Category: Nevin Manimala

J Cancer Surviv. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s11764-021-01139-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: AYAs with cancer have unique psychosocial needs, with reproductive health being a primary concern. The ECHO training program provides reproductive health communication training to individuals providing care for AYAs with cancer. The purpose of this project is to describe the growth of ECHO and evaluate changes in learner engagement over a 5-year period.

METHODS: ECHO is an 8-week online training program offered annually, with the program including learning modules, discussion topics and reflections, and synchronous discussions. Reflection quality scores and number of words were compared between the 5 cohorts using ANOVA with a p < .05 level of significance. Descriptive statistics summarized module topics, reflections, and synchronous discussions.

RESULTS: The average number of reflections per unique learner increased each year (1.4 in cohort 1 vs 4.1 in cohort 5), as did average length and quality of reflections (72.1 words in cohort 1 vs 203.4 words in cohort 5, p < .0001; score of 1.21 in cohort 1 vs 4.46 in cohort 5, p < .0001). The percentage of learners in attendance at synchronous discussions increased between cohorts 4 and 5 (4.8% of learners in cohort 4 vs 18.8% of learners cohort 5).

CONCLUSIONS: The ECHO program has seen significant growth and improvement in learner engagement over a 5-year period. This is particularly important given that student learning outcomes in online courses can be predicted by the level of engagement with online content.

IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: As fertility and reproductive health remain a top life goal and discussion priority for AYAs surviving cancer, increasing clinical competencies of AHPs in oncofertility is essential.

PMID:35031917 | DOI:10.1007/s11764-021-01139-y

Ir J Med Sci. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s11845-021-02868-w. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Nutrition is a basic need and is crucial for the persistence of good health. This awareness has increased since December 2019 during the pandemic that the world is still facing. The importance of nutrition in infectious diseases was emphasized but the relationship between the severity of symptoms and nutrition status of individuals was not examined. This study compared the nutrition status of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the emergency service and the clinical severity of the disease. Based on the nutrition status of the 337 patients included in the study, 87.2% (294) of the patients were in the low-risk group while 12.8% (43) were in the high-risk group in terms of malnutrition. In the analysis conducted to examine the effect of nutrition on the severity of disease, the relationship between NRS 2002 and dyspnea, cough, weakness, fever, and other symptoms was statistically significant. It was concluded that healthy nutrition is crucial during the pandemic, and it is necessary to consider nutrition improvement as a way to cope with emerging viral infections.

PMID:35031937 | DOI:10.1007/s11845-021-02868-w

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s10482-021-01696-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Current study was undertaken to carry out the genome-wide analysis of a multipotent isolate from desert soil which was previously identified as Bacillus tequilensis based on 16S rDNA analysis. This study also aims to characterize the serine protease and its biocatalytic potentials implying a combination of empirical and in-silico approaches. Next generation sequencing and short read de novo assembly generated the 4,235,084 bp draft genome of Bacillus sp. ZMS-2. Genome sequence analysis by digital DNA:DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity classified the isolate as Bacillus subtilis ZMS-2 (Bioproject ID: PRJNA691551). Genome annotation revealed 10 antibiotic resistance genes, 8 antibiotic/antifungal gene clusters and 25 genes encoding proteases including subtilisin E, an extracellular alkaline protease. This extracellular protease (ZMS-2 protease) was produced using a statistically optimized medium, purified partially and characterized as alkaline serine protease. The partially purified ZMS-2 protease (780 U/mL) showed a 21 mm zone of casein hydrolysis and dehaired goat skin by pulling out hair with roots. These catalytic potentials of ZMS-2 protease were further confirmed using scanning electron microscopy of casein beads and dehaired skin. The study concludes B. subtilis ZMS-2 as a potent producer of a protease with promising potentials of commercial importance.

PMID:35031913 | DOI:10.1007/s10482-021-01696-3

Community Ment Health J. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s10597-021-00926-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Social capital is a complex concept that is considered an effective factor in the development of societies. Considering the importance of burdens of psychiatric disorders in Iran, we studied the relationship between various dimensions of social capital of parents of children and adolescents and psychiatric disorders among them. In this cross-sectional study, 18,940 parents of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years old were randomly selected from all provinces of Iran and were evaluated by the Millon clinical multiaxial inventory-III (MCMI-III) and a modified version of Nahapiet and Ghoshal questionnaire. MCMI-III was designed as a self-report tool for investigating psychiatric clinical disorders and personality traits in the general population. Modified Nahapiet and ghoshal questionnaire has 20 items and measures four components of social capital included trust, values, communication, and collaboration. Validity and reliability of both questionnaires have been approved in Iran. In the regression model, the relationship between social capital components and clinical and sever clinical syndromes, in the form of regression weight and standard weight for trust was – 0.558 and – 0.062 with p value less than 0.0001, and for values was – 0.466 and – 0.057, respectively, with p value less than 0.0001. There was a reverse correlation between social capital components of parents of children and adolescents and psychiatric disorders in Iran. In regression statistical models, the two components of values and trust were negative predictors of psychiatric disorders. Considering the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iran, it seems that the strengthening of cognitive and structural aspects of social capital of parents of children and adolescents is one of the effective factors in reducing the prevalence of these disorders among them.

PMID:35031903 | DOI:10.1007/s10597-021-00926-2

Neurosurg Rev. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s10143-021-01632-z. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Endovascular coiling has revolutionized intracranial aneurysm treatment; however, recurrence continues to represent a major limitation. The hydrogel coil was developed to increase packing density and improve neck healing and therefore decrease recurrence rates. In this paper, we review treatment outcomes of first- (1HCs) and second-generation (2HCs) hydrogel coils and compare them to those of bare platinum coils (BPC). A query of multiple databases was performed. Articles with at least 10 aneurysms treated with either 1HC or 2HC were selected for analysis. Collected data included aneurysm size, rupture status, initial occlusion, initial residual neck/aneurysm, packing density, mortality, morbidity, recurrence, and retreatment rates. The primary endpoint was recurrence at final follow-up. Secondary endpoints included residual neck and dome rates as well as procedure-related complications and functional dependence at final follow-up. Studies that compared 1HC to BPC showed significant lower recurrence (24% vs. 30.8%, p = 0.02) and higher packing density (58.5% vs. 24.1%, p < 0.001) in 1HC but no significant difference in initial occlusion rate (p = 0.08). Studies that compared 2HC to BPC showed lower recurrence (6.3% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.007) and retreatment rates (3.4% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.010) as well as higher packing density (36.4% vs. 29.2%, p = 0.002) in 2HC, with similar initial occlusion rate (p = 0.86). The rate of complications was not statistically different between HC (25.5%) and BPC (22.6%, p = 0.06). Based on our review, the 1HC and 2HC achieved higher packing density and lower recurrence rates compared to BPC. The safety profile was similar between both groups.

PMID:35031898 | DOI:10.1007/s10143-021-01632-z

Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04326-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the extent and severity of periodontal disease among type 1 diabetic patients (T1DM) and to investigate the possible association with systemic markers of glucose control and variability.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were consecutively enrolled in a Diabetic Unit. A full-mouth periodontal evaluation was performed, and data on systemic markers of diabetes were collected. Descriptive statistics and logistic and linear models were performed.

RESULTS: A total of 136 T1DM patients (mean age: 45.5 ± 14.6 years) were examined. Periodontitis was detected in 62% of cases (mean CAL: 3.0 ± 0.9 mm): stage III periodontitis was diagnosed in 32% of patients while stage IV in 8%. Mean level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 7.5% ± 1.4. Among the investigated factors, mean CAL (p=0.040) was associated with HbA1c ≥ 7%; 93% of patients with mean CAL > 6 mm showed HbA1c ≥ 7%. Mean CAL (p=0.004), mean PPD (p=0.005), mean FMPS (p=0.030), and stage III/IV periodontitis (p=0.018) predict glucose coefficient of variation (CV).

CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis showed a relevant prevalence in the present, well-controlled T1DM population and predicts poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%) and higher glucose variability. The present findings suggest that periodontal infection may have systemic effects also in T1DM patients.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The extent and severity of periodontitis and its possible systemic effects in T1DM patients could be underestimated.

PMID:35031877 | DOI:10.1007/s00784-021-04326-4

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022 Jan 14. doi: 10.1007/s00590-022-03204-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Open talus fractures are notoriously difficult to manage, and they are commonly associated with a high level of complications including non-union, avascular necrosis and infection. Currently, the management of such injuries is based upon BOAST 4 guidelines although there is no suggested definitive management, and thus, definitive management is based upon surgeon preference. The key principles of open talus fracture management which do not vary between surgeons are early debridement, orthoplastic wound care, anatomic reduction and definitive fixation whenever possible. However, there is much debate over whether the talus should be preserved or removed after open talus fracture/dislocation and proceeded to tibiocalcaneal fusion.

METHODS: A review of electronic hospital records for open talus fractures from 2014 to 2021 returned fourteen patients with fifteen open talus fractures. Seven cases were initially managed with ORIF, and five cases were definitively managed with FUSION, while the others were managed with alternative methods. We collected patient’s age, gender, surgical complications, surgical risk factors and post-treatment functional ability and pain and compliance with BOAST guidelines. The average follow-up of the cohort was 4 years and one month. EQ-5D-5L and FAAM-ADL/Sports score was used as a patient reported outcome measure. Data were analysed using the software PRISM.

RESULTS: Comparison between FUSION and ORIF groups showed no statistically significant difference in EQ-5D-5L score (P = 0.13), FAAM-ADL (P = 0.20), FAAM-Sport (P = 0.34), infection rate (P = 0.55), surgical times (P = 0.91) and time to weight bearing (P = 0.39), despite a higher proportion of polytrauma and Hawkins III and IV fractures in the FUSION group.

CONCLUSION: FUSION is typically used as second line to ORIF or failed ORIF. However, there is a lack of studies that directly compared outcome in open talus fracture patients definitively managed with FUSION or ORIF. Our results demonstrate for the first time that FUSION may not be inferior to ORIF in terms of patient functional outcome, infection rate and quality of life, in the management of patients with open talus fracture patients. Of note, as open talus fractures have increased risks of complications such as osteonecrosis and non-union, FUSION should be considered as a viable option to mitigate these potential complications in these patients.

PMID:35031854 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-022-03204-3

Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Jan 15;54(1):57. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03064-3.

ABSTRACT

The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was standardized for rapid detection of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. A total of 250 foot swabs were screened from sheep (200) and goats (50) from different districts of Rayalaseema, viz., Chittoor, Nellore, Kadapa, and Anantapur. Out of 250 samples 75 (30.0%) and 85 (34.0%) were positive for D. nodosus and F. necrophorum, respectively. All the 250 samples were screened individually for both the organisms by LAMP. Among them, 104 (41.6%) were found to be positive for D. nodosus and 120 (48.0%) were positive for F. necrophorum. The efficacy of LAMP in terms of sample DNA detection limit was compared with the PCR by using standard dilutions of DNA extracted from D. nodosus and F. necrophorum cultures. The detection limit was found to be higher than PCR for both the organisms. The sensitivity of LAMP is compared with PCR by targeting 16S rRNA gene of D. nodosus and lktA gene of F. necrophorum. In case of D. nodosus, out of 250 samples, 75 (30.0%) were positive by PCR and 104 (41.6%) were positive by LAMP. Among 250 samples, 85 (34.0%) were positive by PCR and 120 (48.0%) were positive by LAMP in case of F. necrophorum. The LAMP was found to be more sensitive than PCR in detecting the organisms with high statistical significance.

PMID:35031870 | DOI:10.1007/s11250-022-03064-3

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00590-021-03186-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cutibacterium Acnes (C.acnes) has been linked to several shoulder pathologies. An alternative hypothesis suggests it only occurs in the joint secondary to previous instrumentation. Our hypothesis was patients with previous instrumentation would have C.acnes in their joint if it was in skin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-six patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery had biopsies taken from the affected joint at the time of surgery, along with control biopsies of subdermal fat. The extended culture results were assessed and correlated to previous intervention.

RESULTS: 35% tested positive for C.acnes in their joint. 78% were male. 53% had absence of C.acnes in both skin and joint and 29% had presence in both (p = 0.0001). 15% with previous surgery had C.acnes. 53% with previous injection had C.acnes. 25% of patients with virgin joints had C.acnes. There was no statistical difference in the presence of C.acnes in the joint between those with previous instrumentation and without.

CONCLUSION: The significant factors for joint C.acnes were male sex and the presence of the bacteria in the fat. Previous instrumentation was not correlated with C.acnes in the joint. This raises the question of whether the process of biopsy itself may lead to inoculation of the joint.

PMID:35031853 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-021-03186-8

Rheumatol Int. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00296-021-05063-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of anti-HMGCR antibodies in idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) at a tertiary care centre in northern India. Data (adult and children) were retrieved from the MyoCite dataset, identifying patients with polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and antibody-negative IIM whilst fulfilling the ACR/EULAR criteria. SLE, sarcoidosis, and systemic sclerosis were included for comparison as disease controls. The baseline clinical profile, laboratory tests, and muscle biopsies were retrieved and analysed. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistics were used for comparison. Among 128 IIM (112 adults, 16 children, M:F 1:2.8) of age 37 (24-47) years and 6 (3-17) months disease duration, 4 (3.6%) young adults tested positive for anti-HMGCR antibodies. All children and disease control tested negative for the antibody. Anti-HMGCR + IIM exhibited higher muscle enzymes [AST (367 vs 104 IU/L, p = 0.045), ALT (502 vs 78 IU/L, p = 0.004), and CPK (12,242 vs 699 IU/L, p = 0.001] except lactate dehydrogenase with less frequent systemic features such as fatigue than antibody-negative IIM. One young girl presented with a Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) with chronic pattern. None of the patients exhibited rashes, statin exposure, or cancer, though one had anti-Ro52 and mild disease. Our observations depict a younger population while affirming previous literature, including NM-like presentation, and chronic LGMD-like pattern of weakness in one case. Although a small number of children were included, ours is one of the few paediatric studies that evaluated HMGCR antibodies thus far. Further investigations in a larger Indian cohort are warranted to substantiate our findings.

PMID:35031847 | DOI:10.1007/s00296-021-05063-3