Category: Statistics

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.027. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the effect of the Kinesio Tape on the muscle power of the elite weightlifters.

METHODS: A randomized controlled trial, single blind. Forty-two male weightlifters were randomly assigned to the experimental Kinesio Tape and sham Kinesio Tape groups of the study. The participants then performed a single leg vertical jump and a single leg horizontal jump with three attempts of each to obtain the measurement of muscle power. Outcome measures were included single-leg vertical countermovement jump, estimated peak power, and single-leg horizontal countermovement jump.

RESULT: Significant effect of Kinesio Tape on horizontal jumps distance among the weightlifters in the experimental group (p = 0.002). The study showed that the vertical jump height (p = 0.433), estimated peak power (p = 0.542) and horizontal jump distance (p = 0.841) measurements did not improve significantly between the groups at level p = 0.05.

CONCLUSION: There is a small and better improvement noticed on the outcome measurements after Kinesio Tape application, which may be considered clinical importance for the sport. However, there was no statistically significant effect of Kinesio Tape between the groups.

PMID:34391243 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.027

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:274-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.025. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Although many studies indicated a decreased reaction time in post-traumatic complaints including ACL injury, no study has been devoted to measure reaction time in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The purpose of the present study was to compare the visuomotor reaction time between PFPS and healthy individuals.

METHODS: Twenty five patients with PFPS (20 women and 5 men, mean age 29.28 years, SD 5.59) and 25 healthy controls (19 women, 6 men, mean age 29.32, years SD 5.30) were recruited in the present study. The dependent variables were upper extremity reaction time, upper extremity error rate, knee extension reaction time in both involved and non-involved legs, plantar flexion reaction time in both involved and non-involved legs.

RESULTS: The results of one-way multiple analysis of variance showed that patients with PFPS had slower upper extremity reaction time (P=0.047, Effect size (ES)=0.39) and plantar flexion reaction time (symptomatic side) (P<0.001, ES=0.77) as compared with healthy control. The symptomatic knee extension reaction time was slower than the healthy matched leg, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.296, ES= 0.19).

CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the reaction time might be considered as a factor associated with PFPS.

PMID:34391245 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.025

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:287-293. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.022. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cricket is one of the prominent global team sports. With an emergence of Twenty20 tournaments, the physical preparation of elite cricket players has become complex with high match injury incidence. Yoga as a body-mind training is associated with having positive effects on a person’s physical and psychological conditions, bringing in better mind-body equilibrium.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluating the impact of yoga in facilitating muscular functioning and mindfulness among asymptomatic male cricket players.

METHOD: First-class domestic male cricket players in the age group of 18-35 years were randomized into yoga group n=42 and wait-list control group n=40. Players received the yoga module for five days per week for a duration of six weeks. Primary outcome measures of muscular functioning were core stability, flexibility, range of motion, static balance, dynamic balance and proprioception of the ankle. Assessments were held at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and a follow-up after six months of intervention.

RESULTS: A statistical significance with p < .001 was observed for most of the variables at T2 and T3. Comparison of the model fit shows a highly significant p < 0.001 difference between the model as compared to the baseline model among most of the variables.

CONCLUSION: This yoga module was appropriate for enhancing muscular functioning variables of this study. Continuous practice of this yoga module can reinforce sustainable benefits for male cricket players.

PMID:34391247 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.022

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:256-264. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.022. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent ankle sprains are common in soccer players, characterized by restricted range of motion, pain, and decreased proprioception, strength, and postural control. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a fascial therapy and strength training program, combined with kinesiotaping, in improving ankle range of motion, pain, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent sprains.

METHOD: A simple blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on soccer players. Thirty-six federated footballers were recruited and randomized to the two study groups. The experimental group received an intervention using myofascial techniques applied to the subastragaline joint, eccentric training with an isoinertial device and neuromuscular taping. The control group was administered an intervention using myofascial techniques on the subastragaline joint and eccentric training with an isoinertial device. The results were recorded for all players at baseline, after 4 weeks of intervention, and at the end of the 4-week follow-up period.

RESULTS: Subsequent to intervention and follow-up, we found statistically significant improvements in the experimental group in ankle mobility, strength and stability. The control group exhibited improvements in all study variables. No differences in the improvement of variables were found based on the allocation of athletes to one group or another.

CONCLUSION: The combination of fascial therapy and eccentric strength training with an isoinertial device improves ankle mobility, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent ankle sprains. The use of taping techniques failed to provide a greater improvement of the study variables when combined with manual therapy and strength techniques.

PMID:34391242 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.022

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:113-126. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.009. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The emergence of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic increased the need for an effective treatment for respiratory conditions exponentially. To meet this challenge, we reevaluated the effectiveness of our physical therapy protocols for respiratory conditions. Protocols of interest were categorized as decongestive, neurogenic, mechanical, and immune modulating.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate which of our existing treatment protocols or protocol combinations produce the best outcome. To do so, we analyzed which ones can meet the following criteria when compared to all other treatments: test statistic (>2.0) in parametric and non-parametric tests, [statistical significance (p < 0.05)], effect size larger than 0.2, difference in the Patient Identified Problem Scale (PIP) score above Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID), and sample size minimum 15 treatments.

DESIGN: Retrospective multivariate analysis using a modified adaptive platform design.

METHODS: A computerized sampling using respiratory related key words from a blinded dataset yielded 178 patients with respiratory complaints or pain in the chest area. Additional statistical analysis using parametric and non-parametric tests evaluated the difference between each treatment protocol and the rest of the treatments provided.

RESULTS: Several protocol combinations and one individual protocol passed the study criteria. Cardiac vascular venous thoracic (CVVT) protocol was used most frequently within these combinations (7), followed by Urinary Drainage (UD) (4). Other protocols in this group were Cardiac Cervical Cranial Vascular (CCCV), Venous Thoracic Cardiopulmonary (VTCP), and Diaphragm Cranial Sinus (DCS). Among the respiratory specific protocols, CVVT was significantly better than VTCP (0.40, p < 0.001).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: For the patient population studied, CVVT appears to be the primary protocol to consider, followed by UD, CCCV, VTCP, and DCS. Combining CVVT with Barral Abdominal Motility protocol (Barral) or VTCP with Lower Abdominal Urogenital (LAUG) on the same day might be required with acute patients.

PMID:34391222 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.009

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:127-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.023. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Basketball is a dynamic team sport which involves skilled movement and activities. Shooting is considered to be an essential part of the game for scoring points. The core strength is an important preconditioning for the sport, and it influences the performance of the player.

METHOD: In this study the subjects included thirty-six male basketball players divided into two groups of high and low core groups. The subjects performed one arm hop test and modified upper quarter y balance test (mUQYBT) under with and without core activation condition. The performance of the subjects was evaluated using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukeys HSD. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Value of confidence interval was set at 95%.

RESULTS: Based on the study, significant difference (p < 0.05) in performance for one arm hop test was observed among all the four groups of core muscles (group 1: high core with core activation, group 2 high core without core activation, group 3 low core with core activation and group 4 low core without core activation). Whereas, no significant difference (p > 0.05) in performance for mUQYBT was observed among all four groups.

DISCUSSION: Core training is the basis for many functional movements and has become the norm in athletic training programs. Broad benefits of core stabilization have been overlooked, from improving athletic performance to preventing injuries in the sports medicine world.

CONCLUSION: In the present study, core activation was associated with improved stability and mobility of basketball players during the upper extremity performance test, and the greatest influence of core activation was seen in individuals with lower core scores.

PMID:34391223 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.023

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:176-180. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.011. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The BackAche Disability Index (BADIX) is a 2-section test: (a) the BackAche Index encompassing 5 active back movements, evaluated on a 4-point Likert-type rating scale; (b) the morning Back Stiffness Score, choosing the most fitting statement out of 6, upon awakening.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Hebrew version of BADIX.

METHODS: Translation/retranslation of the English version of the BADIX was conducted, and the cross-cultural adaptation process performed. The Hebrew version BADIX was evaluated at two meetings, two weeks apart, in 51 female nurses (40 reported back pain and 11 reported no back problems). The Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMQ) and The Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (MODQ) were also evaluated.

RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 45.34±11.11 years. Internal consistency calculated by the Cronbach’s α coefficient was very high (α>0.9). A high degree of test-retest reliability was found, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 95% CI) of 0.933 (0.839 – 0.973), and r=0.908. Concurrent validity of the BADIX domains with the RMQ and MODQ was found statistically significant and high (ρ=0.688, RMQ, and ρ=0.674, MODQ).

CONCLUSIONS: The adapted and modified Hebrew version of the BADIX is reliable and measures the pain and mobility outcome of physical impairment and morning backache stiffness. It can be employed, in addition to self-reported outcome measures, by clinicians and researchers in quantitatively evaluating the clinical status and progression of patients with lower back pain in Hebrew-speaking populations.

PMID:34391231 | DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.011

Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 6;800:149516. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149516. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Fish from both aquaculture and wild capture are exposed to veterinary and medicinal antibiotics (ABs). This study explored the occurrence and probable source of 46 antibiotic residues in muscle of farmed salmon and wild trout from Chile. Results showed that at least one AB was detected in all studied samples. Diverse patterns were observed between farmed and wild specimens, with higher ABs concentrations in wild fish. Considering antimicrobial resistance, detected ABs corresponded to the categories B (Restrict), C (Caution) and D (Prudence) established by Antimicrobial Advice Ad Hoc Expert Group (European Medicines Agency). Multivariate statistic was used to verify differences between farmed and wild populations, looking for the probable source of ABs as well. Principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, enrofloxacin, amoxicillin, penicillin G, oxolinic acid, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and clarithromycin were associated with wild samples, collected during the cold season. Conversely, norfloxacin, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfadimethoxine, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, penicillin V, doxycycline, flumequine, oxacillin, pipemidic acid and sulfamethizole were associated with wild samples collected during the warm season. All farmed salmon samples were associated with ofloxacin, tetracycline, cephalexin, erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin, sulfabenzamide, sulfamethazine, sulfapyridine, sulfisomidin, and sulfaguanidine. In addition, linear discriminant analysis showed that the AB profile in wild fish differ from farmed ones. Most samples showed ABs levels below the EU regulatory limit for edible fish, except for sulfaquinoxaline in one sample. Additionally, nitrofurantoin (banned in EU) was detected in one aquaculture sample. The differences observed between farmed and wild fish raise questions on the probable source of ABs, either aquaculture or urban anthropic activities. Further research is necessary for linking the ABs profile in wild fish with the anthropic source. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report showing differences in the ABs profile between wild and aquaculture salmonids, which could have both environmental and health consequences.

PMID:34391145 | DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149516

Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 9;800:149562. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149562. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of next generation sequencing (NGS) has proved to be an important tool for the genetic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from clinical samples. The use of different available NGS tools applied to wastewater samples could be the key for an in-depth study of the excreted virome, not only focusing on SARS-CoV-2 circulation and typing, but also to detect other potentially pandemic viruses within the same family. With this aim, 24-hours composite wastewater samples from March and July 2020 were sequenced by applying specific viral NGS as well as target enrichment NGS. The full virome of the analyzed samples was obtained, with human Coronaviridae members (CoV) present in one of those samples after applying the enrichment. One contig was identified as HCoV-OC43 and 8 contigs as SARS-CoV-2. CoVs from other animal hosts were also detected when applying this technique. These contigs were compared with those obtained from contemporary clinical specimens by applying the same target enrichment approach. The results showed that there is a co-circulation in urban areas of human and animal coronaviruses infecting domestic animals and rodents. NGS enrichment-based protocols might be crucial to describe the occurrence and genetic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and other Coronaviridae family members within the excreted virome present in wastewater.

PMID:34391155 | DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149562

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021 Aug 4;207:112018. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112018. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Complete treatment of cancer remains a major challenge today. Herein, a biocompatible drug delivery system named as PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG was constructed. In this system, Paclitaxel (PTX) was blended with phase-change material (PCM) and loaded in mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (mPBs), and chelated with polyethylene glycol at surface. The blank PCM@mPBs/PEG had uniform particle size distribution, large pore size to load drug, excellent photothermal efficiency and good biocompatibility. After loading PTX, PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG was demonstrated with a high loading capacity and the drug presented temperature-responsive release characteristics. In addition, PTX can be released under the exposure of an NIR laser. In vitro cell experiments showed that nanoparticles can be exposed to near-infrared irradiation to increase uptake in cells, which enhanced anticancer activity. After tail vein injection of PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG suspension in tumor-bearing mice, PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG can accumulate at the tumor site through passive transport. The tumor was effectively suppressed by phototherapy and chemotherapy with few side effects. In summary, compared with photothermal therapy or chemotherapy alone, the prepared PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG showed synergistic photothermal and chemotherapeutic effects on cancer treatment of mice.

PMID:34391167 | DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112018