Category: Nevin Manimala

Phys Sportsmed. 2022 May 9. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2075244. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: : To determine (1) the proportion of National Football League (NFL) quarterbacks (QBs) who were multisport high school athletes (2) whether performance metrics in NFL QBs differed by playing multiple high school sports versus the single sport of football.

METHODS: : A comprehensive online search identified NFL QBs from 1995-2010, classifying them as single or multisport high school athletes. Performance data were collected for regular season and playoffs when applicable and were calculated as rates. Regular season comparisons were limited to players playing at least eight games. Accolades (Pro Bowls, MVP awards, and Super Bowl victories) were also recorded. Mann-Whitney U was utilized to compare performance metrics between multisport and single sport athletes.

RESULTS: : 403 QBs (223, 55.3% multisport) were included. In the regular season, multisport QBs played in more games (median 6.8, IQR 4-10.6 vs median 5, IQR 2.5-8.3; p=0.0001), and had higher touchdowns/game (median 0.87, IQR 0.5-1.25 vs median 0.67, IQR 0.42-1; p=0.0063), pass yards/game (median 159.4, IQR 103.9-206.7 vs median 139.4, IQR 96.3-179.6; p=0.0392), and QB rating (median 78.5, IQR 69.4-85.2 vs median 74.4, IQR 66.7-81.2; p=0.0063). There were no differences in pass completion %, interceptions/game, or rush yards/game. Multisport QBs played in more playoff games (median 0.5, IQR 0.22-0.81 vs median 0.33, IQR 0.2-0.62; p=0.027), and had more Pro Bowl appearances, MVP awards, and Super Bowl victories per athlete (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: : Over half of NFL QBs played multiple high school sports. Multisport involvement is associated with benefits in regular season including a higher proportion of games played, and more touchdowns/game, pass yards/game, and QB rating. Playing multiple sports was also associated with playing more playoff games and having more Pro Bowl appearances, MVP awards, and Super Bowl victories. This data supports the benefits of youth multisport training.

PMID:35531708 | DOI:10.1080/00913847.2022.2075244

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 May;47(9):2480-2490. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220216.201.

ABSTRACT

The fingerprint of Boenninghausenia albiflora var. albiflora was established by ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC), and the content of 12 active components including chlorogenic acid was determined. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to explore the indicator components of B. albiflora var. albiflora and a comprehensive evaluation system was created for the quality of B. albiflora var. albiflora. In this study, 33 batches of B. albiflora var. albiflora with different sources were collected and studied, and the UPLC fingerprint of B. albiflora var. albiflora was developed. There were 37 common peaks, of which 12 components were identified, and the content of these 12 components was measured. In combination of the common peaks and the content of chemical components, multivariate statistical analysis was performed, and the results showed that 6 components [daphnoretin, isoimperatorin, astragalin, imperatorin, neochlorogenic acid, and isoquercitrin(weight coefficient&gt;0.1)] were selected as chemical markers for the quality of B. albiflora var. albiflora. Technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) analysis and chemometrics revealed that the quality of S32, S28 and S29 were superior, while that of S12, S7 and S16 were inferior. The quality evaluation method of B. albiflora var. albiflora constructed in this study was accurate and reliable, with simpleness and easiness to operate. It is suggested that the 6 above-mentioned active components could be used as indicator components for quality control of B. albiflora var. al-biflora. The samples were harvested during the flowering and fruiting period, which is from the beginning of July to the end of August.

PMID:35531704 | DOI:10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220216.201

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 May;47(9):2465-2473. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210830.301.

ABSTRACT

Physical attributes of Chinese herbal extracts are determined by their chemical components, and the physical and chemical attributes jointly affect the preparation process performance and the final product quality. Therefore, in order to improve the quality control of Chinese herbal extracts, we should comprehensively study the batch-to-batch consistency of physical and chemical attributes as well as the correlations between them. This paper first explored the physical attributes affecting the preparation process performance of the compound Danshen extract and developed a method for characterizing the texture attributes. With such main chemical components as water, phenolic acids, saponins, and saccharides and texture, rheology, and other physical attributes taken into consideration, the batch-to-batch quality fluctuation of products from different production lines and time was analyzed by principal components analysis(PCA). Finally, the correlation and partial least squares(PLS) analysis was conducted, and the regression equation was established. The fitting result of the PLS model for dynamic viscosity was satisfying(R~2Y=0.857, Q~2=0.793), suggesting that the chemical components could be adjusted by the component transfer rate in the extraction process, the impurity removal rate in the alcohol precipitation process, and the water retention rate of the concentration process to meet the control of the extract dynamic viscosity. This study clarified the correlations between physical and chemical attributes of the compound Danshen extract and established a method for controlling its physical attributes based on process regulation, which would provide reference for improving the quality control of Chinese herbal extracts.

PMID:35531694 | DOI:10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210830.301

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 May;47(9):2330-2337. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220222.503.

ABSTRACT

To systematically collect and analyze clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Chinese patent medicine treatment for stroke in 2020, in order to provide basic information for clinical decision-making and related research. On the basis of the collection in the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Clinical Evidence Database System(EVDS), CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase were searched for RCTs of Chinese patent medicine for stroke in 2020. The publication, sample size, intervention and control measures, course of treatment, outcome indicators, methodological quality and other contents were statistically analyzed.A total of 68 RCTs studies on Chinese patent medicine for stroke were included in 2020, of which 29(42.60%) were RCTs with sample size&gt;100 cases. A total of 41 kinds of proprietary Chinese medicines were involved, including 23 kinds of oral proprietary Chinese medicines and 18 kinds of injections. A total of 18 intervention/control cases were included in RCTs, and 19 cases(Chinese patent medicine+Western medicine vs Western medicine) were applied in RCTs, accounting for 27.90%. The duration of treatment was reported in 91.18% of the studies, and the intervention duration was 8-14 days in 50.00% of the studies. Evaluation indexes were widely used, among which physical and chemical testing indexes(49.36%) were the most widely used. According to the methodological quality evaluation, the overall methodological quality of the study is not high, especially the implementation of the allocation hidden, blind method is not accurate, and the registration, ethics and other links are often missing. In conclusion, 2020 implementation of proprietary Chinese medicine in the treatment of stroke research methodology problems is outstanding, the similar function scale large range of optional, no specification selection criteria, reliability and practicability of the impact study, need to further standardize the proprietary Chinese medicine in the treatment of stroke study design, implementation and quality control, and highlight the value of proprietary Chinese medicine in the treatment of stroke and improve the quality of the evidence.

PMID:35531680 | DOI:10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220222.503

Gen Psychiatr. 2022 Apr 13;35(2):e100703. doi: 10.1136/gpsych-2021-100703. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Disrupted white matter (WM) microstructure has been commonly identified in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Several lines of evidence suggest that fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), might play a crucial role in the WM pathology of early onset psychosis. However, evidence linking UFA and WM microstructure in CHR is quite sparse.

AIMS: We investigated the relationship between the plasma UFA level and WM microstructure in CHR participants and healthy controls (HC).

METHODS: Plasma fatty acids were assessed and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were performed with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis for 66 individuals at CHR for psychosis and 70 HC.

RESULTS: Both the global and regional diffusion measures showed significant between-group differences, with decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) but increased mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) found in the CHR group compared with the HC group. On top of that, we found that in the HC group, plasma arachidic acid showed obvious trend-level associations with higher global FA, lower global MD and lower global RD, which regionally spread over the corpus callosum, right anterior and superior corona radiata, bilateral anterior and posterior limb of the internal capsule, and bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus. However, there were no associations between global WM measures and any UFA in the CHR group. Conversely, we even found negative associations between arachidic acid levels and regional FA values in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus and right retrolenticular part of the internal capsule in the CHR group.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the HC group, CHR subjects exhibited a different pattern of association between WM microstructure and plasma UFA, with a neuroprotective effect found in the HC group but not in the CHR group. Such discrepancy could be due to the excessively upregulated UFAs accumulated in the plasma of the CHR group, highlighting the role of balanced plasma-membrane fatty acids homeostasis in WM development.

PMID:35531577 | PMC:PMC9014058 | DOI:10.1136/gpsych-2021-100703

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022 May 9. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2075850. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, the principal cause for cervical cancer, and the principal cause for the recent increase in head and neck squamous cell cancers. Current interventions and research goals fail to sufficiently address the need to prevent HPV, and continued stigmatization of HPV as a female disease further discourages young patients from seeking the vaccine.

AREAS COVERED: This paper will review the epidemiology of HPV, including the rise in male cases and cancers, the immunogenicity of the vaccine, results of efficacy and effectiveness trials, and the social and operational challenges to preventing HPV infection within the United States. Statistics were sourced from the CDC. Studies were found through PubMed searches related to HPV. Priority was given to articles published in the last ten years, and policy statements from major associations were considered.

EXPERT OPINION: Diversified physician engagement in vaccinating adolescents, better knowledge sharing about vaccine hesitancy, and specifically targeting males to bridge the gender gap are all necessary to improve vaccination rates. Further, under-researched, but potentially effective methods to diminish the incidence of HPV-associated cancers include lowering the age of HPV vaccination and utilizing therapeutic vaccinations.

PMID:35531667 | DOI:10.1080/14760584.2022.2075850

Int J Dent. 2022 Apr 26;2022:5824429. doi: 10.1155/2022/5824429. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To provide consistent method for assessment of sedation need among patients undergoing dental treatment based on specific risk factors that is dental anxiety, medical status, and treatment complexity of needed dental treatment using IOSN (indication of sedation need) tool for assisting the clinician in decision making process.

METHODS: A total of 237 patients aged ≥12, ASA I and II were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire comprising of three sections was distributed among the participants. Section 1 comprises details about age, gender, literacy level, occupation, monthly income, and previous dental treatment history. Section 2 is based on Modified Dental Anxiety Scale which is a questionnaire comprising of five questions ranging from “not anxious” to “extremely anxious.” The third section was based on using the IOSN tool comprising three components: MDAS (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale) rank score, Systemic Health (ASA status) rank score, and treatment complexity rank scores. The total of three scores was then computed to determine the total rank score which suggested the sedation need. History of past traumatic dental experiences was also inquired from each patient.

RESULTS: A total of 237 patients aged ≥12, ASA I and II were enrolled in the study, out of which 56.1% were female. Statistical analysis was conducted by using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software. Based on the MDAS score, 47/237 (19.8%) participants were found to be highly anxious related to dental procedures. 34.6% of the participants showed to have a high sedation need while performing a dental procedure. The sedation need was found to be significantly associated with the female gender with a significant p value of (p=0.016), higher education status (p=0.016), and history of previous traumatic dental experience (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: A simple assessment tool can enable clinicians in their decision making to identify patients in need for dental treatment under sedation based on patient-specific risk factors such as past traumatic dental experiences. Need for sedation can be assessed by information on patient anxiety level towards dental treatment, medical history, and complexity of planned dental treatment. The IOSN tool is a simple and quick assessment tool that can be applied for preprocedural assessment of sedation need for dental treatment.

PMID:35531571 | PMC:PMC9072058 | DOI:10.1155/2022/5824429

SN Comput Sci. 2022;3(4):269. doi: 10.1007/s42979-022-01150-9. Epub 2022 May 5.

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused disastrous results in most countries of the world. It has rapidly spread across the globe with over 156 million cumulative confirmed cases and 3.264 million deaths to date, according to World Health Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. With these huge amounts of causalities in the world, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a computer-based analyzer could help governments, experts, medical staff, and citizens to prevent and respond to the incidence. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic involves many unknown parameters where most of them have a spatial dimension. Thus, spatial analysis and GIS could provide appropriate decision-making tools, predictive models, statistical methods, and new technologies for COVID-19 outbreak control, also help the people for avoiding direct contact and preserving social distance. This article aims to review the most promising categories of GIS-based solutions in this domain. We divided the solutions into ten classes including spatio-temporal analysis, SDSS approaches, geo-business, context-aware recommendation systems, participatory GIS and volunteered geographic information (VGI), internet of things (IoT), location-based service (LBS), web mapping, satellite imagery-based analysis, and waste management. The main contribution of this paper is proposing different geospatial guidelines that could provide reliable and useful protocols for COVID-19 outbreak control to minimize causalities, restrict incidence, establish effective urban communication, provide new approaches for business in lockdown situations, telehealth treatment, patient monitoring, adaptive decision making, and visualize trend analysis.

PMID:35531569 | PMC:PMC9069122 | DOI:10.1007/s42979-022-01150-9

Int J Nephrol. 2022 Apr 29;2022:3922398. doi: 10.1155/2022/3922398. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and the Google scholar for eligible studies through September 2021. The quality of selected articles was assessed using JBI checklist. Higgins and Thompson’s I ² statistic was used to see the degree of heterogeneity. Based on degree of heterogeneity, fixed or random effects model was used to estimate pooled effect using inverse variance method. Results were expressed as hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% CIs.

RESULTS: After scrutinizing 18017 articles, data from ten relevant studies (seven prospective and three retrospective) was extracted. DR was significantly associated with DKD progression with a pooled HR of 2.42 (95% CI: 1.70-3.45) and a pooled OR of 2.62 (95% CI: 1.76-3.89). There was also a significant association between the severity of DR and risk of progression of DKD with a pooled OR of 2.13 (95% CI: 1.82-2.50) for nonproliferative DR and 2.56 (95% CI: 2.93-.33) for proliferative DR.

CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that presence of DR is a strong predictor of risk of kidney disease progression in DKD patients. Furthermore, the risk of DKD progression increases with DR severity. Screening for retinal vascular changes could potentially help in prognostication and risk-stratification of patients with DKD.

PMID:35531467 | PMC:PMC9076335 | DOI:10.1155/2022/3922398

Rom J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan-Mar;66(1):22-26. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2022.6.

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the possible correlation between the short- and long-term effects of intravitreal bevacizumab on macular oedema after branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Material and methods: This prospective clinical study included fifteen eyes of patients with macular oedema after BRVO. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), recorded in LogMAR units, central foveal thickness (CFT) and maximum foveal thickness (MFT) were evaluated at one month after first application and at least every 2 months for one year. PRN treatment protocol was used for all patients. Statistical calculation was performed with SPSS for Windows and Microsoft Excel. Results: Mean CFT decreased significantly (p<0,0001) from baseline 471,2 ± 151,7 μm to 285,9 ± 79,82 μm at 12 months. CDVA improved significantly (p<0,0001) from baseline 0,58 ± 0,34 to 0,1 ± 0,25 at the end of follow up period. Change from baseline in the CDVA after one month was significantly positively correlated with the change in CDVA after 12 months (r=0,76, p=0,001). Change in CFT after one month had a strong positive correlation (r=0,78, p=0,001) with change after 12 months. There was no statistically significant correlation between the number of injections and the changes in CDVA, CFT, MFT after a single injection. Conclusions: Single injection effects of bevacizumab may indicate long-term results on macular oedema after BRVO, but further and larger studies are necessary. Abbreviations: BRVO = Branch retinal vein occlusion, RVO = Retinal vein occlusion, CFT = Central foveal thickness, MFT = Maximum foveal thickness, VEGF = Vascular endothelial growth factor, MO = Macular oedema, CDVA = Corrected distance visual acuity, PRN = Pro-re-Nata, SD-OCT = Special-domain optical coherence tomography, FT = Foveal thickness, LogMAR = Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution, WHO = World Health Organization, RPE = Retinal pigment epithelium.

PMID:35531462 | PMC:PMC9022156 | DOI:10.22336/rjo.2022.6