Category: Nevin Manimala

J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022 Oct;42(7):2680-2683. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2081799. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

ABSTRACT

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on maternal and foetal Doppler findings. Doppler ultrasound findings were compared in 40 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 disease who required hospitalisation (group 1) and 30 healthy pregnant women (group 2). Maternal characteristics and birth histories were recorded. Body mass index, gestational week at birth, type of delivery, oligihydroamnios, pre-term birth (<37 weeks), low birth weight (<10 percentile), perinatal death and f1st and 5th minute Apgar scores were recorded. Birth weights and foetal biophysical profile (BPP) scores in group 1 were significantly lower than those in group 2. There was a statistically significant between-group difference in the umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery resistive index (RI), middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI, MCA RI, mean uterine artery (UtA) PI, mean UtA RI and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), the parameters used to evaluate foetal-maternal blood flow. In the pregnant group diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalised, all foetal-maternal Doppler indicators of foetal-maternal blood flow were impaired, and birth weights and BPP scores in these patients were statistically significantly lower than those in the healthy controls.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Foetal and maternal vascular malperfusion characterised by decidual arteriopathy have been reported in pathologies of placentas from pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection.What the results of this study add? It was determined that COVID-19 disrupted foetal and maternal blood flow.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Foetal biometric measurements and foetal Doppler may be useful in the follow-up of perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19.

PMID:36596209 | DOI:10.1080/01443615.2022.2081799

Food Res Int. 2023 Jan;163:112228. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112228. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

ABSTRACT

Actinidia arguta, an edible berry plant with high nutritional values, has been widely used in Asian countries as a food and traditional medicinal herb. The well-recognized health-promoting properties of A. arguta were associated with its bioactive components in its different botanical parts. To rapidly screen and identify chemical components and simultaneously determine the potential metabolites from different parts of A. arguta, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E coupled with UNIFI platform and multivariate statistical analysis approach was established in this study. As a result, a total of 107 components were identified from the four different parts of A. arguta, in which 31 characteristic chemical markers were discovered among them, including 12, 8, 6, and 5 compounds from the fruits, leaves, roots, and stems, respectively. These results suggested that the combination of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E and metabolomic analysis is a powerful method to rapidly screen characteristic markers for the quality control of A. arguta.

PMID:36596158 | DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112228

Food Res Int. 2023 Jan;163:112225. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112225. Epub 2022 Nov 23.

ABSTRACT

The commercial quality of foxtail millet grain (Setaria italica L.) includes appearance quality, functional quality, and cooking and eating quality, which directly determine whether consumers will purchase the product. We studied the relationship between ecological factors and commercial quality attributes of foxtail millet “Jingu 21” from twelve production areas. The results showed that altitude, latitude, and diurnal temperature range were negatively correlated with b*, total flavones content (TFC), setback (SB), consistence (CS) and pasting temperature (PTM), but positively correlated with L/B and breakdown (BD). In contrast, average temperature, average precipitation, average humidity, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium had positive effects on 1,000-grain weight (KGW), b*, TFC, CS, and PTM and had a negative impact on L/B and BD. Climate factors had a greater effect on the commercial quality of foxtail millet than soil factors, and the influence of climatic factors was particularly obvious in the early and middle growth periods. The multivariate equation between ecological factors and the comprehensive score of foxtail millet commercial quality is Y = 1,159.745-4.496X₁ (altitude) + 19.529X₅ (≥10℃ effective accumulated temperature) – 166.327X₁₀ (organic matters). In conclusion, high temperature and precipitation are conducive to high quality appearance and the accumulation of functional substances, while a high diurnal temperature range and high soil nutrients are conducive to the formation of cooking and eating quality. The impact of ecological factors on foxtail millet quality is complicated and it is essential to select a cultivation site that is matched to the intended use of the foxtail millet being produced.

PMID:36596154 | DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112225

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32588. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032588.

ABSTRACT

Traumatic dental injury is one of the common injuries seen in the emergency department. To determine the distribution features of emergency traumatic dental injuries in Xi’an, China, data from the medical records of 623 patients (aged 6-78 years) were evaluated and analyzed according to age, gender, etiology, factors predisposing teeth to injury, and types of teeth traumatized. The patient records of 397 males (63.7%) and 226 females (36.3%), with a 1.8:1 male-to-female ratio, were included. The total number of traumatized teeth was 1475. The highest frequency of dental trauma was found in the 19- to 30-year age group (30.7%). The greatest frequency of dental trauma injuries was in May (13%). Over one-third of patients with traumatic injuries to permanent teeth (n = 218, 35%) injured 2 permanent teeth. The most commonly affected teeth were the maxillary central incisors (59.3%). The most common type of trauma was concussion (20.4%). There was statistically significant difference among the type composition ratio of age groups (P < .05). The most common causes of dental trauma were falls (50.2%). There was statistically significant difference among the etiological composition ratio of age groups (P < .05). Combined injuries were present in 120 teeth in 103 patients (16.5%). The epidemiological characteristics of dental trauma in Xi’an shows that the occurrence of dental trauma is closely related to the age, sex, time, type of injury, and cause of injury. There exists cross-correlation among the epidemiological factors. The most common type of trauma is concussion and the most common cause of dental trauma is fall. High incidence of combined injuries needs extra attention.

PMID:36596078 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032588

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32597. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032597.

ABSTRACT

Lower extremity revascularization (LER) for peripheral artery disease in elderly patients is associated with a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to a conduct retrospective review and propensity score matching analysis to determine whether the use of regional anesthesia (RA) instead of general anesthesia (GA) in geriatric patients undergoing LER for peripheral artery disease results in improved short-term mortality and health outcomes. We reviewed medical records of 1271 patients aged >65 years who underwent LER at our center between May 1998 and February 2016. According to the anesthesia method, patients were grouped in the GA and RA groups. The primary outcome was short-term mortality (7-day and 30-day). The secondary outcomes were 5-year survival rate, intraoperative events, postoperative morbidity, and postoperative length of stay. A propensity score-matched cohort design was used to control for potentially confounding factors including patient demographics, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, and preoperative medications. After propensity score matching, 722 patients that received LER under GA (n = 269) or RA (n = 453) were identified. Patients from the GA group showed significantly higher 7-day mortality than those from the RA group (5.6% vs 2.7% P = .048); however, there was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the groups (GA vs RA: 6.3% vs 3.6%, P = .083). The 5-year survival rate and incidence of arterial and central venous catheter placement or intraoperative dopamine and epinephrine use were significantly higher in the GA group than in the RA group (P < .05). In addition, the frequency of immediate postoperative oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation support was higher in the GA group (P < .05). However, there was no difference in the postoperative cardiopulmonary and cerebral complications between the 2 groups. These results suggest that RA can reduce intraoperative hemodynamic support and provide immediate postoperative respiratory intensive care. In addition, the use of RA may be associated with better short-term and 5-year survival rates in geriatric patients undergoing LER.

PMID:36596067 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032597

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32366. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032366.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Approximately half of people with heart failure have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tolvaptan is reported to be effective in treating heart failure. However, the safety and efficacy of its use in patients with CKD is uncertain. In this study, we conducted a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan on patients with heart failure and CKD.

METHODS: This study protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO and the registration number is CRD42022368148. The consent of this protocol report is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement guidelines. We will include randomized controlled trials related to tolvaptan in patients with heart failure and CKD. Two research members will electronically and independently search 4 English databases (EMBASE, PubMed, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and 4 Chinese databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database) from their inception to November 2022. The risk of bias in each included study will be assessed utilizing the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. All statistical analyses will be conducted using the software program Review Manager version 5.3.

RESULTS: The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

CONCLUSION: This review can provide convincing evidence to help clinicians make decisions when dealing with heart failure and CKD.

PMID:36596041 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032366

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32429. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032429.

ABSTRACT

No significant progress has been made in the study of orthopedic surgical site infection (SSI) after different orthopedic surgery, and the analysis and prevention of risk factors for orthopedic SSI urgently need to be solved. A total of 154 patients underwent orthopedic surgery from April 2018 to December 2020. General information such as gender, age, marriage, diagnosis, surgical site, and anesthesia method was recorded. Statistical methods included Pearson chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Based on Pearson’s chi-square test, sex (P = .005), age (P = .027), marriage (P = .000), diagnosis (P = .034), and surgical site (P = .000) were significantly associated with SSI after orthopedic surgery. However, in the multiple linear regression analysis, only the surgical site (P = .035) was significantly associated with SSI after orthopedic surgery. In terms of multivariate logistic regression level, surgical site (odds ratio [OR] = 1.568, P = .039) was significantly associated with SSI. ROC curves were constructed to determine the effect of the surgical site on SSI after different orthopedic surgery (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.577, 95% CI = 0.487-0.0.666). In summary, the surgical site is an independent risk factor for SSI after orthopedic surgery, and “trauma” is more likely to develop SSI than spine, arthrosis, and others.

PMID:36596026 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032429

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32583. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032583.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of modified HuangLian JieDu decoction (MHLJDD) as a supplementary medication for early enteral nutrition in septic patients.

METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized controlled preliminary study. Septic patients were randomly divided into control (treated with the base treatment) and intervention (co-treated with MHLJDD and the base treatment) groups. The primary outcomes of this study were 60-day (d) mortality rate, length of mechanical ventilation (MV), and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).

RESULTS: Of the 86 included patients, 44 and 42 were allocated to the intervention and control groups, respectively. Lengths of MV and ICU stay were significantly shorter in the intervention group than in the control group (10.31 ± 3.92 d vs 8.66 ± 2.84 d, P = .028; and 11.88 ± 5.25 d vs 10.41 ± 3.14 d, P = .029; respectively). However, the difference in 60-d mortality rate between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (20.45% vs 38.10%, P = .071). The enteral-nutrition tolerance score of the control group was higher than that of the intervention group (6.81 ± 4.28 vs 4.68 ± 4.04, P = .020). Incidence of hyperglycemia and gastric retention (gastric residual volume > 250 mL) was higher in the control group than in the intervention group (59.52% vs 29.55%, P = .005; and 28.57% vs 11.36%, P = .020, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: MHLJDD can shorten the MV and ICU stay of septic patients.

PMID:36596025 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032583

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32546. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032546.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to assess the prevalence, clinical, and ultrasonography (US) in thyroid screening in healthy subjects with general symptoms of thyroid abnormality in low iodine intake in Bajulmati primary care center, East Java Indonesia. We retrospectively reviewed US thyroid examination of 74 subjects with symptoms of mass in the neck, shaky, sleep difficulties, over sweating, and chronic fatigue on September 15th, 2021. Following the WHO guidelines, subjects also underwent physical examination in which the result were classified into 3 categories, that is, no palpable nor visible goiter, palpable but no visible goiter, as well as palpable and visible goiter. We evaluate US thyroid characteristics following Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology guidelines. Image analysis was reviewed by 4 general radiologists with 2 to 13 years’ experience. Categorical variables were compared using chi-squared or Fisher exact tests. Correlation between variables was measured with gamma statistics. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. A P-value < .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Of the 74 subjects, 32 (43.2%) show abnormalities. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the result of thyroid US in subjects with complaint fatigue (P = .464), insomnia (P = .777), over sweating (P = .158), and tremor (P = .778), but there were significant differences with the complaint of mass in the neck (P = .008). Furthermore, there was also a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US thyroid result (R = 0.773, P = .00). We conclude there were significant differences in US result of patients with and without complaint of mass in the neck. We also found a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US examination. Clinical findings, laboratory examination, cytology and molecular markers, patients’ age, nodules size, and ultrasound features should be considered for the treatment planning.

PMID:36596021 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032546

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32562. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032562.

ABSTRACT

To investigate the effect of preoperative tropisetron treatment on postoperative cognitive function on the basis of patients’ Mini-Cog scale scores. In this retrospective cohort study, data were retrieved from the medical record database. This research did not involve concerns with patient safety and violation of their interests, and therefore, no ethical review was required. Depending on tropisetron exposure status, patients were assigned to the exposure group (86 patients) and the non-exposure group (74 patients). Patients in the exposure and non-exposure groups were administered tropisetron (10 mg; intravenously 15 minutes before operation) and other antiemetics, respectively. Data on the patients’ demographic characteristics, American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, comorbid underlying diseases, sleep quality, education level, anesthesia method, duration of fasting, intraoperative blood loss and fluid replacement, intraoperative minimum and maximum systolic blood pressures (SBPs), intraoperative minimum and maximum diastolic blood pressures (DBPs), postoperative Mini-Cog scale (a simple intelligence status assessment scale) score, and postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score were collected in both the groups. The postoperative Mini-Cog score (as an indicator of cognitive function) and the rate of postoperative cognitive impairment were compared between the exposure and non-exposure groups. A multifactorial logistic regression equation was constructed to analyze the factors associated with impaired cognitive function in the postoperative period. The postoperative cognitive impairment rate in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the non-exposure group (3.5% vs 16.2%; P < .05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis suggested that tropisetron was a protective factor for postoperative cognitive function, with a statistically significant effect (odds ratio [OR] = 5.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31-19.4). Preoperative tropisetron exposure significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment in patients, and it is a protective factor for postoperative cognitive function.

PMID:36596014 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000032562