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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Impact of thermal desorption tubes on the variability of exhaled breath data

J Breath Res. 2023 Dec 14. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad15a3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Due to the overall low abundance of volatile compounds in exhaled breath, it is necessary to preconcentrate the sample prior to traditional thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) analysis. While certain aspects of thermal desorption tubes, such as volatile storage, have been evaluated, many aspects remain uncharacterized. Two common thermal desorption tubes, Tenax TA and Biomonitoring 5TD tubes, were evaluated for background content and flow rate variability. The data illustrate that the Biomonitoring 5TD tubes have the highest number (23) and abundance of background contamination greater than 3x the mean noise when compared to Tenax TA (13) and empty tubes (9). Tentative identifications of the compounds in the background contamination experiment show that greater than 59% (16/27) of the compounds identified have been reported in the breath literature. The data illustrate the TD tube background abundance could account for more than 70% of the chromatographic signal from exhaled breath for these select compounds. Flow rate measurements of 200 Tenax TA and 200 Biomonitoring 5TD tubes show a large range in measured flow rates among the TD tubes (Tenax: 252.9-284.0mL min-1, 5TD: 220.6-255.1mL min-1). Finally, TD tubes of each type, Tenax TA and Biomonitoring 5TD, previously established to have high, medium, and low flow rates, show insignificant differences (p>0.05) among the tubes of different flow rates, using both gas standards and an exhaled breath from a peppermint experiment. Collectively, these results establish overall background compounds attributed to each TD tube type tested. Additionally, while measured flow rate variability is present and plausibly impacts exhaled breath results, the data demonstrate no statistically significant difference was observed between tubes showing high, medium, and low flow rates from two separate sample types.

PMID:38096565 | DOI:10.1088/1752-7163/ad15a3

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

METASTATIC NODULAR MELANOMA DEVELOPING ON NEVUS SPILUS DURING INTAKE OF BETA BLOCKERS (BISOPROLOL/NEBIVOLOL) AND ACE INHIBITORS (PERINDOPRIL). POTENTIAL LINKS TО THE DRUG RELATED NITROSOGENESIS/CARCINOGENESIS, DUNNING-KRUGER EFFECT AND GENETIC WEAPONS OF THE NEW GENERATION

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):172-178.

ABSTRACT

Drug-induced Nitrosogenesis/Carcinogenesis turns out to be a ubiquitous, pervasive, large-scale, poorly controllable concept for the academic community, which underlies the long-term, permanent modification of the human genome by contact with nitrosamines/NDSRIs, which ultimately leads to the generation of diverse cancers, but also melanoma in particular. The discovery of a (currently) unclassifiable number of nitroso derivatives/genome modifiers in the most commonly distributed drugs worldwide (in about 300 preparations according to the FDA/includes beta blockers/bisoprolol/nebivolol and ACE inhibitors/perindopril), their forced tolerability, attributed as a necessity or lack of alternative also to the present (but also to future periods), and their proven carcinogenicity (already 70 years ago), suggest a kind of creepy form of experiment to which public health is subjected worldwide. The creation of a universal nitroso-comfort of pharmaceutical companies and the regulation of a permanent intake of carcinogens in drugs for years to come, but also decades back, suggest possible cartel agreements between the regulation/distribution unit and that of production cycles. These “agreements” are becoming increasingly evident and in all likelihood position nitrosogenesis from a until recently unknown element, to a pathogenetic factor of paramount importance. Melanoma could be viewed precisely as the controlled end gene-modified product of drug-mediated nitrosogenesis/carcinogenesis, proven to be a locoregional (but not only) phenomenon hundreds if not thousands of times. The dilemma stays: Are the nitrosamines in drugs genetic weapons, ethnic bioweapons for silent war ? The nitrosogenesis concerning melanoma leads to the logical conclusion that cancer is in fact a largely controlled set event or, according to others, a forced necessity of evolutionary globalization processes to purge the population in certain regions. In favor of this statement indicative are namely: 1) lack of regulatory control/results of such conducted, 2) complete information veil for the end user regarding contamination with carcinogens/nitrosamines in certain batches or all batches of drugs, 3) misinformation and lack of transparency regarding the concept of nitrosogenesis also for the academic community, as well as 4) the impunity to pharmaceutical conglomerates after criminal negligence/controlled criminogenicity proven thousands of times by the FDA/EMA leading to regulatory controlled drug mediated genocide of the human population in certain areas on a daily basis. And most important of all: 5) the lack of refusal to eliminate these drugs, i.e. – the imposition of forced tolerance at any cost. It is extremely unfortunate that the mentioned and identified grotesque/situation, its tolerance on a global scale, lead to a misjudgement of the significance of real tumor inducers within the global health map//statistics as well as melanoma. The focus of prevention is being displaced, while the incidence of cancer in general and that of melanoma is skyrocketing. Nitrosamines could be defined as the newest, modern, until recently invisible and unknown, but -controllable form of genetic weapon to modify the human genome. Because of these very facts, the likelihood that clinicians and the academic community are in the frozen and permanent state of the Dunning-Kruger effect is very real. Certain globalization regulatory elements create problems and assignments that must be solved ˝competently˝ by incompetent, fully regulatable compartments. As their state of competence depends again and entirely on ˝their incompetence˝. Until now. After the formalization of the concept of Nitrosogenesis (as a form of genetic weapon) and melanoma for example, but not only, it remains to be seen whether universal incompetence will become a guarantee of competence and the survival. Or- will it remain again at the level of globalized, criminally conditioned, appointed and regulated from above “competent incompetence”. The dilemmas to regulators and manufacturers remain open : Is it competent to take drugs that contain carcinogens/nitrosamines? Is it competent for this issue to continue for decades with impunity? Is it competent for regulators not to inform consumers about the presence of carcinogens/genome modifiers in medicines for decades? Is it competent for certain regions to be affected by nitrosamine contamination and not others? Is it competent not to reflect this in regional and global health bulletins on side effects? Is it competent to make thousands of times the profits from the modified genetic map business, regulated and legally initiated through the intake of carcinogens? Is it competent to have the concentration of carcinogens within polymedication exceeding many times the daily allowable doses of carcinogens and have no solution for this? Is it competent, when the intake of nitrosamines in medicines is associated with the generation of melanomas and heterogeneous cancers- to have no alternative to this or when one is available- to conceal it skillfully? Is it competent to determine carcinogenic activity based on mutagenic tests? Is it competent to be polyincompetent within a framework of mass (in)competence? We report systemically administered drugs for the treatment of high blood pressure from the group of beta blockers (bisoprolol/nebivolol) and ACE inhibitors (perindopril) that have been identified by regulators in the face of FDA as hypothetically contaminated with nitrosamines/NDSRIs with a carcinogenic potency between 4 and 5, respectively. Within this cumulative intake, (which according to the regulators was not at risk of developing cancerous forms), similar to other cases in the world literature, the patient developed a relatively short-term, metastatic nevus spilus-based nodular melanoma. The paper analyses not only the role of nitrosogenesis, but also that of two pregnancies and painful sunburns as potential cofactors for melanoma genesis. Academic attention is drawn to the potential impact of drug-mediated nitrosogenesis/carcinogenesis. Nitrosamines in the framework of polycontamination and polymedication could also be identified as one of the most effective, until recently unknown, modern generation genetic weapons for modifying the human genome and controlling cancer. Moreover, they could be controllably applied and skillfully targeted. At least until now. The officialization of carcinogens in more than 250 of the most common drugs and the clinico-pathological correlations concerning the development of cancer/melanoma in poorly controlled geographical regions represent a kind of in vivo prospective study to determine precisely the real carcinogenic role of nitrosamines to date.

PMID:38096536

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

EXPLORING CLINICAL VARIATIONS AND CO-MORBID TRENDS IN PD-MCI GROUPS

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):165-171.

ABSTRACT

Parkinson’s Disease in Mild Cognitive Impairment (PD-MCI) is a complex condition characterized by a variety of cognitive problems that coexist with the physical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study aims to examine the different medical indicators and associated tendencies among different PD-MCI groups. We investigated 132 people who had been given PD-MCI diagnoses. Utilizing SPSS, statistical evaluations are carried out. In overall PD-MCI variants, this investigation found that visuospatial ability and attentional/executive performance are the most impaired cognitive areas. It was also noticed that distinct PD-MCI groups had variances in their neurological characteristics, in multi domain amnesia (Non-Memory) PD-MCI patients exhibiting especially severe issues with unstable posture and walking. The intricacy of PD- Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is highlighted by those results, which also imply that the interplay between mental and physical signs may be controlled by a number of interrelated factors, such as particular cognitive areas, brain surfaces, and the general level of cognitive impairment.

PMID:38096535

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

FACTORS OF AGGRESSION AT THE STAGES OF OPEN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SEVERE FORMS OF PERITONITIS

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):139-143.

ABSTRACT

There are many unresolved questions regarding the features of surgical aggression in the open method of treatment of severe forms of peritonitis. There are isolated publications in the literature on the risk features of these interventions, despite the high prevalence of the problem. The purpose of this study was to study the features of surgical aggression in the open method of treatment of severe forms of peritonitis. The study included 205 patients with severe forms of purulent peritonitis treated at the Emergency Hospital in Aktobe (n=205). To assess the factors of surgical aggression, the reliability of the results was evaluated by variational statistics according to the Student’s t-criterion, taking into account the degree of freedom, at p<0.05 and p<0.01, with the calculation of arithmetic averages and their average errors (M+m). The data are presented as an average value±standard deviation or median and percentiles, p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the frequency of repeated laparosanation surgical interventions in one patient was 2.8±0.3 times against the background of purulent-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity, a high degree of stress index of the regulatory systems of the body during sanitation was revealed – up to 1460.9±101.5 units, postural reactions of blood circulation and respiration in 7.55% and metabolic disorders homeostasis. Aggressive factors affecting patients and causing the risk of multiple laparosanation interventions at the stages of open surgical treatment of severe forms of peritonitis have been identified. The data obtained can be used to develop therapeutic and preventive measures to improve the results of treatment of severe peritonitis.

PMID:38096531

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNE STATUS IN THE PRESENCE OF SECONDARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY OF INFECTIOUS AND NON-INFECTIOUS ORIGIN IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):127-133.

ABSTRACT

The design of studies on the immune system does not have gender peculiarities, but the information about the higher frequency of pathology of the female reproductive system in the presence of immunodeficiency condition determines the purpose of this study, namely, to identify the features of immune status in the presence of secondary immunodeficiency of infectious (i.e., HIV infection, AIDS stage) and non-infectious origin (alcohol dependence syndrome) and their combination in women of reproductive age. The material for the study of cellular and humoral immunity was a lymphocyte suspension obtained by centrifugation of peripheral blood (taken within 12 hours after death) in women of reproductive age with HIV infection (AIDS stage), alcohol dependence syndrome and their combination. Immunological examination included the determination of quantitative indicators of cellular immunity using monoclonal antibodies: T-lymphocytes (CD3) and their main subpopulations of T-helper cells (CD4), cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8), CD4/CD8 immunoregulatory index; as well as indicators of humoral immunity: B-lymphocytes (CD19) and immunoglobulins of the main classes (IgA, IgG, IgM). Additionally, interleukins IL-6 and IL-10 were studied to determine the parameters of the cytokine profile. The study indicates that the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in the group of deceased women with alcohol dependence syndrome was 3.6±0.38×109/l and 0.82±0.35×109/l; in deceased women with HIV/AIDS, these indicators were reduced – 2.9±0.03×109/l and 0.39±0.04×109/l, respectively; and in deceased women with combined pathology (AIDS and alcohol dependence syndrome), they were reduced even more intensively – 2.7±0.04×109/l and 0.35±0.06×109/l (p<0.01). Compared to the control group – 5.22±0.4×109/l and 1.73±0.21×109/l – the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes was reduced in all study groups. In the group of deceased women with alcohol dependence syndrome, significant impairments in the proliferative activity of T-lymphocytes (CD3) and their subpopulation (CD4), as well as B lymphocytes (CD19) and natural killer cells (CD16) were found compared to the group of healthy individuals. Thus, in the control group, the percentage, and absolute values of CD3 were 60.37±4.2% and 1.04±0.05×106/l, and in women suffering from chronic alcoholism, they were statistically significantly lower – 49.1±3.1% and 0.42±0.08×106/l, respectively, p<0.01. The same tendency was found when comparing the values of T-helper cells (CD4) in the control group (44.2±2.9% and 0.76±0.13×106/l) and in deceased patients suffering from chronic alcoholism (33.7±4.6% and 0.28±0.23×106/l), p<0.01. Secondary immunodeficiencies of infectious and non-infectious origin in women (in particular, those formed in HIV/AIDS, alcohol dependence syndrome and their combination) are characterized by negative changes in the cellular and humoral components of the immune system, as evidenced by the presence of transient immunodeficiency, activation of cytolytic and auto aggressive reactions. As a result of these processes, systemic and organ pathology develops, in particular, weakening of the body’s resistance to various infections and pathological changes in organs and tissues, which may be one of the links in the development of pathological processes in internal organs and tissues.

PMID:38096529

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

EFFECT OF INHALED OXYGEN CONCENTRATION ON PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE DURING OFF-PUMP CORONARY BYPASS GRAFTING

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):84-90.

ABSTRACT

Aim of study – supra-physiologic level of PaO2, securing oxygen reserves and preventing perioperative hypoxia, may offset the reduced oxygen delivery during cardiac surgery. However, high FiO2 will speed up gas absorption in low V/Q regions, promote atelectasis formation and increase pulmonary shunt fraction. PaO2/FiO2, P(a-Et)CO2 and PEtCO2/PaCO2 are the variables linked to CO2 and O2 exchange impairment. The aim of our study was to assess pulmonary gas exchange performance while ventilating patients with different FiO2 during OPCABG. The seventy patients were randomly equally distributed in two groups: H (High) and L (Low). The patients in the group H were ventilated with FiO2 0.8 and the patients in the group L _ with FiO2 0.5. PaO2/FiO2 ratio, P(a-Et)CO2 gradient and PEtCO2/PaCO2 ratio were checked at the start and the end points of operations. PaO2/FiO2 decreased, P(a-Et)CO2 increased and PaCO2/PEtCO2 decreased at the end of operations compared with the start values in both groups. PaO2/FiO2, P(a-Et)CO2 and PaCO2/PEtCO2 ware different between H and L groups. The difference became statistically significant at the end of operations. (PaO2/FiO2 326±65 vs 290±63 p=0.020; P(a-Et)CO2 5.7±2.3 mmHg vs 7.5±2.4 mmHg p=0.003; PaCO2/PEtCO2 0.84±0.05 vs 0.80±0.06 p=0.001). The groups were comparable according to the outcomes such as hemodynamic and laboratory data, duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay. FiO2 0.8 was associated with more derangements of pulmonary gas exchange compared with FiO2 0.5. Although FiO2 did not have an impact on the outcomes we studied, using FiO2 0.5 seems to be safer in patients undergoing OPCABG.

PMID:38096522

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

EVALUATION OF FETUIN-A LEVEL IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ASPROSIN AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):63-66.

ABSTRACT

An ovarian cyst is a common hormonal disorder that affects the ovaries in females of reproductive age. Environmental and genetic factors may contribute to the beginning of the disease, although the lack of a clear aetiology. Menstrual irregularities, increased hair growth, and acne are some of the most important signs. In order to control symptoms and prevent the development of chronic medical disorders, early identification is essential. The goal of this study was to assess fetuin-A levels and relationships in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. The connection between fetuin-A and asprosin and several biochemical parameters, including fasting blood sugar, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides in women patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Ninety females were included in the trial; 60 individuals (females) were selected who were diagnosed with PCOS by a gynaecological specialist and ranged in age from 15 to 45. The result was a change in the ovulation-inducing hormones LH and FSH as well as an increase in the proteins fetuin-A and Asprosin. On the other hand, 30 individuals (all female) were used as a control group. Their ages were recorded as well as the fact that they did not have PCOS. For all groups, laboratory tests were done to determine the levels of fetuin-A, Asprosin, fasting blood sugar, Insulin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. For parents and a control group, investigators performed an asprosin analysis, The findings of the comparison were statistically not significant (P value=0.115). performed a Fetuin-A analysis as well, the results were statistically highly significant with a P value of 0.0002 when compared to the outcomes of the two sick groups and the healthy controls.

PMID:38096518

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND PREVALENCE OF POSSIBLE OSTEOPOROTIC CHANGES IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN YEREVAN BASED ON DATA OF THE ECOS-16 QUESTIONNAIRE

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):44-49.

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to conduct approximate assessment of the prevalence of osteoporotic changes and evaluate quality of life (QoL) in postmenopausal women using ECOS-16 questionnaire in Yerevan city. The cross-sectional survey was conducted for data collection among 196 postmenopausal women. The research material about QoL was collected using ECOS-16 questionnaire. The sample was randomly selected through a two-stage cluster sampling from the population of women served by five policlinics of Yerevan. The majority of surveyed women (70.3%) were in age group under 60. Slightly more than half of the study participants (57.7%) had higher education and worked (59.2%). Almost two thirds of respondents were married (65.3%). Half of the respondents (51.0%) noted their income at the subsistence level. 71.9%±3.21 of women reported back pain for a long time. The scores of all the scales of ECOS-16, as well the total score were significantly higher in women who reported chronic back pain, indicating a lower quality of life for them. Women in age group under 60 years old, as well as women indicating absence of risk factors at workplaces, had significantly higher quality of life. A statistically significant difference was also observed between groups of women based on such social and demographic characteristics, as marital status, and average monthly income level. Pairwise comparison of groups based on these characteristics revealed a higher quality of life among married women compared to widows (p=0.043) and among women with income higher and at the subsistence level compared to the group of women with income below the subsistence level (p= 0.010). Poor QoL was associated with low self-reported health status and presence of chronic diseases in women. Pairwise post-hoc analysis showed lower level of QoL in the study participants with a below average/low level of health compared to both, those with above average (p<0.001) and average (p<0.001) level of health. QoL was also lower in women with four or more chronic diseases compared to both, women without chronic diseases (p=0.001) and the group of women with 1-3 diseases (p=0.001). The prevalence of chronic back pain, which was considered as one of the manifestations of undiagnosed osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, was quite high. The scores calculated for all dimensions of ECOS-16 questionnaire, as well the total score indicated lower quality of life among women reported chronic back pain compared to those who did not have such a health problem. Age older 60, spouse’s demise, income below the subsistence level, smoking, presence of risk factors at workplace, as well as poor self-reported health status, and presence of chronic diseases were the factors negatively affected the QoL of surveyed women.

PMID:38096514

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

CORRELATES OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS CHARACTERISTICS IN MILITARY PERSONNEL

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):33-37.

ABSTRACT

Atopic dermatitis, despite its relatively wide distribution and low severity, was statistically often a disqualification condition for military service. The aim of our study is to determine correlations between characteristics of atopic dermatitis in military personnel. 144 people with atopic dermatitis were under our observation, 78 of them military personnel, 26 military family members and 40 civilians, 62 men and 82 women. We studied the following characteristics: gender, age, marital status, education, social status, place of service location, genetic anamnesis, recurrence during the year, laboratory indicators of attached infections, focus of localization, other skin diseases, comorbidities, compliance with hygienic conditions, wearing a military uniform, the frequency of changing bed linen. 3-5 times recurrence a year shows a reliable positive correlation with: wearing a uniform for 12-24 hours, SSA/eosinophilia, mycosis, pathology of the respiratory system, military personnel. Staphylococcus aureus is associated with other infections – St. hominis, fungus, also shows a reliable positive correlation: localization on the face and torso, wearing the uniform for 1 week and more. Staphylococcus hominis shows a reliable positive correlation: localization – torso, wearing uniform for 1 week or more,y. Shows a reliable positive correlation with fungus: localization scalp, neck, lower limb, military serviceman; reliable positive correlation with SSA/eosinophilia: increased IgE, localization on the upper limbs, mycosis, change of bed linen – once every 2 weeks; IgE – localization of dermatosis on the upper limbs and torso area, pathology of the digestive system, changing bed linen once every 2 weeks, military serviceman. It shows a reliable positive correlation with helminthiasis: Localization on the genitals, mycosis, pathology of the digestive system, change of bed linen once a month. Development and recurrence of atopic dermatitis in military personnel correlates with living conditions and infections. Determining the differences between civilian and military patient populations will allow clinicians to better investigate the risk factors that predispose to the manifestation of dermatitis in the military.

PMID:38096512

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

ON THE RESULTS OF A SYSTEMIC MULTIFACTOR ANALYSIS WITH MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE INDICATORS OF MEDICAL EXPERTISE OF YOUNG MALES WITH SURGICAL DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA

Georgian Med News. 2023 Oct;(343):6-13.

ABSTRACT

Medical aspects of the organization of replenishment of the Armed Forces with healthy and physically strong personnel are of great importance, and the deficit in the number of conscripts and their low-quality condition have become one of the main and important problems for the Armed Forces. The aim of the study was to improve the medical care of male conscripts aged 18-27 years by revealing the regularities and peculiarities of the expert assessment of surgical diseases among this category of young men on the basis of mathematical modeling. The object of the research was the study of the names of surgical profile articles, according to which these people were recognized as unfit or restricted fit for service, and the results of military medical expertise. Descriptive, social, and statistical methods were applied in the course of the study. The final stage was to conduct a systemic multifactor analysis in order to obtain a mathematical model of the process under study. The values of the influence coefficients of the mentioned indicators for 2013-2019 on the obtained mathematical models from the point of view of military-medical expertise of young men with surgical diseases both in the Republic of Armenia as a whole and in its separate regions are presented. Summarizing, it can be stated that from the point of view of military-medical expertise of young men with surgical diseases it is impossible to consider Yerevan city and the regions of RA as separate parts of the Republic of Armenia. Yerevan and the regions of the Republic of Armenia as separate parts, as they appear as a single whole according to the results of systemic multifactor analysis with mathematical modeling.

PMID:38096507