Category: Nevin Manimala

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 11;62(3):187-192. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250619-00279.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the correlation between macular edema and the anterior chamber angle status in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods: A retrospective case series analysis was adopted. Consecutive RVO patients treated at the Ophthalmology Department of Peking University Third Hospital from October 2011 to May 2013 were included. All patients underwent fluorescein fundus angiography for RVO classification. They were divided into the macular edema and non-macular edema groups based on the angiography results. Static and dynamic gonioscopy were performed to determine the anterior chamber angle status. The statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t-test, Welch’s t-test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the occurrence of macular edema by calculating odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 308 RVO patients (308 eyes) who completed all required examinations were included in the study, consisting of 155 males and 153 females, with a mean age of (58.78±14.45) years. Among them, 59 cases (19.16%) had angle closure, while 249 cases (80.84%) had open angles; 221 patients had macular edema (71.75%). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the main risk factor for the development of macular edema in eyes with RVO was angle closure (odds ratio=2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.23-6.05, P=0.018), while other factors such as age, gender, eye laterality, intraocular pressure, type of RVO, and cup-to-disc ratio showed no statistically significant association (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The risk of macular edema is significantly higher in RVO patients with angle closure compared to those with open angles.

PMID:41820063 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250619-00279

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 17;106(10):934-940. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20251226-03425-1.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR) against rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in children using a propensity score-matched (PSM) test-negative case-control design. Methods: Based on electronic health records from medical institutions and the National Immunization Program Information System, demographic information, disease diagnoses, rotavirus pathogen test results, and rotavirus vaccination details (vaccine type, number of doses, dates) were collected for acute gastroenteritis cases aged 2 months to 4 years in Chaoyang District (Beijing), Guangdong Province, and Wuhan City (Hubei Province) from 2020 to 2024. Patients were divided into a case group (rotavirus-positive) and a control group (rotavirus-negative) based on etiological test results, and vaccination proportions were calculated for each group. To reduce effects of confounding factors, a PSM test-negative case-control design was employed. The VE of LLR against different clinical outcomes was calculated using a conditional logistic regression model, and the VE of LLR against healthcare visits for rotavirus infection across different age groups was calculated using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: A total of 16 460 children with acute gastroenteritis aged 2 months to 4 years were collected, with an age [M (Q₁, Q₃)] of 1.4 (0.7, 2.7) years, and 9 713 (59.01%) were male. The number of children who received 1, 2, and 3 doses of LLR was 2 391 (14.53%), 894 (5.43%), and 180 (1.09%) cases, respectively. There were 1 799 cases (10.93%) in the case group. Among them, the majority were from Hubei Province (953 cases, 52.97%), with a visiting age of 2-4 years (947 cases, 52.64%), males (1 082 cases, 60.14%), in the outpatient department (1 430 cases, 79.49%), with a visiting month of April (574 cases, 18.73%), and with 0 doses of vaccination (1 523 cases, 84.66%). There were statistically significant differences in province, age, case type, month of visit and dose of vaccination between the case and the control groups (P<0.001). After PSM matching, the VE (95%CI) of 1-dose and 2-dose LLR against the RVGE visits were 55.66% (45.83%-63.71%) and 59.37% (45.48%-69.72%), respectively, and for RVGE hospitalizations were 63.87% (38.96%-78.62%) and 82.95% (58.37%-93.01%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models analysis showed that among the RVGE visits, the VE of children aged 2 months to 1 year and 1 to 2 years after one dose of LLR was greater than that of children aged 2-4 years [54.96% (16.42%-78.62%) vs 59.29% (45.69%-69.98%) vs 49.53% (37.22%-59.75%), all P<0.001]. Conclusions: LLR has a good protective effect on children aged 2 months to 4 years. Two doses provide better protection against rotavirus infection, especially for hospitalized patients with RVGE and children under 2 years old.

PMID:41820057 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20251226-03425-1

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 17;106(10):912-918. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20251208-03229.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the effect of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods: The medical records of patients undergoing elective OPCABG at Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, between September 2021 and October 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age ≥65 years, body mass index (BMI) of 18 to 30 kg/m², and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Patients were allocated to either the sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution group or the compound electrolyte solution group (control group) based on the type of intraoperative crystalloid administered. Potential confounders were adjusted using propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariable logistic regression models. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI within 7 days postoperatively. Results: A total of 868 patients aged (69±5) years were included in the final analysis, with 591 males and 277 females. Postoperative AKI occurred in 105 patients (12.1%). After PSM, there were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics and intraoperative variables between the two groups (all P>0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated that, intraoperative use of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution was a protective factor against postoperative AKI following OPCABG (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.28-0.97, P=0.040). Conclusion: Compared with compound electrolyte solution, use of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution during surgery is associated with a lower risk of AKI after OPCABG.

PMID:41820054 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20251208-03229

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 12;49(3):324-328. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250711-00401.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CT-guided interventional treatment for subglottic tracheal atresia performed with a rigid bronchoscope. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic and treatment processes, and clinical outcomes of eight patients with subglottic tracheal atresia who were admitted to the Emergency General Hospital from January 2021 to May 2025. Therapeutic efficacy before and after tracheal recanalization was compared. Procedure-related complications at 1 week and 1 month after stent placement were analyzed, and the timing of stent removal was recorded. Results: Among the eight patients, silicone stents were successfully placed in two cases, Montgomery T-tubes in five cases, and a metal tracheal cannula was maintained in one patient after tracheal recanalization. After the operation, all eight patients could breathe through the nose and resume normal pronunciation. The degree of lumen stenosis after the operation was from 30% to 80%, with a mean of (51.3±16.4)%, indicating successful recanalization of the atretic trachea (z=-2.536, P<0.05). There were no complications such as tracheal perforation, subcutaneous emphysema, or massive hemorrhage during and after the tracheal recanalization. There were no statistically significant differences in the relevant complications 1 week and 1 month after the placement of the Montgomery T-tube, silicone stent, and metal tracheostomy cannula (P>0.05). The patients were followed up for 2-30 (11.6±9.0) months, and the T-tubes were successfully removed in two cases. Conclusion: CT-guided interventional treatment of subglottic tracheal atresia using a rigid bronchoscope is a minimally invasive, effective, and safe therapeutic approach.

PMID:41820039 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250711-00401

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2026 Mar 12;49(3):317-323. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250610-00314.

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a modified balloon pulmonary angioplasty(BPA) procedure in the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension who underwent Modified BPA at the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine in Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2021 and May 2024. The study comprised 21 patients, including 5 males and 16 females, who successfully underwent the scheduled six BPA surgical sessions, totaling 126 individual cases. Results: All surgeries were guided by pressure guidewires. Three patients exhibited mild hemoptysis during the procedure, while two experienced mild pulmonary edema in the postoperative phase. There were no fatalities. Compared to the baseline, significant improvements were observed in indicators such as mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and cardiac index following the surgical treatment course for all patients. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.001) as measured by right heart catheterization. Three months post-treatment, there was a marked improvement in cardiac function classification (WHO FC), 6-minute walking distance, and NT-proBNP levels compared to the baseline, with these differences also being statistically significant (P<0.001). Additionally, significant enhancements were noted in the right atrial area, estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), all of which exhibited statistically significant differences (P<0.001). Conclusions: The modified BPA procedure significantly improves the structure of the right heart, cardiac function, and hemodynamics in patients suffering from chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This intervention is not only safe but also highly effective, positioning it as an exceptional therapeutic option for patients with CTEPH.

PMID:41820038 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250610-00314

Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2026 Mar;9(3):e70507. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.70507.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The malignant glioma, as the most common and aggressive primary brain and spinal cord neoplasm, has shown limited responsiveness to available treatments, including tumor dissection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Thus, interferon type I, as a supplemental therapy, is added to the main therapies to overcome neoplasm resistance and prolong the patients’ lifespan.

METHODS: To clarify the effects of interferon adjuvant therapy on the lifespan and complications of glioma patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching valid databases, scanning, and screening full texts based on a predefined protocol for the study.

RESULTS: Seven studies were eligible for data synthesis and analysis. Lifespan, tumor progression, adverse events, and genetic factors were studied and analyzed in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The median overall survival (OS) and median progression-free survival (PFS) were increased as a result of the supplemental therapy. However, only the median OS was significantly improved (OS: HR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.58, 0.96]; p = 0.02/PFS: HR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.74, 1.18]; p = 0.56). Additionally, interferon adjuvant therapy could affect the toxic events of alkylating drugs; Flu-like and neurological events were significantly exacerbated (odds ratio = 3.31, 95% CI [1.20, 9.08]; p = 0.02, odds ratio = 6.15, 95% CI [2.20, 17.22]; p = 0.0005), while dermatological events were effectively alleviated as a result of interferon therapy (odds ratio = 0.29, 95% CI [0.10, 0.84]; p = 0.02). Variation of the hematological and hepatic events was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% CI [0.52, 2.17]; p = 0.87, odds ratio = 1.06, 95% CI [0.67, 1.66]; p = 0.81).

CONCLUSION: Despite the development of a few adverse events, interferon type I supplemental therapy in combination with radiation and chemotherapy could significantly extend the lifespan of glioma patients.

PMID:41820027 | DOI:10.1002/cnr2.70507

Ren Fail. 2026 Dec;48(1):2641970. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2641970. Epub 2026 Mar 12.

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disease, particularly sudden cardiac death, remains a major challenge in dialysis patients whose hearts experience ongoing structural, electrophysiological, and neurohormonal stress. Among these alterations, QT interval prolongation-reflecting an imbalance in autonomic regulation-is closely associated with arrhythmic risk. Yet, its long-term trajectory in hemodialysis patients has not been systematically examined. In this study, we evaluated heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) intervals at 1, 4, 7, and 10 years after hemodialysis (HD) initiation in 80 patients. ECGs were obtained immediately before HD sessions, and QTc was calculated using the Bazett formula. Although an overall increasing trend was observed, a statistically significant prolongation was detected only at 10 years by Dunnett-type multiple comparison. These findings provide new insight into the gradual nature of QTc progression in HD patients and may contribute to improved cardiovascular risk stratification in clinical practice.

PMID:41820013 | DOI:10.1080/0886022X.2026.2641970

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2026 Jan;55(1):92-97. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.016.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on metabolic indexes and body composition.

METHODS: Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were recruited in March 2024 in some communities in Haidian District, Beijing, and randomly assigned to the one-year and seven-year Liupao tea aging groups to receive the tea drinking intervention, with a dose of 6 g/d per person, which was brewed with 250 mL of boiled water for 30-45 seconds in the morning of each day and then consumed. Before and three months after tea drinking, fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level was measured, and the subjects&apos; body composition indexes such as protein, body fat mass, and muscle mass were measured by using IOI353 Body Composition Analyser. Using the international common scale, the subjects&apos; sleep and appetite were measured before and after the intervention. Compared the effects of Liupao tea of different aging years on the metabolic indexes, body composition and sleep of the subjects.

RESULTS: After three months of intervention, the metabolic indexes of the subjects&apos; LDL-C cholesterol level decreased by 0.21 mmol/L(P&lt;0.05), the HDL-C cholesterol level increased by 0.05 mmol/L(P&lt;0.05), the total cholesterol level of those with abnormal levels decreased by 0.34 mmol/L(P&lt;0.05). The level of those with abnormal blood pressure decreased from 138.6/82.3 mmHg to 123.4/77.4 mmHg(P&lt;0.05). In the body composition index, BMI decreased from(25.4±2.9) to(24.8±2.7)(P&lt;0.05), muscle mass increased from 40.3(37.1, 46.4) kg to 40.7(37.2, 47.0)kg(P&lt;0.05), body fat decreased from(21.5±4.9)kg to(19.7±4.6)kg(P&lt;0.05), and other parts of the body composition indexes such as protein also improved. The body fat decreased from(21.5±4.9)kg to(19.7±4.6)kg(P&lt;0.05), and other body composition indicators such as protein also improved; the anxiety symptoms of the subjects also improved after 3 months of drinking tea(P&lt;0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on the metabolic indexes and body composition of the subjects.

CONCLUSION: The health effects of drinking Liupao tea water such as lipid-lowering and muscle building were significant, but there was no significant difference in the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on the population.

PMID:41820002 | DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.016

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2026 Jan;55(1):51-66. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.010.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity among adult residents aged 18 years and older in six regions of Guizhou Province in 2023.

METHODS: The data were derived from the 2023 China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort Survey in Guizhou Province, which used a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method to identify the survey population, and the questionnaire was used to collect basic personal information and dietary data on food frequency, and the physical examination was used to collect data on height and weight. The Chi-Square test was used to compare the differences in the proportion of obese people among different characteristics, and the Wilcoxon rank test was used to compare the differences in energy intake between obese and non-obese people; dietary patterns were established based on exploratory factor analysis, and factor scores were categorized into five categories at the quartile level(Q1-Q5); and binary Logistic regression was used to conduct the analysis of associations between different dietary patterns and obesity.

RESULTS: A total of 730 adult residents were included in the analysis of this study, and the obese population amounted to 129(17.67%), of which, males(18.54%), 45-59-year-olds(18.66%), rural population(19.28%), junior high school-educated population(21.67%), smokers(20.63%), alcohol-drinking population(20.90%), moderate physical activity population(19.54%) had a higher prevalence of obesity, but none of the differences were statistically significant. Three types of dietary patterns were established by exploratory factor analysis, namely, non-meat-balanced pattern, salted vegetables-fermented soybean products-meat-rice&amp;noodles pattern, and high salt-oil-sugar pattern. The result of multi-factorial Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, region, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and energy intake, the salted vegetable-fermented soybean product-meat-rice&amp;noodle pattern(Q4 vs. Q1: OR=2.574, 95% CI 1.306-5.076) and the high salt-oil-sugar pattern(Q5 vs. Q1: OR=2.175, 95% CI 1.169-4.046) were positively associated with obesity.

CONCLUSION: salted vegetable-fermented soybean product-meat-rice&amp;noodle pattern and high salt-oil-sugar dietary patterns were positively associated with obesity among adult residents in six regions of Guizhou Province.

PMID:41819997 | DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.010

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2026 Jan;55(1):35-50. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.008.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and identify protective dietary patterns for reducing remnant cholesterol levels in Chinese adult residents, and to analyze the energy and nutrient intake of different compliance groups.

METHODS: The data for this study was obtained from the China Residents Nutrition and Health Survey(2015-2017). The sampling method used was stratified, multi-stage, and random sampling. A total of 61 317 residents aged 18 and over from 298 monitoring sites across the country were included in the study. The remnant cholesterol levels were estimated using internationally recognized method. The protective dietary patterns were identified using the principal component regression method.

RESULTS: The protective dietary patterns for remnant cholesterol in Chinese adult residents are characterized by a higher intake of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, fungi and algae, and soybean products, and a lower intake of refined grains and alcoholic beverages. This dietary pattern explains 8.24% of the variability in food groups and 53.69% of the variability in the response variable. In the correlation analysis, the dietary score was found to have a negative correlation with explanatory variables that had negative factor loadings, and a positive correlation with explanatory variables that had positive factor loadings. These correlations were statistically significant(P&lt;0.01). The response variables also showed a positive correlation(P&lt;0.01), with dietary fiber having the strongest correlation with vitamin E intake(r=0.73, P&lt;0.01) and a strong positive correlation with calcium intake(r=0.71, P&lt;0.01). Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between the response variable and dietary score(P&lt;0.01). The highest correlations were found between dietary score and dietary fiber(r=0.78, P&lt;0.01) and vitamin E(r=0.75, P&lt;0.01). In the nutrient analysis, the high compliance group showed higher intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, cholesterol, total vitamin A, beta-carotene, retinol, thiamine, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, and manganese, and lower intakes of energy, thiamine, and niacin. The median energy intake of the Q5 group decreased by 596.08 kcal/d compared to the Q1 group. Additionally, the median protein intake increased by 2.01 g/d, while the fat intake decreased by 0.60 g/d. However, the carbohydrate intake increased by 29.99 g/d.

CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in energy and nutrient intake among the compliance groups of the protective dietary patterns for remnant cholesterol in Chinese adult residents. This highlights the importance of a balanced and nutrient-rich diet in reducing remnant cholesterol levels.

PMID:41819995 | DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.01.008