across all subjects, head-up tilting increased HF power of systolic BP variability (p = 0.001), without a difference between the neurogenic OH and control groups. LF power during orthostasis was higher in the control than in the OH groups (p = 0.009).

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this observational cohort study confirm those based on our case report and lead us to propose that even in the setting of vascular-sympathetic baroreflex failure orthostasis increases HF power of BP variability.

PMID:38446362 | DOI:10.1007/s10286-024-01022-7

Clin Rheumatol. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s10067-024-06887-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report a statistical evaluation of symptomatology based on 56 cases of SAPHO syndrome and 352 non-SAPHO involvement cases, to propose a symptomatic scoring system in consideration of early warning for SAPHO syndrome.

METHODS: A cohort comprising 56 subjects diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome was reported, as well as 352 non-SAPHO involvement cases, including their chief complaints, skin manifestations, radiological findings, and laboratory tests. We systematically reviewed previous published five representative huge cohorts from different countries to conclude several specific features of SAPHO by comparing with our case series. The score of each specific index is based on respective incidence and comparison of two cohorts was performed.

RESULT: In terms of complaint rates, all subjects of two cohorts suffered from osseous pain, which appeared in the anterior chest wall, spine, and limb which were calculated. In respect to dermatological lesions, SAPHO patients suffered from severe acne, and other patients (82.14%) accompanied with palmoplantar pustulosis. Having received radiological examinations, most SAPHO subjects rather than non-SAPHO involvement cases showed abnormal osteoarticular lesions under CT scanning and more detailed information under whole-body bone scintigraphy. Differences also emerged in elevation of inflammation values and rheumatic markers like HLA-B27. Based on our cases and huge cohorts documented, the early warning standard is set to be 5 scores.

CONCLUSIONS: SAPHO syndrome case series with 56 subjects were reported and an accumulative scoring system for the early reminder on SAPHO syndrome was proposed. The threshold of this system is set to be 5 points. Key Points • Fifty-six patients diagnosed by SAPHO syndrome with detailed symptoms and radiological findings were reported. • Comparison was made between the 56 SAPHO patients and 352 non-SAPHO involvement cases. • An accumulative scoring system for the early reminder on SAPHO syndrome was proposed and the threshold of this system is set to be five points.

PMID:38446355 | DOI:10.1007/s10067-024-06887-7

Target Oncol. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s11523-024-01036-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Sacituzumab govitecan (TRODELVY^®) is a first-in-class trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2)-directed antibody and topoisomerase I inhibitor conjugate that is approved globally as monotherapy for the treatment of adults with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic, hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-; defined as immunohistochemistry 0, 1+ or 2+ and in situ hybridization-negative) breast cancer who have received endocrine-based therapy and ≥ 2 additional systemic therapies in the advanced setting. In the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial, intravenous sacituzumab govitecan demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival compared with physician’s choice of chemotherapy (capecitabine, eribulin, gemcitabine or vinorelbine) in adults with metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Sacituzumab govitecan had a generally manageable tolerability profile in these patients; the most common treatment-related grade ≥ 3 adverse events included neutropenia, diarrhoea, leukopenia, anaemia, fatigue and febrile neutropenia. Sacituzumab govitecan carries regulatory warnings for severe neutropenia and severe diarrhoea. Sacituzumab govitecan demonstrated an overall benefit in terms of health-related quality of life. Current evidence indicates that sacituzumab govitecan is an effective treatment option, with a generally manageable tolerability profile, for patients with pre-treated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer.

PMID:38446351 | DOI:10.1007/s11523-024-01036-1

Indian J Gastroenterol. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s12664-023-01509-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing globally. Gallstones (GS) and ascariasis are the major causes for acute pancreatitis in the Kashmiri population. In recent years, we have observed an increase in the admission rate of acute pancreatitis. Many patients who present first time as gallstone pancreatitis have asymptomatic gallstones. We aimed at studying the etiology and yearly admission rate of acute pancreatitis with main focus on gallstone pancreatitis and the contribution of asymptomatic gallstones.

METHODS: This was a hospital-based, prospective, observational study from January 2015 to December 2019 for a period of five years. Patients of acute pancreatitis were evaluated for etiology and yearly admission rate. Patients of gallstone pancreatitis were evaluated in terms of clinical profile, risk factors, nature (symptomatic/asymptomatic, known/unknown gallstones), size of stones, treatment and outcome in terms of severity and mortality. The data was analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, as mean (SD), frequencies and percentages.

RESULTS: As many as 702 (8.5%) patients of acute pancreatitis were admitted among 8245 gastrointestinal emergencies in five years. The yearly admission rate of acute pancreatitis was 5.6%, 7.3%, 8.7%, 9.5% and 10.3%, respectively (p = 0.013). Gallstones, Ascariasis, alcohol and idiopathic acute pancreatitis were 47.7%, 6.9%, 1.2% and 33.7%, respectively. Gallstone pancreatitis increased from 31% in 2015 to 52.4% in 2019 (p = 0.045) and ascariasis-related acute pancreatitis declined from 14.4% to 1.6% (p = 0.034). Asymptomatic gallstones constituted 87.7% of cases. Known/unknown asymptomatic gallstones and symptomatic gallstones were 24.4%, 63.2% and 12.2%, respectively. Gallstones < 5 mm and > 5 mm were76.1% and 23.8% respectively (p = 0.027). Cholecystectomy rate in index admission was 4.7%. Mild, moderate and severe gallstone pancreatitis was 60.2%, 18.8% and 20.8%, respectively. Mortality in gallstone pancreatitis was 10.4%.

CONCLUSION: The incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing due to gallstone pancreatitis. Ascariasis-related acute pancreatitis has declined. There is significant contribution of asymptomatic gallstones in patients who present for the first time as acute pancreatitis. Small gallstones < 5 mm are likely to be the risk factors for gallstone pancreatitis.

PMID:38446349 | DOI:10.1007/s12664-023-01509-7

Ir J Med Sci. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s11845-024-03645-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Liver cirrhosis affects 4.5 million adults in the United States (US). As more patients educate themselves online, we evaluated the accessibility, quality, understandability, accuracy, readability, and comprehensiveness (AQUA-RC) of online patient education materials for cirrhosis.

METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis using Google^® and YouTube^® on a cleared internet browser from 12 cities across the US. The authors independently reviewed the top 25 search results from each platform using search terms “liver cirrhosis” and “cirrhosis”. Accessibility was evaluated from twelve cities in six regions across the US. We evaluated resource quality using the DISCERN score, understandability using the PEMAT score, readability using the Flesch-Kinkaid score, and accuracy/comprehensiveness using a list of author-generated criteria. AQUA-RC was compared between 1) academic websites (AW) vs. non-academic websites (NAW), and 2) websites vs. YouTube^® videos.

RESULTS: 28 websites and 25 videos were included. Accessibility was equal across all regions. Websites had higher average quality scores than videos, although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.84). Websites were more understandable than videos (p < 0.00001). Both websites and videos were 100% accurate. Readability for websites was higher than recommended standards. Websites were more comprehensive than videos (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSION: Online patient education materials for cirrhosis in the US are equally accessible, but readability and understandability are too complex. Websites are of greater quality, accuracy, and comprehensiveness than YouTube videos, which are often narrowly focused and targeted at the medical community rather than patients. Further efforts should be made to improve online patient education and expand content across platforms.

PMID:38446347 | DOI:10.1007/s11845-024-03645-1

Ann Surg Oncol. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-15137-8. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:38446330 | DOI:10.1245/s10434-024-15137-8

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32761-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Sediments are the vital fate of organic compounds, and the recognition of organic compounds in sediments is constructive in providing comprehensive and long-term information. In this study, a three-step nontarget screening (NTS) analysis workflow using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) revealed the extensive existence of organic compounds in the Taipu River sediment. Organic compounds (705) were detected and divided into four structure-related groups or eight use-related classes. In the Taipu River’s mainstream, a significant difference was found in the composition profiles of the identified organic compounds among various sites, demonstrating the organic compounds were more abundant in the midstream and downstream than in the upstream. Meanwhile, the hydrodynamic force was recognized as a potential factor influencing organic compounds’ occurrence. Based on multiple statistical analyses, the shipping and textile printing industries were considered the significant contributors to the identified organic compounds. Considering the principles of the priority substances and the current status of the substances, two traditional pollutants and ten emerging organic compounds were recognized as the priority organic compounds for the Taipu River. Conclusively, this study established a workflow for NTS analysis of sediment samples and demonstrated the necessity of NTS analysis to evaluate the impact of terrestrial emissions of organic compounds on the aquatic environment.

PMID:38446294 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-32761-9

J Marital Fam Ther. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1111/jmft.12700. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study examined the association between congruence in the two partners’ perceptions and their relationship satisfaction. We considered congruence between metaperception and partner-perception (meta-partner) and between metaperceptions and self-rated personality (meta-self). The participants were 236 heterosexual couples. Each couple member reported couple satisfaction and personality traits (in terms of self-perception, partner-perception, and metaperception). The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) revealed that individuals who believed to be viewed by their partner as more agreeable, conscientious, or emotionally stable than their partner saw them, were less likely to have a partner who was satisfied with the relationship. When metaperceptions of “Agreeableness” were higher than self-perceptions, relationship satisfaction for both the actor and the partner was higher. These findings may help to guide therapeutic and clinical interventions aimed at promoting relationship satisfaction in the context of family and couple therapy.

PMID:38445569 | DOI:10.1111/jmft.12700

Hum Brain Mapp. 2024 Mar;45(4):e26640. doi: 10.1002/hbm.26640.

ABSTRACT

Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) are two widely used neuroimaging techniques for investigating brain anatomy. These techniques rely on statistical inferences at individual points (voxels or vertices), clusters of points, or a priori regions-of-interest. They are powerful tools for describing brain anatomy, but offer little insights into the generative processes that shape a particular set of findings. Moreover, they are restricted to a single spatial resolution scale, precluding the opportunity to distinguish anatomical variations that are expressed across multiple scales. Drawing on concepts from classical physics, here we develop an approach, called mode-based morphometry (MBM), that can describe any empirical map of anatomical variations in terms of the fundamental, resonant modes-eigenmodes-of brain anatomy, each tied to a specific spatial scale. Hence, MBM naturally yields a multiscale characterization of the empirical map, affording new opportunities for investigating the spatial frequency content of neuroanatomical variability. Using simulated and empirical data, we show that the validity and reliability of MBM are either comparable or superior to classical vertex-based SBM for capturing differences in cortical thickness maps between two experimental groups. Our approach thus offers a robust, accurate, and informative method for characterizing empirical maps of neuroanatomical variability that can be directly linked to a generative physical process.

PMID:38445545 | DOI:10.1002/hbm.26640