Category: Nevin Manimala

Technol Health Care. 2023 Jun 20. doi: 10.3233/THC-220472. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common disorder in neonates, with premature infants at higher risk of developing the disorder.

OBJECTIVE: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene detection was used to determine the incidence of G6PD deficiency and analyze the etiologies of G6PD deficiency in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia in the Zunyi region with the aim of providing scientific evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

METHODS: For the gene detection, 64 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were selected as the observation group and 30 normal neonates were selected as the control group, and the risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia were investigated by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: Among the neonates in the observation group, 59 cases had the G1388A mutation (92.19%) and 5 cases had the G1376T mutation (7.81%). No mutation was detected in the control group. In the observation group, the proportion of neonates who were born prematurely, with artificial feeding, with the age of starting feeding of more than 24 h, the time of first bowel movement of more than 24 h, premature rupture of membranes, infection, scalp hematoma, and perinatal asphyxia was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that prematurity, infection, scalp hematoma, perinatal asphyxia, the age of starting feeding of more than 24 h, and the time of first bowel movement over 24 h were risk factors for the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (p< 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The G1338A and G1376T mutations were important features of the genetics of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and genetic detection together with the prevention of prematurity, infection, scalp hematoma, perinatal asphyxia, the age of starting feeding, and the time of first bowel movement would help reduce the incidence of this disease.

PMID:37393443 | DOI:10.3233/THC-220472

Matern Child Health J. 2023 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03748-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of perinatal outcomes between Syrian refugees and Turkish women between 2016 and 2020.

METHODS: The birth results of 17,997 participants (Syrian refugees: 3579 and Turkish women: 14,418) who delivered in the Labor Department of our hospital between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS: Maternal age was younger (24.73 ± 6.08 vs. 27.4 ± 5.91 years, p < 0.001) and adolescent pregnancy rate was higher (19.4% vs. 5.6%, p < 0.001) in Syrian refuges than in Turkish women. Bishop scores on admission (4.6 ± 1.6 vs. 4.4 ± 1.1, p < 0.001), birth weight (3088.19 ± 575.32 g vs. 3109.76 ± 540.89 g, p = 0.044), low birth weight (11.3% vs. 9.7%, p = 0.004), and the rate of primary cesarean deliveries (10.1% vs. 15.8%, p < 0.001) were also statistically different. Additionally, the rates of anemia (65.9% vs. 29.2%, p < 0.001), preeclampsia (1.4% vs. 2.7%, p < 0.001), stillbirth (1.3% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.001), preterm premature rupture of membranes (2.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.002), and obstetric complications were different between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that inadequate antenatal care, communication and language barrier problems in Syrian refugees caused some adverse perinatal outcomes. All birth data of Syrian refugees must be disclosed by the Ministry of Health to confirm the accuracy of our data.

PMID:37393424 | DOI:10.1007/s10995-023-03748-8

Clin Transl Oncol. 2023 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s12094-023-03239-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify the relevant factors affecting the prognosis and survival time of colon cancer and construct a survival prediction model.

METHODS: Data on postoperative stage I-III colon cancer patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We used R project to analyze the data. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for independent factors correlated with overall survival from colon cancer. The C-index was used to screen the factors that had the greatest influence in overall survival after surgery in colon cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was made according to the Risk score and calculated to validate the predictive accuracy of the model. In addition, we used decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the clinical benefits and utility of the nomogram. We created a model survival curve to determine the difference in prognosis between patients in the low-risk group and those in the high-risk group.

RESULTS: Univariate and multifactor COX analyses showed that the race, Grade, tumor size, N-stage and T-stage were independent risk factors affecting survival time of patients. The analysis of ROC and DCA showed the nomogram prediction model constructed based on the above indicators has good predictive effects.

CONCLUSION: Overall, the nomogram constructed in this study has good predictive effects. It can provide a reference for future clinicians to evaluate the prognosis of colon cancer patients.

PMID:37393416 | DOI:10.1007/s12094-023-03239-w

Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2023 Jul 1;15(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13098-023-01113-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis was conducted given the contradictory findings from studies on the influence of diabetes duration or age at onset on mortality in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).

METHODS: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and CINHAL) were comprehensively searched to identify relevant studies until October 31, 2022. All of the selected articles contained statistics on hazard ratios, relative risks (RRs), or odds ratios, or data for estimating the association between diabetes duration or age at onset and total mortality in IDDM patients. Regardless the heterogeneity assessed by the I² statistic, pooled RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total mortality were acquired via random effect meta-analysis with inverse variance weighting.

RESULTS: This meta-analysis finally included 19 studies involving 122, 842 individuals. Both age at onset and diabetes duration were positively associated with an increased mortality rate in IDDM patients. Specifically, the pooled RRs for age at onset and diabetes duration were 1.89 (95%CI 1.43-2.50) and 1.89 (95%CI 1.16-3.09) respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that only prepubertal onset was associated with a greater survival advantage than pubertal or postpubertal onset.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this meta-analysis and systematic review suggest that a later age at onset or longer diabetes duration is associated with increased risk of total mortality in IDDM patients. However, this conclusion shall be interpreted with caution due to the possibility of residual confounding and be confirmed in the future by well-designed studies.

PMID:37393334 | DOI:10.1186/s13098-023-01113-x

Eur J Med Res. 2023 Jul 1;28(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01186-4.

ABSTRACT

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was an important biomarker for the development and prognosis of many diseases. Numerous studies had demonstrated that BUN had a strong relationship with long-term mortality, survival and the prevalence of some diseases. The diagnosis and treatment, prognosis and long-term survival rate of cancer were the focus of clinical research at present. However, the relationship between BUN level and cancer prevalence was not clear. To investigate the relationship between BUN level and cancer prevalence, we performed a statistical analysis of population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The results of the study showed that BUN level were positively correlated with cancer prevalence, and the correlation was more pronounced in breast cancer.

PMID:37393332 | DOI:10.1186/s40001-023-01186-4

J Exp Orthop. 2023 Jul 1;10(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s40634-023-00629-5.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The adjustable loop cortical suspension device (ALD) is a useful femoral fixation device in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions, but the possibility of loosening has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the elongation of an adjustable loop and the position of the hamstring graft inside the femoral socket.

METHODS: The subjects were 33 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with a hamstring tendon. The graft was fixed using ALD and completely filled the femoral socket. Magnetic resonance images were taken one week and one year after the operation. The loop length, femoral socket length, and graft length inside the socket were measured and statistically compared with the clinical outcomes.

RESULTS: The loop length one week after surgery was 18.9 ± 4.4 mm, and 1 year after surgery was 19.9 ± 4.5 mm (P < 0.001). The gap between the top of the graft and femoral socket was 0.9 ± 1.8 mm one week after surgery and 1.3 ± 1.7 mm one year after surgery (P = 0.259). At one week post-operation, a gap was found in nine patients (27.3%). The loop length and gap did not strongly correlate with clinical findings.

CONCLUSION: ACL reconstruction using ALD showed a gap between the graft and femoral socket at the one week post-operation mark in 27.3% of participants. One year after the surgery, there were cases where the gap increased and/or decreased, but the elongation of the loop was 1 mm on average. Our findings suggest that ALD is clinically safe to use; however, has the possibility of initial loop elongation and non-uniform changes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

PMID:37393331 | DOI:10.1186/s40634-023-00629-5

Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 1;13(1):10675. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37380-x.

ABSTRACT

Social problems and suffering from the treatment process for infertile couples, especially for women, require the couples to cope with them to balance the infertility crisis. According to the close interactions of the couples with each other, the objective of the present study was to explore a theoretical framework for the relationships between women’s coping strategies, spouses’ coping strategies, and women’s psychological health in infertile couples who were candidates for assisted reproductive technology (ART). This cross-sectional study was carried out on 212 couples undergoing ART. The couples’ coping strategies were evaluated using a validated self-report questionnaire. The women’s psychological health was assessed using a 21-item stress, anxiety, and depression scale (DASS-21). Statistical analysis was performed using the plug-in application PROCESS macro for SPSS. The direct effect of the women’s self-blame and self-focused rumination strategies (p < .0001), and the indirect effect of the women’s self-blame on stress and depression by mediating spouses’ self-blame and self-focused rumination strategies, was significant. The indirect effect of the women’s self-focused rumination on the anxiety and depression levels by mediating spouses’ self-blame strategy was significant. The women’s self-blame and self-focused rumination strategies had a negative effect on the women’s psychological health who were undergoing ART. This negative effect was mediated by the spouse’s coping strategies.

PMID:37393323 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-37380-x

BMC Med Educ. 2023 Jul 1;23(1):490. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04458-z.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Due to the technical progress point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly used in critical care medicine. However, optimal training strategies and support for novices have not been thoroughly researched so far. Eye-tracking, which offers insights into the gaze behavior of experts may be a useful tool for better understanding. The aim of this study was to investigate the technical feasibility and usability of eye-tracking during echocardiography as well as to analyze differences of gaze patterns between experts and non-experts.

METHODS: Nine experts in echocardiography and six non-experts were equipped with eye-tracking glasses (Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden), while performing six medical cases on a simulator. For each view case specific areas of interests (AOI) were defined by the first three experts depending on the underlying pathology. Technical feasibility, participants’ subjective experience on the usability of the eye-tracking glasses as well as the differences of relative dwell time (focus) inside the areas of interest (AOI) between six experts and six non-experts were evaluated.

RESULTS: Technical feasibility of eye-tracking during echocardiography was achieved with an accordance of 96% between the visual area orally described by participants and the area marked by the glasses. Experts had longer relative dwell time in the case specific AOI (50.6% versus 38.4%, p = 0.072) and performed ultrasound examinations faster (138 s versus 227 s, p = 0.068). Furthermore, experts fixated earlier in the AOI (5 s versus 10 s, p = 0.033).

CONCLUSION: This feasibility study demonstrates that eye-tracking can be used to analyze experts and non-experts gaze patterns during POCUS. Although, in this study the experts had a longer fixation time in the defined AOIs compared to non-experts, further studies are needed to investigate if eye-tracking could improve teaching of POCUS.

PMID:37393288 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-023-04458-z

BMC Pulm Med. 2023 Jul 1;23(1):236. doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02534-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several markers have been identified to increase the risk for acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) or mortality related to AE-ILD. However, less is known about the risk predictors of ILD patients who have survived AE. The aim of the study was to characterise AE-ILD survivors and investigate prognostic factors in this subpopulation.

METHODS: All AE-ILD patients (n = 95) who had been discharged alive from two hospitals located in Northern Finland were selected from a population of 128 AE-ILD patients. Clinical data related to the hospital treatment and six-month follow-up visit were collected retrospectively from medical records.

RESULTS: Fifty-three patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 42 patients with other ILD were identified. Two thirds of the patients had been treated without invasive or non-invasive ventilation support. The clinical features of six-month survivors (n = 65) and non-survivors (n = 30) did not differ in terms of medical treatment or oxygen requirements. Of the patients, 82.5% used corticosteroids at the six-month follow-up visit. Fifty-two patients experienced at least one non-elective respiratory re-hospitalisation before the six-month follow-up visit. In a univariate model, IPF diagnosis, high age and a non-elective respiratory re-hospitalisation increased the risk of death, although re-hospitalisation was the only independent risk factor in a multivariate model. In six-month survivors, there was no statistically significant decrease in pulmonary function test results (PFT) examined at the follow-up visit compared with earlier PFT examined near the time of AE-ILD.

CONCLUSIONS: The AE-ILD survivors were a heterogeneous group of patients both clinically and in terms of their outcome. A non-elective respiratory re-hospitalisation was identified as a marker of poor prognosis among AE-ILD survivors.

PMID:37393286 | DOI:10.1186/s12890-023-02534-0

BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jul 1;23(1):440. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03103-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Development of white spot lesions (WSLs) is common among orthodontic patients. Several measures have been introduced to prevent and remineralize the lesions. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is used for both prevention and remineralization. The effect of its application before bonding is controversial. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the most up to date available literature regarding the effect of CPP-ACP enamel pre-treatment on shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic orthodontic brackets.

METHODS: A search was conducted in electronic databases (MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Google scholar (grey literature)) up to March 29^th, 2023. The inclusion criteria included in vitro studies comparing the SBS of metal orthodontic brackets following pre-treatment of enamel using CPP-ACP versus control. The exclusion criteria included study types other than in vitro studies, studies conducted on non-human enamel, or studies using CPP-ACP in combination with another intervention. The included studies were analysed by two reviewers, independently. The risk of bias assessment was done using a modified risk of bias tool. A Meta-analysis was performed. I² values and Q-test were used for assessment of heterogeneity. Results were displayed in forest plots with a random-effects model. Standardized mean difference, standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all studies.

RESULTS: The search resulted in 76 articles. After duplicate removal and assessment for eligibility, 15 studies were included in the review. High statistical heterogeneity was found among the included studies using I² values and Q-Test (I² = 95.147%; Q = 288.456; df = 14; P < 0.001). The overall effect of CPP-ACP pre-treatment on the SBS of metal orthodontic brackets was not significant (Mean difference = 1.163 MPa, SE = 0.757, 95% CI = -0.321, 2.648, p value = 0.125). The use of CPP-ACP for prevention of WSLs did not significantly affect the SBS of brackets (Standardized mean difference = 1.009, SE = 0.884, 95% CI = -0.723, 2.740, p value = 0.254). No significant change was found when CPP-ACP was used for remineralization of WSLs (Standardized mean difference = 1.501, SE = 1.087, 95% CI = -0.630, 3.632, p value = 0.167).

CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of the study, the evidence suggests that the use of CPP-ACP for either prevention or remineralization of WSLs before bonding does not affect the SBS of metal orthodontic brackets.

PMID:37393280 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-023-03103-x