Category: Statistics

J Interpers Violence. 2026 Mar 28:8862605261432577. doi: 10.1177/08862605261432577. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Adolescent dating violence represents a critical issue in mental health research. This study examined a structural model in which romantic love myths and the acceptance of dating violence were specified as attitudinal variables associated with dating violence victimization, and dating violence victimization was, in turn, statistically associated with adolescents’ mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress). A total of 1,123 Chilean high school students aged 13 to 18 participated. Participants completed validated measures assessing romantic love myths (idealization and love-abuse link), acceptance of dating violence, face-to-face dating violence victimization (psychological, physical, and sexual), and cyber dating violence victimization (control and direct aggression), as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Structural equation modeling showed an excellent model fit for the total sample (χ² = 22.97, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.999, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.992, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.037) and for multigroup analyses by gender (χ² = 29.76, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.034). Acceptance of dating violence showed the most consistent associations with both cyber and face-to-face victimization across genders, and cyber dating violence showed no direct association with mental health indicators. However, the pattern of the remaining associations differed by gender. Among girls, myths linking love with abuse were positively associated with psychological, sexual, and physical victimization, and psychological violence was statistically associated with higher depression, anxiety, and stress. Among boys, romantic love myths were not significantly related to any form of dating violence, and victimization showed no significant associations with mental health indicators. These findings emphasize the role of gendered beliefs in shaping adolescents’ dating experiences and call for prevention programs that challenge romantic myths and the acceptance of dating violence from a gender-sensitive perspective.

PMID:41904630 | DOI:10.1177/08862605261432577

J Interpers Violence. 2026 Mar 28:8862605261429552. doi: 10.1177/08862605261429552. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Children may experience harm in diverse family contexts, including circumstances in which other young household members engage in harmful behaviors toward them. Despite child-initiated harm being prevalent and causing significant developmental impacts, these cases present unique challenges for recognition in current legal frameworks designed for adult perpetrators. This study examined patterns in substantiated reports involving children who harmed other children (CHOC) using National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System administrative data from 2018 to 2019. We documented state statutory and policy variations in recognizing minors as perpetrators and corresponding identification rates; compared report and perpetrator characteristics between CHOC reports versus adult-perpetrated cases using descriptive statistics; and examined differences in CHOC cases by the presence of sexual abuse allegations. Among more than 885,000 substantiated reports, 2.4% involved CHOC, with state rates ranging from 0.2% to 9.7%, corresponding to state definitional frameworks. Reports involving CHOC differed significantly from adult-perpetrated cases: Victims were typically older and without siblings, reports more often originated from parents and mental health personnel, and foster care placement occurred less frequently. When CHOC had adult coperpetrators, these adults were younger and showed elevated sexual abuse rates compared with adult-only perpetrator cases, yet they primarily committed neglect whereas their CHOC predominantly committed sexual abuse. Among CHOC reports, those with sexual abuse allegations disproportionately involved White families, older victims, and CHOC who were younger, male, and often related to the victim. Findings show substantial cross-state policy variation and distinct report characteristics requiring targeted responses, highlighting opportunities for developmentally appropriate, trauma-informed, and family-centered interventions addressing the needs of both CHOC and victims.

PMID:41904607 | DOI:10.1177/08862605261429552

BMC Res Notes. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s13104-026-07788-5. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41904592 | DOI:10.1186/s13104-026-07788-5

Arch Public Health. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s13690-026-01905-3. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41904573 | DOI:10.1186/s13690-026-01905-3

BMC Public Health. 2026 Mar 29. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27160-3. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41904555 | DOI:10.1186/s12889-026-27160-3

Genome Med. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s13073-026-01629-7. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41904542 | DOI:10.1186/s13073-026-01629-7

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s12933-026-03149-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance is a central pathophysiological feature of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome and has been implicated in adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index-related indicators and heart failure (HF)-related mortality in individuals with early-stage CKM syndrome remains unclear.

METHODS: This research conducted a prospective analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Participants with CKM stages 0-2 and without clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline were included. TyG and related indices (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR) were analyzed as continuous and quartile-based variables. The primary outcome was HF-related mortality, ascertained via linkage to the National Death Index. Associations were assessed using Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray competing risk models with hierarchical adjustment, including additional adjustment for CKM stage in extended models. Machine learning approaches (Boruta and SHAP) were applied for covariate selection. Nonlinear associations, predictive performance, mediation by HbA1c, and subgroup effects were further evaluated.

RESULTS: Among 14,830 participants, higher TyG-related indices were associated with increased HF-related mortality during follow-up. After full adjustment, each 1-SD increase in TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR was associated with a 2.27-fold and 2.94-fold higher risk of HF-related mortality, respectively (all P < 0.05). The associations remained consistent after additional adjustment for CKM stage. Restricted cubic spline analyses demonstrated predominantly linear dose-response relationships. TyG-WHtR exhibited the strongest discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.641, 95% CI 0.601-0.680). Mediation analyses indicated that HbA1c accounted for approximately 15%-30% of the observed associations. Associations were generally consistent across clinically relevant subgroups and remained robust in competing risk analyses and sensitivity analyses.

CONCLUSIONS: In individuals with early-stage CKM syndrome, TyG-related indices-particularly those incorporating central adiposity-are independently associated with HF-related mortality. These findings highlight the prognostic relevance of insulin resistance-related metabolic burden in the early stages of CKM syndrome.

PMID:41904528 | DOI:10.1186/s12933-026-03149-5

Int J Retina Vitreous. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s40942-026-00816-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study analyzes the clinical features and surgical outcomes of combat blast-related traumatic full-thickness macular holes (BRTMH) secondary to war-related ocular trauma in Ukraine, managed at a single civilian center.

METHODS: Thirteen patients (14 eyes) with diagnosis of BRTMH treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were recruited for this retrospective, consecutive case, interventional study. Surgery outcome-related factors including face-down positioning were assessed and statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: Blast trauma was the cause of injury in all (100%) of the MH cases, wearing no eye protection. Four eyes (28.6%) with MH were secondary to an open-globe, whereas ten eyes (71.4) were related to a closed-globe injury. MH closure was achieved in all cases (100%) after the primary surgery. The median (IQR) ocular trauma score (OTS) was 68 (56-75), while the time interval from injury to surgery was 41 (19 to 71) days. The median (IQR, interquartile range 25-75%) Minimum Linear Diameters of the MHs (µm) was 682 μm (532-889), while nine out of fourteen eyes (64.3%) had BRTMH > 600 μm. There was a direct correlation of postoperative visual acuity at 1 month with the OTS score (ρ = 0.51, p = 0.03) and preoperative visual acuity (LogMar) (ρ = 0.72, p = 0.002), and an inverse correlation with the size of the MH (ρ = -0.63 p = 0.008).

CONCLUSION: Combination of different surgical approaches with minimization of postoperative face-down position time allows to achieve high anatomical and functional results being safe and highly acceptable for wounded patients with BRTMH.

PMID:41904516 | DOI:10.1186/s40942-026-00816-3

BMC Pediatr. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06689-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity among children and adolescents, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were extracted from the NHANES conducted between 2009 and 2018. This study included a total of 7,451 children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years. The statistical analyses employed in this research comprised descriptive statistics, weighted linear regression, multivariate logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline analysis.

RESULTS: Significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed across the quartiles of serum 25(OH)D levels. Higher levels of 25(OH)D were associated with a greater proportion of males, younger age groups (8-12 years), non-Hispanic whites, and non-poor. Logistic regression analysis indicated that individuals in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D levels faced a higher odd of obesity (OR: 2.82, 95% CI: 2.08-3.83) and abdominal obesity (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.97-2.98) after adjusting for covariates. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a nonlinear association between serum 25(OH)D and obesity prevalence, with an inflection point near 56.51 nmol/L; this observation does not imply causality or directionality.

CONCLUSION: Lower serum levels of 25(OH)D are correlated with a higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity among children and adolescents. These findings underscore the need for longitudinal or intervention studies to determine whether maintaining adequate 25(OH)D levels can help lower obesity risk in this demographic.

PMID:41904476 | DOI:10.1186/s12887-026-06689-7

BMC Public Health. 2026 Mar 28. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-27130-9. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:41904449 | DOI:10.1186/s12889-026-27130-9