Category: Statistics

Neurosurg Rev. 2025 Jul 14;48(1):566. doi: 10.1007/s10143-025-03727-3.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The reports of seizures following Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) are low; however, these seizures would be debilitating. Current literature has not provided a comprehensive analysis of seizure incidence post-DBS across various neuropsychiatric disorders. Additionally, there is a lack of insight into the contributing factors and the underlying mechanisms associated with this occurrence.

AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of epilepsy in patients with neurological disorders who have undergone DBS, excluding those with drug-resistant epilepsy.

METHOD AND MATERIAL: The study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and involved thorough data extraction from several databases, specifically PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, until 28-Feb-2025. We performed this Meta-analysis by using Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software version 3.0 for the statistical analysis Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis encompassed 33 studies, and 5,488 patients. The most frequently neurological disorder which underwent DBS in this review, was Parkinson’s Disease. Our meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of seizures following DBS was 2.9% (95% CI: 0.020 to 0.042; p-value < 0.001). A strong positive correlation was identified between the rate of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and seizure occurrence, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.635 (p-value: 0.007). Furthermore, there is a significant increase in the likelihood of seizure occurrences following globus pallidus internus- DBS compared to subthalamic nucleus- DBS.

CONCLUSION: Patients with neurological disorders following DBS may experience seizures; however, the incidence of such occurrences is low and typically resolves spontaneously.

PMID:40653570 | DOI:10.1007/s10143-025-03727-3

Discov Oncol. 2025 Jul 13;16(1):1326. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-02834-3.

ABSTRACT

Endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) the fatal and intrusive subtype of cervical carcinoma is on rise from the last decade. Its improper detection leads to worst clinical outcomes that urges the discovery of novel biomarkers. Therefore, we proposed insilico and invitro based approches to identify key genes that could be used as potential targeted therapies. RNA-seq and gene expression data was operated via R-programming that identified 11,592 differential expressed genes which are mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation, amoebias, MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Clustering modules and hub genes were retrieved to design network of immune cells with varying expression using multiple statistical algorithms. The Drugs targeting hub genes were determined from Drug gene interaction database which was further categorized for docking and dynamics based simulations. Results indicate high binding affinity of Imatinib compound into active pockets of BIRC5 which is confirmed by cell viability lab experiment. Current study demonstrates novel biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for in depth understanding of endocervical carcinogensis.

PMID:40653567 | DOI:10.1007/s12672-025-02834-3

Support Care Cancer. 2025 Jul 14;33(8):689. doi: 10.1007/s00520-025-09741-x.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of aromatherapy massage on sleep quality and mental and psychological disorders in breast cancer survivors (BCS) undergoing chemotherapy.

METHODS: The study was a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Eligible breast cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (received lavender aromatherapy) or the placebo group (received sweet almond oil massage). Aromatherapists focused their massage on specific areas of the body (from the lumbosacral area to the soles of the feet, and then from the shoulders to the palms of the hands). From baseline to four weeks after the intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain response, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was used to assess cognitive function, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to assess anxiety, and the Beck Depression Inventory Second Version (BDI-II) was used to assess depression in patients. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software (version 16.0), with a P-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Ultimately, a total of 96 participants were divided into the intervention group (n = 47) and the placebo group (n = 51). The baseline characteristics were statistically comparable between the two groups. Statistically significant differences were observed in sleep quality scores (7.51 ± 2.90 vs 9.71 ± 2.67, P < 0.001), anxiety scores (20.26 ± 6.73 vs 24.10 ± 6.46, P = 0.005), and pain response (6.66 ± 1.45 vs 7.41 ± 1.19, P = 0.006) of the intervention group compared to the control group at the 4th week post-intervention. However, there was no significant difference in depression scores (29.43 ± 7.17 vs 30.88 ± 6.26, P = 0.286) and cognitive function scores (28.06 ± 1.55 vs 27.51 ± 1.97, P = 0.128) between the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Aroma massage with lavender essential oil may have a positive effect for BCS undergoing chemotherapy and warrants further promotion.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered at www.

CLINICALTRIALS: gov (Registration Number: NCT06338527, Registration Date: March 28, 2024).

PMID:40653563 | DOI:10.1007/s00520-025-09741-x

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10735-2.

ABSTRACT

Congestive heart failure (CHF) and social determinants of health (SDoH) are each associated with increased mortality risk, but their combined effects are not well understood. This study investigated the joint association of CHF and cumulative SDoH burden with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Data were obtained from 38,937 U.S. adults aged ≥ 18 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2018. CHF was identified by self-reported physician diagnosis. Eight SDoH indicators across five domains were assessed and categorized into low (≤ 2) or high (> 2) burden. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the independent and joint associations of CHF and SDoH with mortality. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models assessed non-linear associations. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves illustrated survival. Among 38,937 participants (mean age 47.1 years; 51.9% female), 3.4% had CHF and 54.0% had high SDoH burden. During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 4,730 all-cause deaths and 1,224 CVD deaths were recorded. CHF was associated with elevated all-cause (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 2.03-2.62) and CVD mortality (HR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.90-4.26). High SDoH burden also increased the risk of all-cause (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.69-1.99) and CVD mortality (HR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.62-2.28). The highest risks were observed among individuals with both CHF and high SDoH burden (HR = 3.47 and 5.27, respectively). RCS analysis demonstrated significant non-linear, dose-response relationships (p for nonlinearity < 0.001). Joint risks were particularly elevated in younger adults (< 65 years), those with hypertension, and individuals lacking routine healthcare. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of findings. CHF and high SDoH burden are independently and jointly associated with increased mortality. Addressing both clinical and social risk factors is essential to reduce disparities and improve cardiovascular outcomes.

PMID:40653549 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-10735-2

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25308. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09324-0.

ABSTRACT

Despite the important role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant stress response, little is known about their effects on RNA. Present study focuses on RNA oxidation in soybean seedlings exposed for a short time to cadmium (1-3 h, 10 mg/L Cd). Treatment with the metal had no effect on the level of common oxidative stress markers: superoxide anion accumulation, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio. On the other hand, 2 h-long exposure to Cd induced the formation of the most frequent oxidative modification of RNA, 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG). The immunohistochemical detection of 8-OHG in the root cross sections demonstrated that this modification is accumulated in the inner cortex tissue, endodermis, protoxylem and phloem, and co-localizes with ROS. The sequencing of 8-OHG enriched poly(A)RNA revealed that transcripts differ in their susceptibility to the oxidation. The highly oxidized transcripts (HOTs) are associated with signalling, stress response and proteins folding. In turn, the lowly oxidized transcripts (LOTs) are involved in mitochondria functioning, response to stimuli and gibberellic acid (GA) metabolism.

PMID:40653546 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-09324-0

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25336. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09707-3.

ABSTRACT

Our understanding of prognostic and predictive factors in the context of nivolumab combined with chemotherapy remains limited. In our multicenter study conducted across 16 centers, data from 153 patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma and a PD-L1 CPS score ≥ 5, who received nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment, were retrospectively analyzed for the period between 2021 and 2024. The study aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), as well as various clinical parameters. The estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.06 months while the estimated median overall survival (OS) was 16.03 months. Patients who were initially diagnosed with metastatic disease had a significantly worse prognosis, as was those with lung metastases. Lower NLR, PLR, and SII values were associated with longer PFS and OS in the univariate analysis; however, their statistical significance was not mantained in the multivariate analysis. SII and PD-L1 CPS score were determined as independent predictive factors for nivolumab plus chemotherapy treatment response. Our study is the only one to date that sheds light on prognostic and predictive factors in patients with metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma and a PD-L1 CPS score ≥ 5, who received nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy.

PMID:40653542 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-09707-3

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08511-3.

ABSTRACT

Considering the importance of mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the status of mammography and related factors based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) in women 40 years of age and older. In Iran, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 43.02 per 100,000 in 2017. The descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 354 women aged 40 and older referred to comprehensive health service centers in Gonabad city (Eastern Iran) in 2023. To determine the stages of decision-making, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the PAPM was used, and people were classified in the stages of unaware, unengaged, deciding to act, decided not to act, decided to act, acting and maintenance. The data was collected by telephone interview and analyzed by statistical tests. The mean age of women was 53.55 ± 7.8 years. In terms of decision-making stages, 19.8%, 39.5%, 9.9%, 21.5%, 9.3% in the unaware stage, unengaged, decided not to act, decided to act, acting and maintenance of mammography screening behavior. Statistical tests showed that the variables of disease history (p < 0.0001), family history of disease (p < 0.0001), education level (p = 0.021) and BMI (p = 0.003) with the stages of intention to perform mammography had a significant relationship. The findings showed that most of the women were in the stage of unaware and deciding to act, and a small percentage were in the stage of decided to act acting and maintenance. Therefore, it seems necessary to carry out educational interventions based on decision-making processes in order to improve mammography screening behavior and early diagnosis of breast cancer.

PMID:40653525 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-08511-3

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25299. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05459-2.

ABSTRACT

Volunteering has been associated with enhanced individual and societal well-being around the world. While some prior research has assessed cultural and sociodemographic differences in volunteering, we know little about how volunteering differs across sociodemographic indicators cross-nationally. Using data from the Global Flourishing Study, a diverse and international sample of 202,898 individuals across 22 countries, we examined the distribution of volunteering across demographic factors (age, gender, marital status, employment status, religious service attendance, education, and immigration status) and across countries. We found variation in volunteering across demographic groups and countries. Unadjusted proportions of volunteering varied between countries: Nigeria showed the highest proportion (0.51) followed by Indonesia (0.46) and Kenya (0.40), while Japan (0.09), Poland (0.08), and Egypt (0.04) showed the lowest proportions of volunteering. Random effects meta-analyses showed that the proportion of people who volunteered differed between demographic groups (e.g., volunteering was higher among those with more education and religious service attendance). Because of the growing evidence of substantial contributions of volunteering to individual as well as societal well-being, it is increasingly important for organizations, governments, and public health officials alike to consider ways to ensure accessibility for able and willing volunteers.

PMID:40653523 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-05459-2

Tech Coloproctol. 2025 Jul 13;29(1):140. doi: 10.1007/s10151-025-03186-4.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in the treatment of rectal cancer, assessing the advantages and disadvantages of both surgical approaches.

METHODS: A propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to analyze 221 patients with rectal cancer treated at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital (Dezhou People’s Hospital) from January 2022 to January 2025. The NOSES group included 24 cases, while the CLS group included 197 cases. After 1:1 matching, 46 cases (23 in each group) were included. This study compared surgical time, blood loss, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP), visual analog scale (VAS) scores, time to passage of flatus, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization costs, complications, and additional analgesia requirements between the two groups.

RESULTS: The NOSES group showed significant advantages in time to passage of flatus (1.78 ± 0.60 d versus 3.57 ± 1.08 d, P < 0.001), time to get out of bed (1.13 ± 0.34 d versus 1.70 ± 0.47 d, P < 0.001), and VAS scores on postoperative days 1 (1.70 ± 0.56 versus 3.30 ± 1.26, P < 0.001), 3 (1.48 ± 0.51 versus 2.91 ± 1.24, P < 0.001), and 7 (1.13 ± 0.55 versus 2.30 ± 1.36, P < 0.001) compared with the CLS group. The NOSES group also required no additional analgesia (χ² = 9.684, P = 0.002). No significant differences were observed in surgical time, blood loss, or complication rates (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: NOSES effectively alleviates postoperative pain, demonstrates significant minimally invasive advantages, and facilitates short-term patient recovery, highlighting its clinical value.

PMID:40653521 | DOI:10.1007/s10151-025-03186-4

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25322. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11205-5.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the morphological classification of the middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) and subscapularis tears and to evaluate whether surgical release of the MGHL is warranted in patients with subscapularis tears. A retrospective analysis was performed on the surgical videos of shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgeries conducted by the same surgeon from September 2020 to September 2021. The MGHL was classified morphologically into two types: overall classification and lateral insertion classification, and the occurrence of subscapularis tears was recorded for each type. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in the number of subscapularis tears among the classification groups. Out of 122 patients, 44 (36.07%) were male and 78 (63.93%) were female, with an average age of 55.03 ± 7.35 years. According to the overall classification of MGHL, there were 54 cases of Type I (44.26%), 32 cases of Type II (26.23%), 28 cases of Type III (22.95%), 2 cases of Type IV (1.64%), and 6 cases of Type V (4.92%). For the lateral insertion classification of MGHL, there were 53 cases of Type A (43.44%) and 69 cases of Type B (69%). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of subscapularis tears among the classification groups . This retrospective study found no correlation between the morphological classification of MGHL and subscapularis tears. For patients with rotator cuff tears who do not have frozen shoulder, caution should be exercised when performing release of the MGHL.

PMID:40653515 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-11205-5