Category: Statistics

Psychother Psychosom. 2024 Jun 26:1-7. doi: 10.1159/000539471. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The early and rapid identification of psychosomatic symptoms is crucial to prevent harmful outcomes in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in busy comprehensive clinics. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and rapid screening method of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research-revised (DCPR) syndromes in patients with HPV infection.

METHODS: A total of 504 participants underwent a clinical assessment that included DCPR, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), fear of disease, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The prevalence of DCPR syndromes and DSM-5 diagnoses were compared between the HPV-positive and negative patients using χ2 tests. We explored the rapid screen indicator through multiple logistic regression analyses of the participants’ psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

RESULTS: The incidence of DCPR syndromes in HPV-positive patients (56.6%) was significantly greater than that in HPV-negative patients (17.3%) and DSM-5 diagnoses (8.5%) in the HPV-positive group. Health anxiety, irritable mood, type A behavior, and demoralization were the most common psychosomatic syndromes in HPV-positive patients. As the degree of fear increased from 0 to 5 to 10, the risk of DCPR increased from 1.27 (95% CI: 0.21-7.63) to 3.24 (score range: 1-5, 95% CI: 1.01-10.39) to 9.91 (score range: 6-10, 95% CI: 3.21-30.62) in the HPV-positive group.

CONCLUSION: The degree of fear, as an independent risk factor, could be used to quickly screen outpatients with a high risk of DCPR syndrome among women with HPV infection.

PMID:38934157 | DOI:10.1159/000539471

Acta Haematol. 2024 Jun 26. doi: 10.1159/000539880. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION CMML is a rare neoplasm with overlapping myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features whose only potential cure is allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). METHODS This retrospective study examined 27 CMML patients with high-risk clinical features who underwent first allo-HCT at our institution between 2004 and 2022. RESULTS 19 patients were diagnosed with the proliferative subtype (CMML-MPN), and 8 with the dysplastic subtype (CMML-MDS). Median OS was 15 months post-HCT (95% CI: 5-71); OS at 1, 3, and 5 years was 52%, 35%, and 35%, respectively. Compared to those with CMML-MPN, patients with CMML-MDS had longer OS (median, 8.6 vs 0.9 years; P=0.025), RFS (4.4 vs 0.5 years; P=0.021), and GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS, 9.4 vs 3.4 months; P=0.033) as well as lower 1-year NRM (13% vs 47%; P=0.043), with the statistical significance of this CMML subtype effect maintained in multivariable models. High-risk cytogenetics were associated with shorter GRFS in the univariable (median, 3.1 vs 6.2 months; P=0.013) and multivariable (HR=4.88; P=0.006) settings. CONCLUSIONS Patients who underwent transplant for CMML-MDS experienced substantially better outcomes than those transplanted for CMML-MPN. Future studies are needed for transplantation optimization in CMML, especially CMML-MPN.

PMID:38934131 | DOI:10.1159/000539880

Circulation. 2024 Jun 27. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067992. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Proximity to urban blue and green spaces has been associated with improved cardiovascular health; however, few studies have examined the role of race and socioeconomic status in these associations.

METHODS: Data were from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults). We included longitudinal measurements (1985-1986 to 2010-2011) of blue and green spaces, including percentage of blue space cover, distance to the nearest river, green space cover, and distance to the nearest major park. Presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) was measured with noncontrast cardiac computed tomography in 2010 to 2011. The associations of blue and green spaces with CAC were assessed with generalized estimating equation regression with adjustment for demographics, individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status, health-related behaviors, and other health conditions. We conducted stratified analyses by race and neighborhood deprivation score to investigate whether the association varied according to social determinants of health.

RESULTS: The analytic sample included 1365 Black and 1555 White participants with a mean±SD age of 50.1±3.6 years. Among Black participants, shorter distance to a river and greater green space cover were associated with lower odds of CAC (per interquartile range decrease [1.45 km] to the river: odds ratio [OR], 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84-0.96]; per 10%-point increase of green space cover: OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75-0.95]). Among participants in deprived neighborhoods, greater green space cover was associated with lower odds of CAC (per a 10%-point increase: OR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.80-0.99]), whereas shorter distance to the park was associated with higher odds of CAC (per an interquartile range decrease [5.3 km]: OR, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.00-1.15]). Black participants in deprived neighborhoods had lower odds of CAC with shorter distance to a river (per an interquartile range decrease: OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.82-0.98]) and greater green space cover (per a 10%-point increase: OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75-0.97]). There was no statistical interaction between the blue and green spaces and race or neighborhood characteristics in association with CAC.

CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinally, shorter distance to a river and greater green space cover were associated with less CAC among Black participants and those in deprived neighborhoods. Shorter distance to a park was associated with increased odds of CAC among participants in deprived neighborhoods. Black participants residing in more deprived neighborhoods showed lower odds of CAC in association with greater exposure to river and green space cover.

PMID:38934130 | DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067992

Eur J Transl Myol. 2024 Jun 26. doi: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12487. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Ingrown toenails account for roughly 20% of all foot problems in primary care. It is most common in young men, with nail care habits and footwear being major contributors. Onychocryptosis is typically caused by self-treatment attempts to cure the condition in its early stages. Its clinical features are frequently confused with other osseous and soft tissue abnormalities. The goal of this study was to provide perspectives on the management of pain and inflammation in Onychocryptosis using an Ozoile-based hydrogel formulation in a semi-occlusive bandage for 14 days, while incorporating natural pharmacological solutions into established protocols. The primary outcomes measured were pain reduction on NRS and stadiation according to the Al Kline Classification. The reduction was statistically significant, with a mean decrease in VAS score from 10 to 4 (p < 0.05), and Al Kline classification decreased by an average of 1.6 stages. 42% of patients recovered within the first 15 days of treatment, and 93% by the end of the scheduled treatment.

PMID:38934121 | DOI:10.4081/ejtm.2024.12487

Cytopathology. 2024 Jun 27. doi: 10.1111/cyt.13407. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Urine cytology is a noninvasive, widely used diagnostic tool for screening and surveillance of genitourinary tract neoplasms. However, the absence of unified terminology and clear objective morphological criteria limits the clinical benefit of urine cytology. The Paris System for Reporting Urine Cytology (TPS) was developed with the goal of standardizing reporting and improving urine cytology performance in detecting high-grade malignancy (HGM). We aimed to evaluate potential effects of TPS on improving urine cytology diagnostic performance and clinical utility by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched six electronic databases to identify cross-sectional and cohort studies written in English assessing the accuracy of urine cytology in detecting genitourinary tract malignancies of patients under surveillance or with clinical suspicion of malignancy from January 2004 to December 2022. We extracted relevant data from eligible studies to calculate relative distribution of cytology diagnostic categories; ratio of atypical to HGM cytology diagnosis; and risk of HGM (ROHGM) and HGM likelihood ratio (HGM-LR) associated with cytology diagnostic categories. We used a generalized linear mixed model with logit transformation to combine proportions and multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression to pool diagnostic accuracy measurements. We performed meta-regression to evaluate any significant difference between TPS and non-TPS cohorts. We included 64 studies for 99,796 combined total cytology samples, across 31 TPS and 49 non-TPS cohorts. Pooled relative distribution [95% confidence interval (CI)] of negative for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (NHGUC)/negative for malignancy (NM); atypical urothelial cells (AUC); suspicious for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (SHGUC)/suspicious for malignancy (SM); low-grade urothelial neoplasm (LGUN); and HGM categories among satisfactory cytology cases were 83.8% (80.3%-86.9%), 8.0% (6.0%-10.6%), 2.2% (1.4%-3.3%), 0.01% (0.0%-0.1%), and 4.2% (3.2%-5.5%) in TPS versus 80.8% (76.8-2.7%), 11.3% (8.6%-14.7%), 1.8% (1.2%-2.7%), 0.01% (0.0%-0.1%), and 3.3% (2.5%-4.3%) in non-TPS cohorts. Adopting TPS classification resulted in a significant increase in the frequency of NHGUC and a reduction in AUC cytology diagnoses, respectively. The AUC/HGM ratio in TPS cohort was 2.0, which showed a statistically significant difference from the atypical/HGM ratio of 4.1 in non-TPS cohort (p-value: 0.01). Moreover, the summary rate (95% CI) of LGUN called AUC on cytology significantly decreased to 20.8% (14.9%-28.3%) in the TPS compared with 34.1% (26.4%-42.8%) in non-TPS cohorts. The pooled ROHGM (95% CI) was 20.4% (6.2%-50.0%) in nondiagnostic (NDX), 15.5% (9.6%-24.2%) in NHGUC, 40.2% (30.9%-50.2%) in AUC, 80.8% (72.9%-86.8%) in SHGUC, 15.1% (5.7%-34.3%) in LGUN, and 91.4% (87.3%-94.3%) in HGM categories in TPS studies. NHGUC, AUC, SHGUC, and HGM categories were associated with HGM-LR (95% CI) of 0.2 (0.1-0.3), 0.9 (0.6-1.3), 6.9 (2.4-19.9), and 16.8 (8.3-33.8). Our results suggest that TPS 1.0 has reduced the relative frequency of AUC diagnosis, AUC/HGM ratio, and the frequency of LGUNs diagnosed as AUC on cytology. Adopting this classification has improved the clinical utility of SHGUC and HGM cytology diagnoses in ruling in high-grade lesions. However, an NHGUC diagnosis does not reliably rule out the presence of a high-grade lesion.

PMID:38934101 | DOI:10.1111/cyt.13407

Eur J Histochem. 2024 Jun 27;68(3). doi: 10.4081/ejh.2024.3982.

ABSTRACT

Artificial light can affect eyeball development and increase myopia rate. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) degrades the extracellular matrix, and induces its remodeling, while tissue inhibitor of matrix MMP-2 (TIMP-2) inhibits active MMP-2. The present study aimed to look into how refractive development and the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the guinea pigs’ remodeled sclerae are affected by artificial light with varying spectral compositions. Three weeks old guinea pigs were randomly assigned to groups exposed to five different types of light: natural light, LED light with a low color temperature, three full spectrum artificial lights, i.e. E light (continuous spectrum in the range of ~390-780 nm), G light (a blue peak at 450 nm and a small valley 480 nm) and F light (continuous spectrum and wavelength of 400 nm below filtered). A-scan ultrasonography was used to measure the axial lengths of their eyes, every two weeks throughout the experiment. Following twelve weeks of exposure to light, the sclerae were observed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the MMP-2 and TIMP-2 protein and mRNA expression levels in the sclerae. After four, six, eight, ten, and twelve weeks of illumination, the guinea pigs in the LED and G light groups had axial lengths that were considerably longer than the animals in the natural light group while the guinea pigs in the E and F light groups had considerably shorter axial lengths than those in the LED group. Following twelve weeks of exposure to light, the expression of the scleral MMP-2 protein and mRNA were, from low to high, N group, E group, F group, G group, LED group; however, the expression of the scleral TIMP-2 protein and mRNA were, from high to low, N group, E group, F group, G group, LED group. The comparison between groups was statistically significant (p<0.01). Continuous, peaks-free or valleys-free artificial light with full-spectrum preserves remodeling of scleral extracellular matrix in guinea pigs by downregulating MMP-2 and upregulating TIMP-2, controlling eye axis elongation, and inhibiting the onset and progression of myopia.

PMID:38934084 | DOI:10.4081/ejh.2024.3982

Eur J Emerg Med. 2024 Aug 1;31(4):300. doi: 10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001150. Epub 2024 Jun 25.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:38934079 | DOI:10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001150

Eur J Emerg Med. 2024 Aug 1;31(4):297. doi: 10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001112. Epub 2024 Jun 25.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:38934076 | DOI:10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001112

Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2024 May 3;121(9):300-301. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0025.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:38934070 | DOI:10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0025

Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2024 May 3;121(9):298-299. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0017.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:38934069 | DOI:10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0017