Category: Statistics

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024 Aug;51:152-157. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.024. Epub 2024 Jul 2.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of social appearance anxiety and social media addiction on objectified body consciousness among adolescents.

METHOD: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 502 adolescents. The Child and Family Information Form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, Objectified Body Consciousness Scale-Youth Form, and Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents were used to collect data. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test and regression analysis were used.

RESULTS: In the study, being female, being pleased with one’s weight, and following and being influenced by influencers all increase levels of self-objectification. It was found that social media addiction, social appearance anxiety, and self-objectification all have an effect on one another.

CONCLUSION: It was concluded that social media usage characteristics, social media addiction, social appearance anxiety affect self-objectification.

PMID:39034072 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.024

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024 Aug;51:137-142. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.005. Epub 2024 Jun 12.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the relationship between adolescent’s mental health, well-being and their tobacco use.

METHODS: The study employed a relational survey model. The sample consisted of 691 adolescents aged between 12 and 15. This study deployed “Decisional Balance Scale” to predict and define the adolescents’ tobacco use, and the “Me and My Feelings Scale” to evaluate mental health and well-being. Multiple linear regression analysis was used during data analysis.

RESULT: The results revealed that the emotional difficulties dimension of Me and My Feelings Scale had a statistically significant effect on the Decisional Balance Scale. However, the behavioral difficulties dimension did not have a statistically significant impact on the Decisional Balance Scale.

CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents’ mental health affects their tobacco use at the level of 2.3 %. A significant relationship was noted across the adolescents’ mental health and their perceptions towards smoking.

PMID:39034070 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.005

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024 Aug;51:127-132. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.001. Epub 2024 Jun 8.

ABSTRACT

This study attempted to identify the barriers to the utilization of mental health services among the Arab society in Israel, as perceived by professionals working with this population. Twenty-seven therapists from community mental health services participated in structured in-depth interviews with at least 5 years of experience. Five main types of barriers to the utilization of mental health services were discovered: barriers related to attitudes and perceptions regarding mental disorders and their treatment, low literacy in the field of mental health, exposure and stigma, family characteristics and cultural values, and instrumental barriers. Flexibility and sensitivity to the socio-cultural context of the target population while allocating resources to create equality in access to mental health care may increase the utilization of mental health services in a traditional society such as the Arab society in Israel.

PMID:39034068 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.001

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024 Aug;51:114-119. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.05.003. Epub 2024 May 9.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological resilience in the Turkish Cypriot community and to identify the predictors of psychological resilience.

METHOD: The research was conducted with 354 individuals in a web-based online environment in Northern Cyprus. Data were collected using a “Personal Information Form”, the “Adverse Childhood Events Scale”, and the “Resilience Scale for Adults”. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used in the data analysis.

RESULTS: In the study, 16.67 % of the participants were exposed to war or conflict when they were young and 10.17 % had a mental illness. In addition, it was determined that there were statistically significant and negative correlations between the Adverse Childhood Events Scale scores and the scores they got from the Adult Resilience Scale and the sub-dimensions of the scale. Female gender and education level predicted the scores on the Resilience Scale for Adults positively, and the presence of mental disease and the scores on the Adverse Childhood Events Scale negatively predicted the scores on the Resilience Scale for Adults.

CONCLUSION: İn this study, gender, educational status, presence of mental illness, and the total score on the Adverse Childhood Events Scale were determined to be predictive variables affecting resilience. Considering the research findings, it is recommended that nurses plan studies for the protection of the mental health of children and adolescents and the groups exposed to trauma should be psychologically supported to raise individuals with high resilience.

PMID:39034066 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.05.003

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024 Aug;51:102-107. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.05.013. Epub 2024 May 28.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effects of engaging in artistic and sporting activities on children’s levels of digital addiction, aggression, and psychological resilience.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study encompasses children aged 11-12 who are regularly engaged and not engaged in artistic or sporting education. The study involved 623 children. Data collection utilized the “Digital Addiction Scale,” “Child and Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale,” and “Reactive and Proactive Aggression Scale.”

RESULTS: The study found statistically significant effects of engaging in sporting and artistic activities on digital addiction, psychological resilience, and reactive aggression (p < 0.05). Compared to the group with no activity, children engaged in artistic activities scored -4.38 units lower on the digital addiction scale, while those engaged in sports scored -4.23 units lower. Similarly, compared to the group with no activity, children engaged in artistic activities scored 3.32 units higher on the psychological resilience scale, and those engaged in sports scored 3.30 units higher. As children’s psychological resilience scores increased, their scores for digital addiction and aggression decreased.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Participation in such activities can help children acquire healthy coping skills, strengthen their emotional regulation abilities, and reduce problems associated with anger. Therefore, encouraging children to engage in these activities is crucial for contributing to their overall well-being and promoting a balanced lifestyle.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses can educate families about the importance of sports and artistic activities for the healthy development of children. Moreover, diversifying the activities offered to children in schools and youth centers and encouraging these activities can help promote healthy lifestyles and reduce digital addiction.

PMID:39034064 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.05.013

Gastroenterology. 2024 Aug;167(3):436-440.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.06.001.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39034059 | DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2024.06.001

J Sex Med. 2024 Jul 21:qdae082. doi: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdae082. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Vulvodynia impacts up to 8% of women by age 40, and these women may have a more compromised immune system than women with no vulvar pain history.

AIM: Given that psychiatric morbidity is associated with vulvodynia and is known to activate immune inflammatory pathways in the brain and systemically, we sought to determine whether the association between psychiatric morbidity and vulvar pain was independent of or dependent upon the presence of immune-related conditions.

METHODS: Women born in Sweden between 1973 and 1996 with localized provoked vulvodynia (N76.3) and/or vaginismus (N94.2 or F52.5) diagnosed between 2001 and 2018 were matched to two women from the same birth year with no vulvar pain. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-9 or -10 codes) were used to identify women with a history of depression, anxiety, attempted suicide, neurotic disorders, stress-related disorders, behavioral syndromes, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, or chemical dependencies, as well as a spectrum of immune-related conditions. The Swedish National Prescribed Drug Register was used to identify women with filled prescriptions of antidepressants or anxiolytics.

OUTCOMES: Vulvodynia, vaginismus, or both were outcomes assessed in relation to psychiatric morbidity.

RESULTS: Women with vulvodynia, vaginismus, or both, relative to those without vulvar pain, had adjusted odds ratios between 1.4 and 2.3, with CIs highly compatible with harmful effects. When we assessed women with and those without a lifetime history of immune-related conditions separately, we also observed elevated odds ratios in both groups for mood, anxiety, and neurotic and stress disorders.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Documenting psychiatric impairment as a cause or consequence of vulvodynia is critical in clinical practice because psychiatric conditions may impact treatment efficacy.

STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: Strengths of this study include a data source that represents the entire population of women in Sweden that is known to be highly accurate because Sweden provides universal healthcare. Limitations include difficulty in making an accurate assessment of temporality between psychiatric morbidity and the first onset of vulvar pain. In addition, because Swedish registry data have limited information on lifestyle, behavioral, and anthropomorphic factors such as smoking, diet, physical activity, and obesity, these conditions could not be assessed as confounders of psychiatric morbidity and vulvar pain.

CONCLUSIONS: Immune pathways by which women with psychiatric conditions increase their risk of vulvar pain could be independent from other immune pathways.

PMID:39034042 | DOI:10.1093/jsxmed/qdae082

Nurs Health Sci. 2024 Sep;26(3):e13145. doi: 10.1111/nhs.13145.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this mixed-methods study was to examine the experiences of nursing students (NSs), nurses, and patients regarding the clinical practices of NSs and to determine NSs’ stress levels regarding clinical practices. The quantitative part of the study was completed with 240 NSs, and the “Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students” was used. In the qualitative part, the focus group interviews were held with 24 NSs, and the individual interviews were conducted with 15 patients and 20 nurses. Descriptive and stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze quantitative data, and narrative analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Regression analysis determined that the age, grade point average, and attitude of mentors were associated with the perceived stress levels of NSs. In the narrative analysis of the data obtained from the interviews with NSs and nurses, four categories were identified: Emotions, Facilitators, Barriers, Roles, and Competencies. Three categories (Emotions, Problems, Roles, and Competencies) were identified from patient interviews. This study showed that NSs’ clinical practice experiences were affected by many factors and experienced high stress during clinical practice.

PMID:39034034 | DOI:10.1111/nhs.13145

Adicciones. 2024 Jun 28;0(0):1948. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.1948. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

There are few cross-cultural studies utilizing longitudinal analysis to explore problematic internet use (PIU), and almost none among adults. The present follow-up study compared three waves across 12-month period every six months and observed the natural course and trajectory of PIU in a European multi-country sample of adults from 11 countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Hungary, Poland, UK, Norway, Belgium). A total of 139 participants (45.5% females) provided data across all three waves with an average age of 26.14 years (SD = 5.92). There were longitudinal effects in PIU, with statistical differences between at-risk users compared to healthy users in Waves 1 and 2, and Waves 1 and 3. The analyses of variance showed a longitudinal effect of waves on the PIU symptoms. PIU was significantly affected by time and type of user, with those classed as at-risk having higher scores than healthy users, although PIU decreased over time. In addition, the type of PIU detected in adults contained mild addictive symptoms. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PIU was generally low among European adult population and tended to decrease over the one-year period, what contrasts with adolescent population findings.

PMID:39033530 | DOI:10.20882/adicciones.1948

Adicciones. 2023 Nov 29;0(0):1891. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.1891. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Quality standards have been recognized as an important tool for improving the quality of drug use prevention, treatment, and harm reduction services and for bridging the gap between science and practice. The aim of this paper is to describe the state of implementation of quality standards in drug demand reduction in the European Union and to identify barriers, needs, and challenges to implementation and future pathways. Between June and November 2021, an online survey (n = 91) and follow-up interviews (n = 26) were conducted with key informants – experts in drug demand reduction and quality assurance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The survey showed that most countries have implemented the European Drug Prevention Quality Standards (EDPQS) in the prevention domain and the Minimum Quality Standards (MQS) in drug demand reduction. A variety of standards are applied in the treatment area and the EQUS minimum quality standards are widely known. The application of quality standards is least reported in the harm reduction service area. Mentioned challenges and barriers to implementation included lack of funding, unrecognized importance of evaluation, professional competencies, and system fragmentation. Mentioned supportive factors included appropriate materials and training, as well as political support and professional networks. The study shows that quality standards are inconsistently implemented in all areas of drug demand reduction. According to respondents, implementation could be improved by advocating for the need to implement quality standards, ensuring sustainable funding for interventions, and providing education and training.

PMID:39033521 | DOI:10.20882/adicciones.1891