Category: Nevin Manimala

Invest Educ Enferm. 2023 Oct;40(3). doi: 10.17533/udea.iee.v40n3e04.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This work sought to characterize the primary care nursing consultation services reported in the official systemsof health services records in Colombia between 2002 and 2020.

METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Node geographic analysis and descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative data from the Special Registry of Health Providers and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection.

RESULTS: The study identified 6079 nursing services of which 72% are outpatient, 95.05% are assigned to institutions providing health services, 99.75% are of low complexity, and 48.22% of the offer was created in the last five years. The nodes with the highest increase in the offer of services are Caribbean (n = 909) and Pacific (n = 499), while Amazon (n = 48) showed the lowest offer in the last five years.

CONCLUSIONS: Disparity is evident in the availability of services by region and node, in addition to a low liberal exercise to provide nursing care.

PMID:36867777 | DOI:10.17533/udea.iee.v40n3e04

J Phys Chem A. 2023 Mar 3. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07715. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Kinetic compensation is a strong, positive correlation between the Arrhenius activation energy E and the frequency factor A for a reaction between the same reactants under similar experimental conditions or similar reactants under the same conditions, even though these parameters are supposed to be independent. The kinetic compensation effect (KCE) is demonstrated by a linear relationship between ln[A] and E/R in the eponymous Constable plot and has been the subject of more than 50 000 publications over the past 100 years, with no consensus opinion about the cause of this effect. In this paper, it is suggested that the linear relationship between ln[A] and E is the result of a real or spurious path dependence of the reaction history between the initial state of the pure reactant(s) and the final state of the pure product(s) having standard enthalpy and entropy differences, ΔH° and ΔS°, respectively. The single-step rate law approximation of a reversible reaction leads to T₀ = H°/ΔS° as the dynamic thermal (thermodynamic) equilibrium temperature and 1/T₀ = (ln[A̅/k₀])/(E̅/R) as the slope of a Constable/KCE plot or the crossover temperature of Arrhenius lines in an isokinetic relationship (IKR), where A̅ and E̅ are mean values for the ensemble of compensating {E_i, A_i} pairs and k₀ is a constant that accounts for the path dependence of the reaction history and reconciles the KCE with the IKR. This proposed physical basis for the KCE and IKR is supported by qualitative agreement between ΔH° and ΔS° calculated from the statistics of compensating {E_i, A_i} pairs in the literature, and the difference in the standard enthalpies and entropies of formation of the products and reactants for thermal decomposition of organic peroxides, calcium carbonate, and poly(methyl methacrylate).

PMID:36867752 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07715

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2022 Dec;13(2):2151097. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2151097.

ABSTRACT

Background: A burn event can elicit symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in survivors and their partners and may impact the way these couple members interact with each other. They may try to protect each other from further emotional distress by avoiding talking about the burn event, but they may also show concern towards each other.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate bidirectional relationships between survivor’s and partner’s PTSD symptoms and two interpersonal processes: partner-oriented ‘self-regulation’, which is avoidance-oriented, and ‘expressed concern’, which is approach-oriented.Method: In this longitudinal multi-centre study, 119 burn survivors and their partners participated. Measures of PTSD symptoms, self-regulation, and expressed concern were administered in the acute phase following the burns, and follow-ups took place up to 18 months postburn. Intra- and interpersonal effects were examined in a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. Exploratory effects of burn severity were also investigated.Results: Within individuals, survivor’s expressed concern predicted later higher levels of survivor’s PTSD symptoms. In their partners, self-regulation and PTSD symptoms reinforced each other in the early phase postburn. Between the two couple members, partner’s expressed concern predicted later lower levels of survivor’s PTSD symptoms. Exploratory regression analyses showed that burn severity moderated the effect of survivor’s self-regulation on survivor’s PTSD symptoms, indicating that self-regulation was continuously related to higher levels of PTSD symptoms over time within more severely burned survivors, but not in less severely burned survivors.Conclusion: PTSD symptoms and self-regulation reinforced each other in partners and possibly also in more severely burned survivors. Partner’s expressed concern was related to lower levels of survivor’s PTSD symptoms, whereas survivor’s expressed concern was related to higher levels of survivor’s PTSD symptoms. These findings emphasize the importance of screening for and monitoring PTSD symptoms in burn survivors and their partner and of encouraging couple’s self-disclosure.

PMID:36867741 | DOI:10.1080/20008066.2022.2151097

Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2023 Mar 6. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000001115. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is normally expressed on myelomonocytic cells and a subset of B lymphocytes. It was found to be differentially expressed between nodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). However, MNDA has not been widely used as a diagnostic marker in clinical practice. To validate its utility, we studied the expression of MNDA by immunohistochemistry in 313 cases of small B-cell lymphomas. Our results showed that MNDA was positive in 77.9% of MZL, 21.9% of mantle cell lymphoma, 28.9% of small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 2.6% of FL, and 25% of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. MNDA positivity varied from 68.0% to 84.0% among the 3 MZL subtypes, with extranodal MZL having the highest percentage. There was a statistically significant difference in MNDA expression between MZL and FL, mantle cell lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. CD43 expression was slightly more frequent in MNDA-negative MZL than in MNDA-positive MZL. Combined use of CD43 and MNDA improved the diagnostic sensitivity for MZL from 77.9% to 87.8%. There was a trend of positive correlation between MNDA and p53 in MZL. In conclusion, MNDA is preferentially expressed in MZL among small B-cell lymphomas and it is a useful marker for the differentiation of MZL and FL.

PMID:36867739 | DOI:10.1097/PAI.0000000000001115

J Osteopath Med. 2023 Mar 6. doi: 10.1515/jom-2022-0172. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:36867732 | DOI:10.1515/jom-2022-0172

Am Surg. 2023 Mar 3:31348231161676. doi: 10.1177/00031348231161676. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Retrospective analysis, validating the brain injury guideline (BIG) in the management of traumatic head injury in our level II trauma center after implementation of the protocol, and compare the outcomes to those seen before the protocol, of 542 patients seen in the Emergency Department (ED), with head injury between 2017 and 2021 was completed. Those patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (pre BIG protocol implementation) and Group 2 (post BIG protocol implementation). Data included age, race, length of stay (hospital and ICU), comorbid conditions, anticoagulant therapy, surgical intervention, GCS, ISS, findings of head CT and any subsequent progression, mortality, and readmission within one month. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. There were 314 patients in group 1 and 228 patients in group 2. Mean age of group 2 was significantly higher than group 1 (67 vs 59 years, p=0.0001), however their gender was similar. Data available on 526 patients were classified as BIG 1=122, BIG 2=73, and BIG 3=331 patients. Post-implementation group were older (70 vs 44 years, P=0.0001) with more females (67% vs 45%, P=0.05) and had significantly more than 4 comorbid conditions (29% vs 8%, P=0.004), with the majority presented with a size of 4 mm or less of acute subdural or subarachnoid hematoma. No patient in either group had progression of their neurological examination, neurosurgical intervention, or readmission.. Elderly trauma patients may benefit from implementation of BIG criteria protocol, thus reducing cost of patient care, however a larger sample size is needed.

PMID:36867721 | DOI:10.1177/00031348231161676

J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jan 31. doi: 10.2196/44242. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Telehealth has been increasingly adopted by healthcare systems since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although telehealth may provide convenience for patients and clinicians, there are several barriers to accessing it and using it effectively to provide high quality patient care.

OBJECTIVE: This study, was part of a larger multisite community engaged study conducted to understand the impact of COVID-19 on diverse communities. The work described here explored the perceptions of and experience with telehealth use among diverse and underserved community members during COVID-19.

METHODS: We used mixed methods across three regions in the US (Midwest, Arizona, and Florida) from January 2021-November 2021. We promoted our study through social media and community partnerships, disseminating flyers in English and Spanish. We developed a moderator guide and conducted focus groups in English and Spanish mostly using a videoconferencing platform. Participants were placed in focus groups with others who shared similar demographic attributes and geographic location. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. We analyzed our qualitative data using the framework analytic approach. We developed our broader survey using validated scales and with input from community and scientific leaders and distributed it through social media in English and Spanish. We included a previously published questionnaire which had been used to assess perceptions about telehealth among patients with HIV. We analyzed our quantitative data using SAS software and standard statistical approaches. We examined the effect of region, age, ethnicity/race and education on use and perceptions of telehealth.

RESULTS: We included data from 47 focus groups. Due to our mode of dissemination, we cannot calculate a response rate for the survey. However, we received 3447 English language and 146 Spanish language responses. Over 90% of participants had internet access and 94% had used telehealth. About half of all participants agreed or strongly agreed that telehealth would be beneficial in the future because it better fit their schedules and they would not need to travel. However, about half also agreed or strongly agreed they would not be able to express themselves well and could not be examined when using telehealth. Indigenous participants were especially concerned about these issues when compared to other racial groups.

CONCLUSIONS: This work describes findings from a mixed methods community engaged research study about telehealth including perceived benefits and concerns. Although participants enjoyed the benefits of telehealth (not having to travel and easier scheduling) they also had concerns (not being able to express themselves well and not having a physical exam) about telehealth.. These sentiments were especially notable among the Indigenous population. Our work highlights the importance of fully understanding the impact of these novel health delivery modalities on the patient experience and actual or perceived quality of care received.

PMID:36867682 | DOI:10.2196/44242

Int J Biostat. 2023 Mar 6. doi: 10.1515/ijb-2022-0063. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Common statistical approaches are not designed to deal with so-called “short fat data” in biomarker pilot studies, where the number of biomarker candidates exceeds the sample size by magnitudes. High-throughput technologies for omics data enable the measurement of ten thousands and more biomarker candidates for specific diseases or states of a disease. Due to the limited availability of study participants, ethical reasons and high costs for sample processing and analysis researchers often prefer to start with a small sample size pilot study in order to judge the potential of finding biomarkers that enable – usually in combination – a sufficiently reliable classification of the disease state under consideration. We developed a user-friendly tool, called HiPerMAb that allows to evaluate pilot studies based on performance measures like multiclass AUC, entropy, area above the cost curve, hypervolume under manifold, and misclassification rate using Monte-Carlo simulations to compute the p-values and confidence intervals. The number of “good” biomarker candidates is compared to the expected number of “good” biomarker candidates in a data set with no association to the considered disease states. This allows judging the potential in the pilot study even if statistical tests with correction for multiple testing fail to provide any hint of significance.

PMID:36867668 | DOI:10.1515/ijb-2022-0063

PLoS Comput Biol. 2023 Mar 3;19(3):e1010941. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010941. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

As researchers develop computational models of neural systems with increasing sophistication and scale, it is often the case that fully de novo model development is impractical and inefficient. Thus arises a critical need to quickly find, evaluate, re-use, and build upon models and model components developed by other researchers. We introduce the NeuroML Database (NeuroML-DB.org), which has been developed to address this need and to complement other model sharing resources. NeuroML-DB stores over 1,500 previously published models of ion channels, cells, and networks that have been translated to the modular NeuroML model description language. The database also provides reciprocal links to other neuroscience model databases (ModelDB, Open Source Brain) as well as access to the original model publications (PubMed). These links along with Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF) search functionality provide deep integration with other neuroscience community modeling resources and greatly facilitate the task of finding suitable models for reuse. Serving as an intermediate language, NeuroML and its tooling ecosystem enable efficient translation of models to other popular simulator formats. The modular nature also enables efficient analysis of a large number of models and inspection of their properties. Search capabilities of the database, together with web-based, programmable online interfaces, allow the community of researchers to rapidly assess stored model electrophysiology, morphology, and computational complexity properties. We use these capabilities to perform a database-scale analysis of neuron and ion channel models and describe a novel tetrahedral structure formed by cell model clusters in the space of model properties and features. This analysis provides further information about model similarity to enrich database search.

PMID:36867658 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010941

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Mar 3;17(3):e0011173. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011173. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite the use of numerous methods of control measures, mosquito populations and mosquito-borne diseases are still increasing globally. Evidence-based action thresholds to initiate or intensify control activities have been identified as essential in reducing mosquito populations to required levels at the correct/optimal time. This systematic review was conducted to identify different mosquito control action thresholds existing across the world and associated surveillance and implementation characteristics.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Searches for literature published from 2010 up to 2021 were performed using two search engines, Google Scholar and PubMed Central, according to PRISMA guidelines. A set of inclusion/exclusion criteria were identified and of the 1,485 initial selections, only 87 were included in the final review. Thirty inclusions reported originally generated thresholds. Thirteen inclusions were with statistical models that seemed intended to be continuously utilized to test the exceedance of thresholds in a specific region. There was another set of 44 inclusions that solely mentioned previously generated thresholds. The inclusions with “epidemiological thresholds” outnumbered those with “entomological thresholds”. Most of the inclusions came from Asia and those thresholds were targeted toward Aedes and dengue control. Overall, mosquito counts (adult and larval) and climatic variables (temperature and rainfall) were the most used parameters in thresholds. The associated surveillance and implementation characteristics of the identified thresholds are discussed here.

CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The review identified 87 publications with different mosquito control thresholds developed across the world and published during the last decade. Associated surveillance and implementation characteristics will help organize surveillance systems targeting the development and implementation of action thresholds, as well as direct awareness towards already existing thresholds for those with programs lacking available resources for comprehensive surveillance systems. The findings of the review highlight data gaps and areas of focus to fill in the action threshold compartment of the IVM toolbox.

PMID:36867651 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011173