Category: Statistics

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2023 Oct 25;36(10):959-64. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.010.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical efficacy of different manipulation in the treatment of cervical instability in young people, and to analyze the risk factors of relapse of cervical instability in young people.

METHODS: From March 2021 to June 2022, the clinical data of 120 young patients with cervical instability were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into rotation group (60 cases, 3 cases of loss) and tendon group (60 cases, 5 cases of loss). There were 25 males and 32 females in rotation-traction manipulation group;age ranged from 22 to 44 years old with a median of 28 years old;course of disease ranged from 0.17 to 120 months with amedian of 22 months. There were 22 males and 33 females in tendon-regulating manipulation group;age ranged from 21 to 42 years old with a median of 27 years old;course of disease ranged from 0.23 to 180 months with a median of 24 months. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks, once every other day for 7 times, and were followed up for 1 year. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated, and the visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI) were observed before and after treatment. One year after the course of treatment, patients with effective treatment were followed up to make statistics on recurrence. Patients with recurrence were included in the recurrence group, while those without recurrence were included in the non-recurrence group. Factors that may affect symptom recurrence were analyzed, and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed.

RESULTS: The 13 patients who failed the treatment (4 cases in the rotation-traction manipulation group and 9 cases in the tendon-regulating manipulation group) were not followed up. All the 99 patients who were effective in treatment were followed up ranged from 303 to 406 days with a median of 359 days. No complications occurred in all patients. There were significant differences in VAS and NDI between the two groups after treatment and before treatment (P<0.05), and there were significant differences in VAS and NDI between the two groups after treatment (P<0.05). Ninety-nine patients achieved follow-up, 56 (56.57%) relapsed and 43 (43.43%) did not. Univariate correlation analysis showed that NDI index, the time spent at the desk every day, the time spent using electronic products every day and angular displacement of anterior flexion before treatment in the relapse group were significantly higher than those in the non-relapse group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the time spent at the desk every day [OR=2.447, 95%CI(1.255, 4.771)], the time spent using electronic products every day [OR=1.892, 95%CI(1.066, 3.358)] and the angular displacement of anterior flexion of the cervical before treatment [OR=1.246, 95%CI(1.045, 1.485) ]were the risk factors for relapse.

CONCLUSION: Both rotation-traction manipulation and tendon-regulating manipulation can effectively treat cervical instability in young people, and rotation-traction manipulation has more advantages than tendon-regulating manipulation in improving cervical pain and cervical dysfunction in patients. The time spent at the desk every day, the time spent using electronic products every day, and the increase of cervical flexion angle displacement will increase the risk of relapse in patients.

PMID:37881929 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.010

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2023 Oct 25;36(10):954-8. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.009.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of proximal fibula osteotomy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and to analyze the effect of osteotomy on the tension of the lateral knee soft tissue of patients and verify the reliability of the Arch string theory.

METHODS: A total of 71 patients with varus knee osteoarthritis from December 2019 to March 2022 were included, 3 patients dropped out, and 68 patients completed all trials, collected 27 males and 41 females, aged from 51 to 79 years old, with an average of (68.0±7.0 ) years old. The follow-up time ranged from 4 to 12 weeks, with an average of (3.76±1.94) weeks. After admission, the patient underwent Proximal fibula osteotomy, and the tension of lateral knee soft tissue, visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, the western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and other indicators were recorded before surgery and 1 month after surgery in the weight-bearing state.

RESULTS: According to the VAS, the curative effect of a single index was evaluated by referring to the score before and after treatment by Bao Zongzhao. Thirty seven cases were markedly effective, 27 cases were effective, and 4 cases were ineffective. After surgery, 3 patients presented with weakness of dorsalis pedis extension and 1 presented with paresthesia of dorsalis pedis, which disappeared after symptomatic treatment . The VAS and WOMAC score at 1 month after operation were lower than those before operation, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001). The tension of lateral knee soft tissue 1 month after operation was lower than that before operation, and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.001).

CONCLUSION: Proximal fibula osteotomy is safe and effective in the treatment of varus knee osteoarthritis in the short term. One month after osteotomy, the tension of lateral knee soft tissue increases under weight-bearing state, but the long-term changes still need further observation and follow-up.

PMID:37881928 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.009

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2023 Oct 25;36(10):936-42. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.006.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous screw fixation combined with minimally invasive transpedicular bone grafting and non-bone grafting in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODS: From Janury 2021 to June 2022, 40 patients with thoracolumbar fracture were divided into the experimental group and the control group. There were 26 patients in the experimental group, including 21 males and 5 females with an aberage age of (47.3±12.3) years old, who underwent percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with transpedicular autogenous bone grafting. In the control group, 14 patients received percutaneous pedicle screw fixation only. including 7 makes and 7 females with an average age of (50.2±11.2) years old. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, anterior height ratio of injured vertebrae, Cobb angle, visual analogue score (VAS), MacNab scores, loosening or broken of the implants. were compared and analyzed.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, VAS and anterior height ratio of injured vertebrae between the two groups. Compared with the preoperative results, VAS and anterior height ratio of injured vertebrae were improved statistically(P<0.05). For Cobb angle of injured vertebra, there was no significant difference between the two groups before surgery (P=0.766). While at 1 week, 3 months and 12 months after surgery, there were statistically differences between the two groups (P values were 0.042, 0.007 and 0.039, respectively). The Cobb angle of injured vertebrae one year after operation was statistically decreased in both groups compared with that before surgery (P<0.001). One year after surgery, the excellent and good rate of Macnab scores was 96.15% in the experimental group and 92.86% in the control group, and there was no statistical differences between the two groups (P=0.648). There was one patient in the control group suffering superficial wound infection on the third day, which was cured by dressing change and anti-infection treatment. There were no postoperative screw loosening and broken in both groups.

CONCLUSION: The two surgical methods have the advantages of less trauma, less pain and quicker recovery, which can restore the height of the injured vertebra, reconstruct the spinal sequence and reduce the fracture of the vertebral body. Transpedicular autogenous bone grafting can increase the stability of the fractured vertebra and maintain the height of the vertebra better after surgery, thus reducing the possibility of complications such as kyphosis, screw loosening and broken.

PMID:37881925 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.006

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2023 Oct 25;36(10):932-5. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.005.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the corretation between the cross-sectional area of hamstring tenden measured by MRI and gragt in anterior cruciate ligament rexonstruction.

METHODS: MRI data of 50 patients who planned to undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction from November 2021 to March 2022 were collected, including 32 males and 18 females, aged from 19 to 48 years old with an average of(31.1±8.7) years. Before the operation, the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons were measured and recorded by MRI, and then the anterior cruciate ligament was reconstructed under arthroscope. During the operation, gracilis and semitendinosus tendons were taken to prepare the final tendon to be transplanted, and the diameter of the prepared final graft was measured during the operation. Finally, the data were analyzed by statistical software.

RESULTS: The cross sectional areas of semitendinosus tendon, gracilis tendon, semitendinosus tendon and gracilis tendon measured by MRI were significantly and positively correlated with the diameter of grafts required in anterior cruciate ligament surgery, the r values were 0.858, 0.728, 0.842(P<0.001), respectively. The area under curre (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the sum of the cross sectional areas of semitendinosus tendon and gracilis tendon were 0.925, 90.48%, and 85.71%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, preoperative MRI measurement has a strong statistical correlation with the diameter of hamstring muscle transplantation during operation. The sum of the cross sectional areas of semitendinosus tendon and gracilis tendon has a high predictive value for the diameter of grafts during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and can predict the size of grafts during operation.

PMID:37881924 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.005

Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2023 Oct 25;36(10):926-31. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.004.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) index with six different measurement methods, and analyze and verify its clinical diagnostic value in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

METHODS: The Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 225 knee joints in our hospital from May 2018 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, aged from 18 to 60 years old, with a median of 32 years old. On the sagittal MRI images of 114 patients with ACL injury and 111 patients with intact ACL, Measure the straight-line distance (A) between the femoral attachment point and the tibial attachment point of the PCL on the MRI sagittal image and the maximum vertical distance (B) between the straight line and the arcuate mark point of the PCL on the sagittal image, calculate the PCL index and evaluate the diagnostic value of the PCL index for ACL injury.

RESULTS: The PCL index of the ACL normal group and the ACL injury group were statistically described. There was no significant difference in PCL index 1, 2, 3 and 6 between the two groups(P>0.05). The difference of PCL index 4 and 5 between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). This study only found that the PCL index 2, 6 in the ACL normal group had a negative correlation with the patient’s age (correlation coefficient=-0.213, -0.819;P<0.05), and the PCL index 5 in the ACL injury group was significantly correlated with the patient’s body mass index(BMI)had a negative correlation (correlation coefficient=-0.277, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The change of PCL index is helpful for the diagnosis of ACL injury, PCL index 4 and 5 can be used as effective reference indexes for diagnosing ACL injury in clinic.

PMID:37881923 | DOI:10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.10.004

Ann Pharmacother. 2023 Oct 26:10600280231205023. doi: 10.1177/10600280231205023. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Constipation impacts 58% to 83% of critically ill patients and is associated with increased time on mechanical ventilation, delirium, and increased length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU).

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of enteral naloxegol (NGL) versus subcutaneous methylnaltrexone (MNTX) for the management of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in critically ill patients.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on adult patients admitted to the ICU who received a parenteral opioid infusion for at least 4 hours and experienced no bowel movement (BM) within the 48-hour period preceding the administration of NGL or MNTX. The primary outcome was time to first BM from the start of NGL or MNTX therapy. Secondary outcomes included number of BMs 72 hours following NGL or MNTX administration, ICU LOS, and cost-effectiveness.

RESULTS: After exclusion criteria were applied, 110 and 51 patients were included in the NGL and MNTX groups, respectively. With a 10% noninferiority margin, NGL was noninferior to MNTX (Wald statistic = 1.67; P = 0.047). Median time to first BM was 23.7 hours for NGL and 18.3 hours for MNTX patients. Median LOS was 14 days (NGL) and 12 days (MNTX), and the average number of BMs in 72 hours was 3.9 for NGL and 3.8 for MNTX. Using wholesale acquisition cost (WAC), the cost per BM for NGL and MNTX was $21.74 and $170.00, respectively.

CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: This study determined that NGL and MNTX had similar time to BM. NGL appears to be a safe and effective alternative with cost-saving potential in treating OIC in critically ill patients.

PMID:37881915 | DOI:10.1177/10600280231205023

BMC Med Educ. 2023 Oct 25;23(1):798. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04776-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Interprofessional education (IPE) is expected to help prepare undergraduate health profession students to collaborate with other healthcare professionals in realising quality of care. Studies stress the necessity of students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (IPL) in view of designing IPE programs. The present study aims to determine students’ IPL-readiness and looks at related differences in students enrolled in different programs and at different phases in their educational program.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was set up among 1139 students from six health programs at HueUMP, using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests.

RESULTS: The overall mean RIPLS score was 68.89. RIPLS scores significantly differed between programs and between phases in the educational programs. Medical students presented a lower readiness level for IPL than students from other programs. In contrast to a significant increase in RIPLS scores of students in the clinical phase in Vietnamese traditional medicine, medicine, and pharmacy, a decrease in RIPLS scores was observed in students in the clinical phase in odonto-stomatology.

CONCLUSIONS: The differences could be related to differences in educational programs and the study phases in a particular program. These results offer insights to direct the design and implementation of IPE in health education curricula and especially underscore the need to provide IPE throughout the curriculum.

PMID:37880693 | DOI:10.1186/s12909-023-04776-2

BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Oct 25;23(1):1153. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-10155-w.

ABSTRACT

We developed an algorithm to explore unexpected growth in the usage and costs of health technologies. We exploit data from the expenditures on technologies funded by the Colombian government under the compulsory insurance system, where all prescriptions for technologies not included in an explicit list must be registered in a centralized information system, covering the period from 2017 to 2022. The algorithm consists of two steps: an outlier detection method based on the density of the expenditures for selecting a first set of technologies to consider (39 technologies out of 106,957), and two anomaly detection models for time series to determine which insurance companies, health providers, and regions have the most notorious increases. We have found that most medicines associated with atypical behavior and significant monetary growth could be linked to the use of recently introduced drugs in the market. These drugs have valid patents and very specific clinical indications, often involving high-cost pharmacological treatments. The most relevant case is the Burosumab, approved in 2018 to treat a rare genetic disorder affecting skeletal growth. Secondly, there is clear evidence of anomalous increasing trend evolutions in the identified enteral nutritional support supplements or Food for Special Medical Purposes. The health system did not purchase these products before July 2021, but in 2022 they represented more than 500,000 USD per month.

PMID:37880691 | DOI:10.1186/s12913-023-10155-w

BMC Med. 2023 Oct 26;21(1):406. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-03112-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to forecast future patient demand for shoulder replacement surgery in England and investigate any geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in service provision and patient outcomes.

METHODS: For this cohort study, all elective shoulder replacements carried out by NHS hospitals and NHS-funded care in England from 1999 to 2020 were identified using Hospital Episode Statistics data. Eligible patients were aged 18 years and older. Shoulder replacements for malignancy or acute trauma were excluded. Population estimates and projections were obtained from the Office for National Statistics. Standardised incidence rates and the risks of serious adverse events (SAEs) and revision surgery were calculated and stratified by geographical region, socioeconomic deprivation, sex, and age band. Hospital costs for each admission were calculated using Healthcare Resource Group codes and NHS Reference Costs based on the National Reimbursement System. Projected rates and hospital costs were predicted until the year 2050 for two scenarios of future growth.

RESULTS: A total of 77,613 elective primary and 5847 revision shoulder replacements were available for analysis. Between 1999 and 2020, the standardised incidence of primary shoulder replacements in England quadrupled from 2.6 to 10.4 per 100,000 population, increasing predominantly in patients aged over 65 years. As many as 1 in 6 patients needed to travel to a different region for their surgery indicating inequality of service provision. A temporal increase in SAEs was observed: the 30-day risk increased from 1.3 to 4.8% and the 90-day risk increased from 2.4 to 6.0%. Patients from the more deprived socioeconomic groups appeared to have a higher risk of SAEs and revision surgery. Shoulder replacements are forecast to increase by up to 234% by 2050 in England, reaching 20,912 procedures per year with an associated annual cost to hospitals of £235 million.

CONCLUSIONS: This study reports a rising incidence of shoulder replacements, regional disparities in service provision, and an overall increasing risk of SAEs, especially in more deprived socioeconomic groups. These findings highlight the need for better healthcare planning to match local population demand, while more research is needed to understand and prevent the increase observed in SAEs.

PMID:37880689 | DOI:10.1186/s12916-023-03112-1

World J Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct 26;21(1):340. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03222-3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adding anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) target agents to conversion therapy may improve the resection rates and survival of patients with potentially resectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of additional anti-EGFR target agents.

METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. And all relevant studies published in English before January 2023 were collected to explore the impact of additional anti-EGFR targeted agent on the efficacy and safety of patients with potentially resectable mCRC (PROSPERO: CRD42022340523, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).

RESULTS: This study included a total of 8 articles, including 2618 patients. The overall response rate (ORR) and R0 resection rates of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, while there was no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups. In RAS/KRAS wild-type patients, the ORR (RR: 1.20, 95% Cl: 1.02-1.41, p = 0.03), R0 resection rate (RR: 1.60, 95% Cl: 1.17-2.20, p = 0.003), PFS (HR: 0.80, 95% Cl: 0.68-0.93, p = 0.003), and OS (HR: 0.87, 95% Cl: 0.76-0.99, p = 0.031) of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group. While in KRAS mutant patients, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in ORR, R0 resection rate, PFS, and OS.

CONCLUSION: The addition of anti-EGFR targeted agents can improve the prognosis of RAS/KRAS wild-type patients with potentially resectable mCRC, while KRAS mutant patients may not benefit. In addition, the overall safety factor was controllable.

PMID:37880688 | DOI:10.1186/s12957-023-03222-3