Category: Nevin Manimala

J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2026 Jan-Dec;24:22808000261442268. doi: 10.1177/22808000261442268. Epub 2026 Apr 21.

ABSTRACT

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly explored as alternatives to conventional antibiotics in wound care due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This study evaluates the antibacterial performance of α-lipoic acid-functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-LA) using an integrated experimental-computational approach combining molecular dynamics simulations and experimental validation. AgNPs-LA were synthesized via a controlled hydrothermal method employing biogenic reduction of silver ions to minimize cytotoxicity. Structural and compositional analyses confirmed successful surface functionalization with α-lipoic acid and D-glucose. Morphological characterization revealed predominantly spherical nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 37 to 90 nm. Antimicrobial agar disk diffusion assays demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Specifically, AgNPs-LA at 40 μg/mL produced inhibition zones statistically comparable to gentamicin against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (p > 0.05). Molecular dynamics simulations performed under isothermal-isochoric (constant number of particles, volume, and temperature; NVT) canonical ensemble indicated that the disulfide moiety of lipoic acid serves as the primary anchoring group to the silver surface, conferring stability through the formation of a structured hydrophobic surface layer. This interfacial configuration enhances nanoparticle stability and may improve pharmacokinetic clearance, thereby reducing the risk of systemic toxicity. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of AgNPs-LA as a safe and effective antimicrobial platform for wound management applications.

PMID:42014941 | DOI:10.1177/22808000261442268

Cancer Med. 2026 Apr;15(4):e71844. doi: 10.1002/cam4.71844.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Secondary primary solid malignancies (SPSMs) significantly impact long-term outcomes in lymphoma patients. However, subtype-specific differences remain unclear, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL).

METHODS: This study collected 1,377 DLBCL and 489 FL patients, identifying 50 DLBCL and 31 FL cases with SPSMs. Clinical characteristics, SPSM types, and survival were compared in these 81 patients. Demographic, clinical, treatment-related variables (including radiotherapy for primary lymphoma, recorded as yes/no), and survival outcomes were collected. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models. The cumulative incidence of SPSMs was evaluated with competing risk analysis (death as a competing event), and group comparisons were performed with Gray’s test. Prognostic factors identified in univariable analysis (p < 0.05) were included in a multivariable Cox model. A nomogram was developed, with discriminative ability assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS: SPSMs were observed more frequently in FL (6.34%) than DLBCL (3.63%). Thyroid cancer predominated (22.2%, 18/81). DLBCL patients developed SPSMs earlier than FL patients (median 28.47 vs. 41.77 months, p = 0.031), though cumulative incidence accounting for competing risks did not differ significantly (Gray’s test p = 0.34). DLBCL patients with SPSMs had inferior OS compared to FL patients (p = 0.04). Non-GCB DLBCL showed greater SPSM diversity and survival disadvantage. Multivariable analysis identified FL (vs. DLBCL) subtype (HR = 0.328, p = 0.018), bone marrow infiltration (HR = 2.815, p = 0.014), initial radiotherapy before SPSM diagnosis (HR = 3.475, p = 0.005), and shorter time to SPSM development (HR = 0.973 per month, p = 0.021) as independent prognostic factors for worse OS. The nomogram model showed acceptable discrimination, with an AUC of 0.761 in the time-dependent ROC analysis.

CONCLUSION: This study provides novel insights into SPSM characteristics and prognostic differences in DLBCL and FL patients within a Chinese cohort. SPSMs in FL patients were observed more frequently, while DLBCL patients, particularly those with non-GCB subtypes, experience earlier SPSM onset and poorer survival. The validated nomogram, incorporating lymphoma-related factors, enables personalized risk stratification. However, the single-center design, small sample size (n = 81), and lack of SPSM-specific data limit generalizability, necessitating multi-center studies with comprehensive SPSM characterization for validation.

PMID:42014937 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.71844

Commun Biol. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s42003-026-10082-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

With the rising prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the development of new drugs targeting this condition is particularly urgent. Sabinineoside B, a new compound of phenanthrene alkaloid glycoside isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Sabia parviflora. Through establishing a high-fat diet mouse model and integrating metabolomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analyses, this study elucidated the efficacy and mechanism of Sabinineoside B in treating MASLD, while preliminarily evaluating its pharmacokinetics and safety. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays and siRNA techniques were employed to validate the binding interaction between Sabinineoside B and key targets. We found that the Sabinineoside B protein significantly reduces lipid deposition and liver damage in mice on a high-fat diet. Integrated multi-omics analysis and Western blot experiments revealed that Sabinineoside B regulates lipid metabolism and exerts lipid-lowering effects by modulating the PPAR α signaling pathway. Knocking down PPAR α attenuates the regulatory effect of Sabinineoside B on the lipid-lowering pathway, indicating that the molecular mechanism of Sabinineoside B’s lipid-lowering activity may be achieved by targeting PPAR α.

PMID:42014914 | DOI:10.1038/s42003-026-10082-6

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-49918-w. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42014908 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-49918-w

Commun Med (Lond). 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s43856-026-01598-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy where many patients relapse after standard therapy, necessitating novel approaches. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory cell death that can stimulate antitumor immunity. Histone deacetylases are frequently overexpressed in DLBCL and contribute to immune evasion. This study investigates whether combining the HDAC inhibitor chidamide with cisplatin and etoposide induces pyroptosis and enhances antitumor immune responses.

METHODS: We evaluated chidamide combined with cisplatin and etoposide in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines and syngeneic mouse models. Cell death mechanisms were analyzed using immunoblotting and imaging. Tumor growth and immune cell infiltration were assessed in immunocompetent mice, with the role of adaptive immunity evaluated through CD8-positive T cell depletion. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance where appropriate.

RESULTS: Here we show that chidamide synergistically potentiates cisplatin and etoposide efficacy by upregulating gasdermin E expression and promoting its caspase-3-dependent cleavage, thereby triggering pyroptosis. This combination remodels the tumor microenvironment, increasing infiltration of dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and CD8-positive T cells while reducing immunosuppressive macrophages. Depletion of CD8-positive T cells abolishes the therapeutic benefit, demonstrating their essential role.

CONCLUSIONS: The chidamide-cisplatin-etoposide combination triggers immunogenic pyroptosis via the caspase-3/gasdermin E axis and activates adaptive immunity. This regimen represents a promising therapeutic strategy for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma warranting clinical investigation.

PMID:42014876 | DOI:10.1038/s43856-026-01598-3

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45941-z. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42014863 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-45941-z

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45728-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The incorporation of aluminum dross into cement-based mortars offers potential benefits for environmental sustainability; however, it may adversely affect the mechanical performance of the material. This study integrates experimental testing with statistical analysis to evaluate the influence of aluminum dross on the mechanical properties of mortar specimens exposed to sulfuric acid (pH 1.5). Compressive strength, flexural strength, and mass variation were measured for mortars containing different aluminum dross contents. Following 28 days of water curing, the specimens were immersed in sulfuric acid for periods ranging from 0 to 90 days. The results indicate that exposure to sulfuric acid led to progressive deterioration in all mortar mixtures, with average reductions of 39% in compressive strength after 14 days and about 80% after 90 days. Before acid exposure, increasing aluminum dross content reduced the initial mechanical strength by up to 28% compared with the control mixture. Under prolonged acidic conditions, slag-containing mortars-particularly those incorporating 10% and 15% aluminum dross-exhibited reduced strength loss and enhanced acid resistance compared to slag-free control specimens. Statistical analysis demonstrated strong correlations between mechanical properties, acid exposure duration, and mass loss, whereas the effect of aluminum dross content was less significant. These findings underline both the potential benefits and the practical limitations of using aluminum dross in sustainable cement mortar applications subjected to acidic exposure.

PMID:42014862 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-45728-2

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-49546-4. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42014844 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-49546-4

NPJ Digit Med. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41746-026-02638-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Parental divorce is common and linked to adverse mental health outcomes and reduced well-being in children and adolescents, yet digital interventions for this group remain scarce. This study reports on a randomized controlled trial of a digital intervention (SES NXT) for children and adolescents aged 3-17 experiencing parental divorce. Participants (n = 866) were randomized to either SES NXT (n = 449) or a waitlist control group (n = 417). At 12-week follow-up from baseline, the intervention group showed medium to large improvements across all primary and secondary mental health and well-being outcomes versus the waitlist control group, as measured by the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ). Primary outcomes included emotional symptoms, total difficulties, and impairment (Cohen’s (d) = 0.66-0.71, all p’s < 0.001). Secondary outcomes included conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, and prosocial behavior (Cohen’s (d) = 0.47-0.56, all p’s < 0.001). Findings are discussed through the Divorce-Stress-Adjustment framework and within the Northern European (Danish) cultural context.

PMID:42014835 | DOI:10.1038/s41746-026-02638-x

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-49838-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

As the scale and complexity of underground structures continue to increase, seismic dynamic analysis places higher demands on numerical computing capacity. In this study, a seismic time-history analysis framework based on high-performance parallel computing is adopted, and a refined three-dimensional finite element model with more than five million elements is established to assess the feasibility of large-scale three-dimensional seismic analysis for complex underground structures. In addition, the dynamic response characteristics of a fully prefabricated underground metro station under E2-level earthquake excitation are systematically analysed. The displacement and stress responses of the soil-station system exhibit pronounced spatial non-uniformity, with high-response regions mainly distributed in the lower part of the model, along the soil-structure interface, and at structural geometric transitions and connection zones. Statistical results from representative monitoring points indicate that the locations of peak acceleration and peak displacement do not fully coincide. Further analysis shows that Kobe-wave input mainly amplifies the response without changing the dominant system-level response pattern, whereas changes in CHC joint stiffness primarily affect local response levels and the distribution of high-response regions. Taken together, these findings suggest that, with appropriate modelling and solution strategies, large-scale three-dimensional numerical simulations can effectively characterise the system-level dynamic response of fully prefabricated underground metro stations and provide a practical basis for the seismic assessment of complex underground structures.

PMID:42014818 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-49838-9