Category: Nevin Manimala

J Dermatolog Treat. 2026 Dec;37(1):2650070. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2026.2650070. Epub 2026 Apr 1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The emergence of systemic targeted therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) has significantly transformed the treatment landscape.

OBJECTIVE: This network meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the relative efficacy of approved systemic targeted therapies in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD.

METHODS: Phase 3 or 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing approved systemic targeted therapies for moderate-to-severe AD published up to July 29, 2025, were systematically identified. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to analyze the proportion of patients achieving key efficacy indicators, including EASI-75, EASI-90, IGA 0/1, and NRS response.

RESULTS: A total of 27 reports encompassing 33 trials and 16,334 participants were included. The network meta-analysis demonstrated that Upadacitinib 30 mg consistently exhibited the highest probability of achieving each clinical endpoint. While pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences among multiple targeted therapies, no significant differences were observed between dupilumab 300 mg and stapokibart 300 mg, or between ivarmacitinib 8 mg and upadacitinib 15 mg.

CONCLUSION: Among currently approved targeted systemic therapies, upadacitinib 30 mg once daily ranked highest across all evaluated efficacy outcomes. However, these findings are derived primarily from indirect comparisons, and head-to-head randomized trials are needed to confirm the relative effectiveness of these therapies.

PMID:41919337 | DOI:10.1080/09546634.2026.2650070

Turk J Orthod. 2026 Mar 31;39(1):35-42. doi: 10.4274/TurkJOrthod.2026.2025.141.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the scientific literature on impacted canines using bibliometric and altmetric analyses.

METHODS: A systematic search of the Web of Science Core Collection was performed using keywords related to impacted canines. Three independent reviewers identified, screened, and evaluated the 100 most-cited articles. Citation data were cross-verified with Scopus and Google Scholar. Extracted information included citation counts, study design, publication year, authors, institutions, journals, and countries. Bibliometric mapping was conducted using VOSviewer, and altmetric indicators were obtained from dimensions. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s rank correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.

RESULTS: The 100 most-cited articles received 10,429 citations in the Web of Science, and citation counts were strongly correlated across databases (p<0.001). Most studies were observational (69%), followed by narrative reviews (12%) and interventional studies (10%). Research topics primarily addressed the etiology, radiographic assessments, and associated anomalies. The most cited article in the Web of Science database was Ericson and Kurol’s 1988 study on the interceptive extraction of primary canines. Publications were concentrated in orthodontic specialty journals, with the USA, Italy, and Israel being the leading countries.

CONCLUSION: Analysis of the 100 most-cited articles revealed that influential research on impacted canines is predominantly, focusing on etiology and diagnosis. Areas such as mandibular impactions, periodontal outcomes, and long-term treatment effects remain underexplored.

PMID:41919331 | DOI:10.4274/TurkJOrthod.2026.2025.141

Public Health Nutr. 2026 Apr 1:1-26. doi: 10.1017/S1368980026102316. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between dietary patterns and MetS in western China, which has not been previously reported.

DESIGN: A population based cross-sectional study design. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis identified dietary patterns, and multivariate logistic regression evaluated their associations with MetS.

SETTING: Population-based Cohort Study of Chronic Diseases in Xinjiang (PCCDX), conducted in 2022.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3 208 individuals from PCCDX (mean age: 53.1 ± 10.8 years; 49.1% male).

RESULTS: MetS was diagnosed in 1 762 participants (54.9%). Four distinct dietary patterns were identified, with the refined grain-animal products dietary pattern being the dominant one. After adjusting for general demographic and lifestyle factors, a higher score in the refined grain-animal product pattern was associated with an increased risk of MetS. The odds ratios for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of the dietary score were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.860∼1.322), 1.14 (0.923∼1.413), and 1.48 (1.189∼1.853), with a statistically significant trend (P = 0.003). Higher dietary scores in this pattern were also associated with increased risks of elevated waist circumference, high triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Mediation analysis showed that visceral fat percentage partially mediated the association between the refined grain-animal product dietary pattern and low HDL-C, accounting for 17.2% of the total effect (indirect effect = 0.005, P = 0.006). The other three dietary patterns showed no significant associations with MetS or its components.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the high prevalence of MetS in western China and links a refined grains-animal products diet to poorer metabolic health, emphasizing the need for region-specific dietary strategies.

PMID:41919321 | DOI:10.1017/S1368980026102316

Psychol Med. 2026 Apr 1;56:e87. doi: 10.1017/S0033291726103717.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Parental violent offending and offspring suicidal behavior are associated, but a deeper understanding of the risk within this population is needed to best identify and support those most in need. This study examined the risk of suicidal behavior among offspring of parents with violent convictions, primarily aiming to identify high-risk subgroups.

METHODS: The study included 2,956,465 individuals born in Sweden 1977-2010, and their parents. Data were obtained from nationwide registers available until the end of 2020. The authors examined the risk of suicidal behavior among offspring with none, one, or both parents with violent convictions by offspring’s age 10, and further investigated the risk among exposed offspring by parental psychiatric disorders, child-parent coresiding, and other factors. Children-of-siblings analyses were conducted to better understand the nature of the association.

RESULTS: There were 254,793 (8.6%) and 11,777 (0.4%) offspring with one or both parents with violent convictions. Absolute risk of suicidal behavior was highest among those with both parents convicted; 14.3% (95% CI, 13.0-15.7) of male and 16.6% (95% CI, 15.3-18.0) of female offspring engaged in suicidal behavior by age 30, compared to 4%-4.5% of offspring of parents without convictions. The more adversities accumulated in families with parental offending, the higher the cumulative incidence of suicidal behavior. Genetic factors partly accounted for the association.

CONCLUSIONS: Offspring of parents with violent convictions are a group at high risk of suicidal behavior in need of early identification, multiagency coordination, and measures to reduce the risk of self-harm and suicide.

PMID:41919313 | DOI:10.1017/S0033291726103717

Int J Paediatr Dent. 2026 Apr 1. doi: 10.1111/ipd.70087. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent blisters on the skin and oral mucosa, occurring spontaneously or after minor trauma.

AIM: Evaluate the oral health status of children with EB and parents’ perceptions of its impact on their child’s and family’s quality of life.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional study with age-matched groups was conducted with 42 children (14 with EB and 28 without EB), aged 2-10 years, along with their parents/guardians. Participants were recruited from a reference center and a school clinic. Data demographic and socioeconomic were collected. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ-short form) and Family Impact Scale (FIS). Oral examination included evaluation of gingival condition, malocclusions, dental caries, and oral lesions. Statistical analysis included Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α = 5%).

RESULTS: Children with EB had significantly higher gingival and plaque indices (p = 0.001; p < 0.001). Parents reported worse OHRQoL for children with EB, especially in “oral symptoms” and “functional limitations” (p < 0.001). FIS scores were similar between groups (p > 0.05). Oral lesions were significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Oral lesions were responsible for impacts experienced in children’s daily lives, with significant negative effects occurring through symptoms.

PMID:41919311 | DOI:10.1111/ipd.70087

Front Public Health. 2026 Mar 16;14:1782478. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1782478. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity poses serious health risks. Message framing is a strategy to encourage healthy behaviors, but its effectiveness in promoting physical activity (PA) is unclear, creating challenges for professionals in choosing optimal strategies.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of gain-framed versus loss-framed messages on PA attitudes, intentions, and behaviors among inactive adults.

METHODS: Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to December 15, 2024. Randomized controlled trials examining gain- versus loss-framed messages targeting physically inactive adults were included. Independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data, and performed the risk of bias. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) werepooled using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using I ² and Q statistics. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity sources and assess result stability.

RESULTS: Ten RCTs involving 1,355 participants were included. Three articles tested the gain-loss framing effect through PA attitudes, and eight studies each tested message framing through PA intentions and behaviors. There were no statistically significant differences between gain-framed and loss-framed messages in promoting PA attitudes [SMD:-0.60, 95%CI: (-2.09, 0.90), P = 0.44], intentions [SMD: 0.10, 95%CI: (-0.12, 0.33), P = 0.37] and behaviors [SMD: 0.15, 95%CI: (-0.04, 0.34), P = 0.13]. Subgroup analyses suggested that gain-framed messages may have a potential advantage in promoting PA behaviors among general populations [SMD: 0.39, 95%CI: (0.03, 0.55), P = 0.03] and young adults [SMD: 0.38, 95%CI: (013, 0.63), P = 0.003].

CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence does not demonstrate a clear overall advantage of gain- over loss-framed messages in promoting PA among inactive adults. However, gain-framed messages may be more promising for general and young populations. Further high-quality trials with standardized methodologies and longer follow-up periods are needed to clarify their effectiveness.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023482474, identifier CRD42023482474.

PMID:41919308 | PMC:PMC13033674 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1782478

Front Public Health. 2026 Mar 16;14:1781124. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1781124. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses a significant global health burden, particularly in older adults. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a core management strategy, yet its implementation remains limited and imbalanced, especially within primary healthcare settings in China. The county medical community model aims to integrate healthcare resources, representing a potential platform for optimizing PR delivery. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding PR among older adults with COPD within a county medical community and to analyze the associated influencing factors.

METHODS: A convenience sampling approach was applied to select 150 older adults with COPD who visited medical community institutions between January 2024 and December 2024. Data were collected using a general information wquestionnaire and a pulmonary rehabilitation KAP questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate KAP levels and to identify factors associated with pulmonary rehabilitation KAP.

RESULTS: The total pulmonary rehabilitation KAP score among the 150 older adults with COPD was 68.63 ± 19.23. Scores for the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions were 32.57 ± 11.79 (out of a possible 60), 15.77 ± 3.77 (out of a possible 20), and 20.28 ± 8.50 (out of a possible 50), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the type of hospital visited, age, the presence of a primary caregiver, and guidance from medical staff were significant influencing factors associated with pulmonary rehabilitation KAP among older adults with COPD (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Older adults with COPD in the medical community demonstrated a generally positive attitude toward pulmonary rehabilitation, whereas knowledge and practice levels remained relatively low. Strengthened and targeted professional guidance from medical staff for patients and their caregivers across different age groups is warranted. Enhanced coordination within medical communities and the development of innovative service models may facilitate more effective implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation, thereby improving quality of life and health management among older adults with COPD.

PMID:41919306 | PMC:PMC13033687 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1781124

Front Public Health. 2026 Mar 16;14:1790766. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1790766. eCollection 2026.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is widely promoted as a cornerstone of healthy ageing; however, this assumption largely derives from leisure-time exercise and may not apply to labour-dependent older populations. In rural settings, occupational physical activity (OPA) is often necessity-driven, prolonged, and embedded within structural constraints, yet its associations with metabolic and vascular outcomes in later life remain poorly understood.

METHODS: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study of 2,258 adults aged ≥65 years from a representative agricultural region in Northeast China. Labour-type physical activity was classified as inactive, moderate, or high intensity. To mitigate underdiagnosis, we defined total diabetes burden as either diagnosed diabetes or undiagnosed hyperglycemia. Systemic insulin resistance was assessed using the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. Urine occult blood (UOB) positivity was analyzed as an exploratory marker compatible with physiological stress. Associations were examined using modified Poisson regression with robust variance, robust linear regression, and prespecified sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS: High-intensity labour was associated with a modest reduction in insulin resistance among individuals without diagnosed diabetes (β = -0.079, p = 0.005) and a lower prevalence of undiagnosed hyperglycemia (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.88). In contrast, high-intensity labour was more common among individuals with diagnosed diabetes (PR 1.43, 95% CI 1.11-1.85). These opposing associations did not show a significant net association with total diabetes burden (PR 0.99, p = 0.912). Independently of metabolic status, high-intensity labour was associated with a higher prevalence of UOB positivity (PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.09-1.44).

CONCLUSION: In labour-dependent rural older adults, heavy occupational labour may not confer metabolic benefit at the population level and is independently associated with a microvascular stress-related signal. This “Futile Labour Paradox” challenges the assumption that physical activity is uniformly beneficial in later life and underscores the need to distinguish occupational labour from discretionary exercise.

PMID:41919304 | PMC:PMC13033493 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1790766

Evid Based Dent. 2026 Mar 31. doi: 10.1038/s41432-026-01219-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

A COMMENTARY ON: Li T, Guo H, Liu C, Jiang H, Gao S, Du M. Effectiveness of Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpaste for Early Childhood Caries Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int Dent J 2026;76:103985.

DESIGN: Double-blind, multicentre, parallel group cluster-randomised controlled trial (class-level randomisation).

CASE SELECTION: Children aged 3-4 years at risk of early childhood caries (ECC) were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: a fluoride‑free bioactive glass (BAG) toothpaste group and a fluoride toothpaste (800 ppm) group. Both groups were followed over 27 months to monitor the incidence of new carious lesions.

DATA ANALYSIS: Caries outcomes were evaluated using established clinical caries assessment criteria suitable for early childhood populations, with comparisons made between groups to determine differences in caries incidence and overall preventive effect. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate group differences in caries development.

RESULTS: The trial found that the fluoride-free BAG toothpaste was effective in preventing ECC and performed comparably to the fluoride toothpaste. Both formulations provided measurable caries preventive benefits, indicating that BAG has potential as a clinically relevant alternative to fluoride for young children.

CONCLUSIONS: BAG toothpaste shows promise as a fluoride-free preventive agent for ECC. Its comparable effectiveness to fluoride toothpaste suggests it may be a useful option for children in situations where fluoride use is restricted, contraindicated, or declined by caregivers.

PMID:41917475 | DOI:10.1038/s41432-026-01219-x

Sci Rep. 2026 Apr 1. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-46918-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of tolerance on social appearance anxiety and to test the roles of emotion regulation and self-compassion as mediating psychological mechanisms in this relationship. The sample of the study consists of 647 adolescent individuals living in Turkey. The Personal Information Form, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Tolerance Scale, Self-Compassion Scale – Short Form, and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale were used in the study. Data were collected online using convenience sampling methods. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between the variables in the study, while regression-based mediation analysis (Process macro model 81) was used to test the mediation model examined in the study. Upon examining the findings, tolerance was positively correlated with self-compassion (r = .323, p < .001) and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = .200, p < .001); while tolerance was negatively and statistically significantly related to maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.250, p < .001) and social appearance anxiety (r = -.229, p < .001). Additionally, a positive correlation was found between self-compassion and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = .358, p < .001); and negative and statistically significant relationships between self-compassion and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.576, p < .001) and social appearance anxiety (r = -.530, p < .001). Finally, a statistically significant negative relationship was found between social appearance anxiety and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.219, p < .001); and a statistically significant positive relationship was found between social appearance anxiety and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = .484, p < .001). The mediation analysis, tested with 10,000 bootstrap samples at a 95% confidence interval, revealed that emotion regulation dimensions and self-compassion have a full mediating effect. The findings indicate that the tolerance factor reduces social appearance anxiety not only directly but also indirectly through emotion regulation and self-compassion. In line with these findings, it was concluded that individuals with high tolerance levels need to be supported not only through mindfulness programs but also through emotion regulation and self-compassion levels.

PMID:41917458 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-46918-8