Category: Nevin Manimala

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):534-540. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.76193.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the profile and survival in young adults with oral squamous cell carcinoma, attended at the High Complexity in Oncology of Feira de Santana, Brazil, between 2010 and 2016.

METHODS: Retrospective cohort, performed through the information of the medical records of all young patients attended in the referred center. Descriptive analysis of the variables, Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed.

RESULTS: A total of 35 patients were registered. The majority were male, smokers and former alcoholics. Tumors were predominantly localized in the tongue, diagnosed at late stages, classified as well differentiated and treated mainly with surgery associated to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The median survival time was 31 months and 22.8% of the patients died. The variables that presented statistical significance in relation to the survival time were the tumor site and the type of treatment.

CONCLUSION: The profile and low survival time reflect the need for greater attention to the disease in this population.

PMID:36753205 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.76193

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):526-533. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.66374.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Identify the conditions of access to health services of persons deprived of their Liberty (PDL) in the Penitentiary and Prison La Paz in Itagüí, Antioquia in 2012.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional descriptive study based on primary information obtained from a survey applied to a sample of 126 inmates of this institution. Descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were used: means, proportions and tests of statistical significance.

RESULTS: The majority qualify adequate or very adequate continuity, opportunity and integrality of care. Everyone values how good or very good the treatment received. About one-third were denied or partially given the prescription drugs. 35.7% lost medical appointments due to administrative problems and most of them did not have sufficient information about their health rights. 66.7% said that their health deteriorated or remained the same after having been treated.

CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of this people access services and qualify medical care positively, but there are still barriers to access to medicines, problems with information about rights, and negative evaluations of the impact of medical care received.

PMID:36753204 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.66374

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(5):519-525. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n5.77775.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and the factors associated with the presence of multimorbidity in the elderly population of the municipality of Ibicuí – BA.

METHODS: This study was carried out with 310 elderly individuals, aged > 60 years old, of both sexes, living in the municipality of Ibicuí – BA. Sociodemographic information and personal information, living conditions, life habits, body mass, stature and presence of multimorbidity were collected. The descriptive analysis was used and multimorbidity prevalence ratios were estimated according to variables of interest. As a measure of statistical significance, the qui-quadrado de Pearson test was used, adopting p≤0.05. The multivariate analysis hierarchized by Poisson regression was employed after bivariate analysis to select the independent variables (p<0.20).

RESULTS: The general prevalence of multimorbidity was 80.3%. The hierarchical multi-varied analysis showed the variables of gender and monthly income (p<1.5) were significantly related to the problem. The results reveal also a high prevalence of multimorbidity in the studied population. Mainly women and the poorest suffer from it.

CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to redirect the planning of health actions in the municipality, with changes in the health care policy of the elderly, and especially in the social support networks that support these individuals, considering that in this locality the presence of multimorbidity was related to socio-economic grounds.

PMID:36753203 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n5.77775

Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 Feb 6;76(1):e20210645. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0645. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the effects of sexuality on depressive symptoms and quality of life in older adults.

METHODS: a cross-sectional and analytical study, developed with 596 older adults, who completed four instruments for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Structural Equation Modeling, with a 95% Confidence Interval.

RESULTS: among the sexuality dimensions, only physical and social adversities exerted statistically significant effects on depressive symptoms (SC=-0.095; p=0.003), but with low magnitude. Moreover, all sexuality dimensions had statistically significant effects on quality of life, being of low magnitude for sexual act (SC=0.171; p=0.010) and for physical and social adversities (SC=0.228; p<0.001), and moderate magnitude for affective relationships (SC=0.474; p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: effects of different magnitudes were observed between sexuality dimensions on participants’ depressive symptoms and quality of life.

PMID:36753192 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0645

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):376-380. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.72086.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dental condition and the vertical dimension in patients with TMD, and the age and origin of the DTM.

METHODS: Was performed a descriptive study, observational, cross-sectional, with a sample of thirty patients with TMD, diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). This sample was determined based on estimates the service thus a sample of convenience. The association between gender, age, vertical dimension and dental condition with TMD were verified using the chi-square statistical test with 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS: It found that 26 patients were female and 4 males. Fifteen subjects presented aged below 36.5 years. How much the origin of the DTM, 19 subjects had articular disorder, and 11 muscle disorder. Has been determined that there was no statistically significant association between the independent variables with the DTM.

CONCLUSION: The etiological factors analyzed in isolation do not seem to influence in a unique way in the development of TMD, but may act together with other factors, because the cause is multifactorial.

PMID:36753184 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.72086

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):349-356. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.54862.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Given that violence is a public health problem of the first order in Mexico and Colombia, the main objective of this research was the trend, level and impact analysis of mortality due to violence [homicides, suicides, traffic accidents (TA) and other accidents (OA)] between 2000 and 2013, nationally by sex and age groups.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Mortality vital statistics from official sources were used. The years of life lost (YLL) between 0 and 100 years of age and the contribution of deaths by violent causes to life expectancy at birth (e 0 ) change were calculated.

RESULTS: In Colombia an important decrease of mortality due to violence was observed since 2002 in all the selected causes of death and both sexes. In Mexico, there was not a meaningful increase of mortality due to all violent causes together; by causes of death, the observed decrease of mortality due to TA and OA was cancelled by the sustained increase of mortality by suicides and the increase of homicides since 2008. From 2011 to 2013, Mexico presented a higher number of YLL than Colombia due to violent causes of death that further illustrates the opposite trends in both countries.

CONCLUSIONS: Mortality due to violence can be prevented by implementing programs and strategies that take into account the ages where it has a biggest impact, from a gender perspective and with a multidisciplinary approach.

PMID:36753180 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.54862

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):324-332. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.70291.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence to both drug and non-drug therapy by users of primary care services diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension before and after the implementation of systematic nursing appointments.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Open clinical trial held in a Family Health Strategy center of the state of Minas Gerais, in which 14 participants were followed up through systematic nursing care from October 2016 to September 2017.

RESULTS: Data showed a statistically significant difference in adherence to systemic arterial hypertension therapy after conducting nursing interventions (p=0,102), both individually and in group. The most prevalent nursing diagnoses were “Readiness for enhanced health literacy” and “Sedentary lifestyle”.

CONCLUSION: Systematic nursing care may benefit people diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension treated by primary care services. It is necessary to consolidate the use of nursing processes as well as the nurse identity in the context of chronic care.

PMID:36753177 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.70291

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 Feb 3;21(3):281-286. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V21n3.67280.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of stimulant use among the student population at the Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Pedro Campus, and some factors associated with these habits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an analytical observational cross-sectional study conducted at the Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Pedro Campus. Surveys aimed at students of the different university careers were used as an instrument to collect information. The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 19 software.

RESULTS: The average age of university students was 20.6 years, and the most commonly used stimulants were soft drinks and coffee. There is a significant difference among men and women regarding the consumption of nicotine-containing products. More than 50% of the university population surveyed was enrolled in Health Sciences programs.

CONCLUSIONS: Sex, marital status, work status, academic level, the faculty in which the students are enrolled, and the province of residence are not factors that influence the use of stimulants by the university population of the Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. The only exception was nicotine consumption and its relationship to the sex of the individual.

PMID:36753171 | DOI:10.15446/rsap.V21n3.67280

Clin Exp Dent Res. 2023 Feb 8. doi: 10.1002/cre2.718. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Successful endodontic therapy is based on the reduction of infecting bacteria by cleaning, shaping, and disinfecting of the root canal system, thus the use of intracanal dressing is necessary for optimal success of root canal treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of chitosan and propolis as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis compared to calcium hydroxide in primary root canals.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-six extracted primary second molars were collected. Teeth preparation was completed to size 30 K-file. They were randomly divided into four groups; (A): chitosan, (B): propolis, (C): calcium hydroxide, and (D): control group (saline). The tooth specimens were inoculated with E. faecalis. Then, tested materials were applied for all groups in accordance to the groups each tooth belonged to. Following this, the bacterial colonies were counted after 24 h, 72 h, and 1 week of applying dressing materials and incubation. Finally, one-way analysis of variance and Fisher’s least significant difference tests were used for statistical comparisons between the groups at a significance level of .05.

RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between groups A, B, and C for both 24 h and a week (p ≥ .05). Yet, a statistical difference between groups A, B, C, and D after 72 h and 1 week were seen (p ≤ .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Chitosan and propolis medicaments were as effective as calcium hydroxide against E. faecalis in primary root canal treatment and might be considered as an alternative dressing material between treatment sessions.

PMID:36752174 | DOI:10.1002/cre2.718

J Eval Clin Pract. 2023 Feb 8. doi: 10.1111/jep.13817. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: Coronavirus (COVID-19)-related stressors precipitated the mental health crisis and increased substance use in Canada and worldwide. As the pandemic continues to evolve, monitoring and updating substance use-related ED visit trends is essential to ensure the stability and quality of ED services under the prolonged pandemic timeline.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study examined the trends and characterization of substance use-related ED visits during the pandemic among adolescents and young adults (aged 13-25 years) in Ontario, Canada.

METHODS: Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted using population-based, repeated cross-sectional data. The volume, patient characteristics (age and sex) and hospital/ED visit features (triage to end time, timing of the visit, triage level and referral source) were compared before (2019) and during COVID-19 (2020 and 2021) by each substance type (alcohol, opioid, cannabis, sedatives, cocaine, stimulants and multiple psychoactive substances).

RESULTS: Substance use-related ED visits decreased by 1.5 times during the pandemic compared to the prepandemic level. However, opioid-related ED visits continued to show an increasing trend and did not recover to the prepandemic level in 2021. Moreover, a significant increase in emergent/life-threatening triage levels (Canadian Triage and Acuity Scales 1 and 2) in substance-related ED visits is alarming (2019 = 36.8%, 2020 = 38.7% and 2021 = 38.4%). We also found a general decrease in weekend visits, overnight visits and visits on statutory holidays, and substance use-related ED patients tended to stay longer (over 6 h) in the ED during the pandemic.

CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate unmet substance use treatment needs due to the limited accessibility and heightened threshold for ED visits during the pandemic. Providing access to substance treatment/programs outside ED is critical to reducing substance use-related complications presenting in the ED. Also, policies addressing the pandemic-related complexities in the ED and Health Human Resource challenges are warranted.

PMID:36752167 | DOI:10.1111/jep.13817