Category: Nevin Manimala

BMC Oral Health. 2026 Aug 8;26(1):1383. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09411-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Conventional removable partial dentures (RPDs) involve a process that is often susceptible to errors and demands a significant investment of time. The introduction of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and materials witnessed significant advancements in recent years to produce accurate removable partial dentures. This study evaluated the retention and wear of PolyEtherKetoneKetone (PEKK) compared to Cobalt-Chromium (CoCr) in digitally fabricated double crown removable partial dentures for lower Kennedy Class I cases.

METHODS: The study was performed on 3D digital models of mandibular Kennedy Class I with prepared premolars bilaterally. The double crown RPDs were designed and fabricated digitally to get 14 copies of RPDs. Two groups were defined (n = 7); the first group were milled from Co-Cr discs, and the other’s from PEKK blanks. Initial retention was measured using a universal testing machine. RPDs were then subjected to dynamic loading in a chewing simulator over 100,000 cycles followed by 540 manual insertion and removal cycles and were remounted on the testing machine to measure final retention simulating six months. Wear was assessed using Geomagic Control X software, where negative deviations highlighted areas of degradation. Data was collected and analyzed for statistical analysis. Two Sample t-test was used to compare between the two groups and Paired t test to study the changes within each group. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS: PEKK group showed a statistically significantly higher final retentive values after 6 months (11.6 N) than Co-Cr (2 N). Moreover, results showed higher retention loss in Co-Cr group (16.9 N) compared to PEKK (3.7 N). Additionally, wear assessment of primary copings indicated a higher deviation in the Co-Cr group (-0.25 mm) compared to PEKK (-0.096 mm), with a notable correlation (0.651, P-value = 0.011) between retention loss and wear.

CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that PEKK provided digitally fabricated double crown RPDs with higher retention values and less wear than Co-Cr after simulation of 6 months of RPD use.

PMID:42568076 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-026-09411-2

BMC Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 24;26(1):610. doi: 10.1186/s12888-026-08412-3.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Sexual dysfunction and distress are common among depressed patients and significantly affect their quality of life. This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and distress and identify potential associated factors.

METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with data collection from April to June, 2025. The study involved 258 participants with depression aged 18-65, recruited using a convenience sampling technique. The study tool consisted of a questionnaire we developed to assess sociodemographic and other factors and the validated Arabic versions of the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R) to measure sexual distress and the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) to evaluate sexual functioning.

RESULTS: The ASEX mean total score was 18.04 ± 6.4, with 45.74% of participants exhibiting sexual dysfunction. A statistically significant relation was found between sexual dysfunction and female sex (p < 0.001), lower monthly income (p = 0.004), history of chronic diseases (p = 0.022), taking medications for them (p = 0.016), and experiencing physical symptoms (p = 0.001). The FSDS-R mean total score was 20.62 ± 14.4, and 72.09% were deemed to be experiencing sexual distress. A statistically significant relation was found between experiencing sexual distress and marital status (p = 0.008), having other psychiatric disorders (p = 0.048), positive history of smoking cigarettes (p = 0.010) and its duration (p = 0.024), and positive history of chronic diseases (p = 0.018).

CONCLUSION: The study highlights the concerning figures of sexual dysfunction and distress among patients with depression and that numerous factors could be associated with them. These findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving teams from psychiatry, gynecology, and urology. The findings also reflect the need to screen for high-risk groups, such as those with other psychiatric and chronic medical illnesses. Moreover, the findings highlight the need for prevention, early detection, and effective intervention for sexual dysfunction and distress to mitigate their negative consequences.

PMID:42568075 | DOI:10.1186/s12888-026-08412-3

Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2026 Aug 7;21(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s13023-026-04529-6.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:42568074 | DOI:10.1186/s13023-026-04529-6

Am J Health Promot. 2026 Aug 7:8901171261468183. doi: 10.1177/08901171261468183. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PurposeTo determine whether the specificity of mandates in Wisconsin’s state comprehensive planning statute is associated with the inclusion and actionability of healthy eating and active living items in local comprehensive plans.DesignRetrospective, cross-sectional, multilevel policy content analysis.SettingWisconsin.Sample93 local comprehensive plans, stratified by urbanicity and regional planning commission area.MeasuresLocal comprehensive plans were scored using the Healthy Living and Active Design Scorecard for Comprehensive Plans. Wisconsin’s state comprehensive planning statute was evaluated for general or specific mandates for each item in the Scorecard.AnalysisDifference in weighted percentage of municipalities scoring for items not mandated, mandated with general language, and mandated with specific language; one-sided Welch difference of means tests.ResultsMandating an item with general language is associated with a 33.6 percentage point higher inclusion rate in local plans and mandating an item with specific language is associated with a 50.2 percentage point higher inclusion rate in local plans. All differences are statistically significant at the 0.05 confidence level.ConclusionHealthy eating and active living items that are mandated by state statute are more likely to be included in local comprehensive plans than items that are not mandated. Mandated items are also more likely to be included in local comprehensive plans in an actionable manner, which may make them more likely to be implemented.

PMID:42568066 | DOI:10.1177/08901171261468183

Scand J Prim Health Care. 2026 Dec;44(1):2712981. doi: 10.1080/02813432.2026.2712981. Epub 2026 Aug 7.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between alcohol consumption and the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and all-cause mortality exhibits significant regional variation.

OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed to investigate this association analyzing data from a cohort of Swedish men aged 45-50 years at baseline, evaluating subgroups over various time intervals, and compiling data on cardiovascular endpoints.

METHODS: The Coeur study, conducted between 1993 and 1995, included 973 middle-aged male employees out of a randomly selected sample of 1144 individuals from a Swedish automotive company. Participants were followed for 30 years using national health registers. The accumulated incidence of first-time stroke, first-time MI and all-cause mortality was calculated and adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Data analysis employed time-to-event methods (Kaplan-Meier’s estimates and hazard ratios) and measures of association (odds ratios and correlation analysis).

RESULTS: No statistically significant association was observed between alcohol consumption and stroke (p > 0.05). However, alcohol consumption was associated with lower odds of MI (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41-0.79) and a slight increase in survival time (HR = 0.997, 95% CI: 0.995-1.000). Alcohol consumers had a median survival advantage of 1.3 years compared to non-consumers. All beverage types showed a negative association with all-cause mortality (total alcohol: OR = 0.57; beer: OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50-0.92; wine: OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.41-0.75). Conversely, beer consumption was linked to higher odds of MI (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.05-2.75).

CONCLUSIONS: While alcohol consumption in middle-aged men after 30 years follow-up is associated with increased survival time, beer correlates with a higher likelihood of MI.

PMID:42568036 | DOI:10.1080/02813432.2026.2712981

Neurocrit Care. 2026 Aug 7. doi: 10.1007/s12028-026-02597-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

There is limited real-world evidence on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) in Latin America. This study describes the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of RSE in a tertiary neurological intensive care unit (NICU) in Mexico. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults (≥ 18 years) with RSE admitted from 2010 to 2022. All patients were initially analyzed as a single cohort; a prespecified secondary analysis stratified patients by preexisting epilepsy and identified those with new-onset RSE (NORSE). Patients were identified via electronic medical records and met the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) definition. Clinical, imaging, laboratory, and EEG data were collected. Outcomes included seizure cessation, functional status at NICU discharge (mRS), and prognostic scores (STESS and END-IT). Statistical analysis involved descriptive measures, chi-square/Fisher’s exact tests, t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and multinomial logistic regression. Significance was set at p < 0.05. We analyzed 102 patients with RSE; 52.9% were women, median age 34 (26-44) years. Preexisting epilepsy was present in 70.6%, and 29.4% had NORSE. Most common etiologies were infections (23.5%), structural/vascular (22.5%), and treatment-related (16.7%). EEG most commonly showed slowing; interictal epileptiform discharges appeared in 27.7%. Treatment was heterogeneous; 82.4% required third-line therapy. Median hospitalization was 21.5 days, with mechanical ventilation averaging 8 days. Resolution occurred in 87.3%. One patient underwent surgery, without complications. Preexisting epilepsy was significantly associated with prior SE (p = 0.011), resolution (p = 0.001), unfavorable mRS (p = 0.046), and higher STESS (p = 0.001) and END-IT (p = 0.021) scores. END-IT also correlated with third-line treatment (p < 0.001). This study offers real-world insights into RSE in a resource-limited setting, highlighting preventable causes, management complexity, and high care demands. Despite limitations, favorable outcomes are often achievable.

PMID:42568019 | DOI:10.1007/s12028-026-02597-x

Atten Percept Psychophys. 2026 Aug 7;88(7):174. doi: 10.3758/s13414-026-03319-3.

ABSTRACT

Previous research has shown that production of an action toward a visual stimulus may prioritize features of that stimulus for a brief period of time. One recent report has suggested that such an action effect specifically influences ensemble processing – the extraction of summary statistics from a display of multiple items. In the present study we replicate the results that led to that conclusion by having participants assess the mean size of elements in an ensemble after having made an action to either a small or large object. The size of the acted-on object biased the ensemble judgment, but merely viewing the same object produced no such bias. In two subsequent experiments we found the same pattern of results when participants were asked to judge the size of an individual object – not an ensemble. Because the same pattern occurred even when ensemble processing was not required, the action appears to affect some aspect of the task other than ensemble processing (such as perception of visual stimuli in general, or processes related to memory, decision making or response selection), limiting the conclusions that are possible about ensemble processing, but revealing an important new effect of action.

PMID:42568018 | DOI:10.3758/s13414-026-03319-3

Int Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 8;46(1):329. doi: 10.1007/s10792-026-04201-9.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify determinants of visually significant cataract among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending a tertiary eye care center hospital in south Ethiopia.

METHODS: An unmatched case-control study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital-Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center from February to April 2024. We enrolled 80 cases and 160 controls. The data were collected through interviews, physical measurements, and medical records revision using a pretested questionnaire. Variables with a P-value < 0.2 in a Pearson’s chi-square test were included in a multivariate logistic regression model, where a P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance of the predictors.

RESULTS: The response rate was 91.95%. Significant predictors of visually significant cataract were urban residence (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI 1.53-7.42), current substance use (AOR = 6.29, 95% CI 3.16-9.28), diabetes duration of 2-5 years (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI 1.30-6.74), diabetes duration > 5 years (AOR = 4.35, 95% CI 2.14-7.38), and comorbid hypertension (AOR = 4.01, 95% CI 2.15-8.19).

CONCLUSION: Urban residency, current substance use, longer duration of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were statistically significant predictors of visually significant cataract. Early and periodic eye screening for these high-risk groups is essential for timely intervention.

PMID:42568015 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-026-04201-9

Clin Oral Investig. 2026 Aug 8;30(9):379. doi: 10.1007/s00784-026-07060-x.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether vertical occlusal anomalies are associated with deep cervical flexor endurance (DCFE), cervical flexor strength (CFS), and craniovertebral angle (CVA).

METHODS: Sixty-two adolescents (mean age: 12.8 ± 1.5 years) were included in this cross-sectional study and allocated to a vertical occlusal anomaly group (VOAG, n = 31) or a control group without vertical anomalies (NVOAG, n = 31). DCFE, CFS, and CVA were assessed using standardized clinical methods. Between-group comparisons were performed, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to adjust for age, sex, and body weight.

RESULTS: DCFE was significantly lower in the VOAG compared with the NVOAG (17.1 ± 6.9 s vs. 22.2 ± 7.8 s; p = 0.009), representing an approximate 23% reduction and a medium effect size (Cohen’s d = – 0.68). No significant between-group differences were observed for CFS (p = 0.379) or CVA (p = 0.190). DCFE was positively correlated with age, body weight, and sex (all p < 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, vertical occlusal anomaly status remained independently associated with DCFE (F(1,57) = 8.18, p = 0.006, partial η² = 0.127).

CONCLUSIONS: Vertical occlusal anomalies are associated with reduced DCFE in adolescents, independent of growth-related factors. This association appears to be specific to endurance capacity, as cervical strength and head posture were not affected. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of this finding.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Assessment of cervical muscle endurance may provide additional functional insight in adolescents with vertical occlusal anomalies and support interdisciplinary evaluation in orthodontic practice. Although statistically significant, the clinical relevance of this approximately 5-second difference remains uncertain, as no minimal clinically important difference has been established for DCFE.

PMID:42567993 | DOI:10.1007/s00784-026-07060-x

Qual Life Res. 2026 Aug 7;35(9):257. doi: 10.1007/s11136-026-04368-9.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) is widely used to measure disease-specific health status in coronary artery disease, but its psychometric properties have not been evaluated using multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). We evaluated the SAQ’s dimensional structure, measurement precision, differential item functioning (DIF), and short form performance in a population-based cohort.

METHOD: SAQ responses collected within two weeks of coronary angiography from 6,665 patients in the Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease (APPROACH) registry were analyzed using a confirmatory five-factor multidimensional graded response model. Item fit, local dependence, and conditional standard errors were evaluated. DIF by sex and age was examined using a two-step anchored multigroup approach. Short forms were derived based on discrimination, test information, and DIF magnitude.

RESULT: The confirmatory five-factor model demonstrated good global fit (RMSEA = 0.031, CFI = 0.987, TLI = 0.982), supporting three distinct Physical Limitation dimensions: Basic, Moderate, and Strenuous. Empirical reliability ranged from 0.748 (Basic Physical Limitation) to 0.900 (Moderate Physical Limitation), with precision sufficient for individual-level interpretation in Moderate and Strenuous Physical Limitation. Moderate sex-related DIF was noted on Basic and Moderate Physical Limitation items, with females scoring lower than males. Age-related DIF was negligible to small. The 14-item short form preserved all five factors with theta correlations of 0.964 with the 18-item version.

CONCLUSION: MIRT revealed three distinct Physical Limitation dimensions, enabling targeted functional monitoring. Precision gradients and sex-related DIF inform interpretation, and the 14-item short form is supported as the preferred version.

PMID:42567987 | DOI:10.1007/s11136-026-04368-9