Nevin Manimala

Lasers Med Sci. 2025 May 17;40(1):227. doi: 10.1007/s10103-025-04488-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite extensive research, there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment for Striae distensae (SD).

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ablative (short pulse (SP) mode) versus combined ablative and non-ablative (short pulse + smooth (SP + SM) mode) modality of Er: YAG laser for the treatment of SD.

METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 29 female participants with SD referred to Razi Hospital in 2021. The body areas were divided into left and right side areas. The right side of body areas with SD was treated with SP + SM mode. The left side of body areas with SD was only treated with SP mode. Three months after treatment, clinical improvement was assessed based on dermatologist assessment and patients’ opinion.

RESULTS: The participants were middle-aged women with SD on the chest, abdomen, thighs, knees, or arms. SD in both study groups (SP + SM mode versus SP mode alone) showed improvement after treatment. Nonetheless, there was no statistically significant difference between the two study groups regarding the clinical improvement based on dermatologist assessment (p = 0.279) and improvement of striae based on patient opinion (p = 0.208).

CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we demonstrated that both ablative (SP mode) and combined ablative and non-ablative (SP + SM mode) strategies of Er: YAG laser are efficient for the treatment of SD. However, we failed to show any superiority for combined ablative and non-ablative (SP + SM mode) compared to ablative (SP mode) modality.

PMID:40381084 | DOI:10.1007/s10103-025-04488-7

Discov Oncol. 2025 May 17;16(1):794. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-02636-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Colorectal carcinogenesis involves dynamic interactions between genetic susceptibility and cellular heterogeneity, yet current studies rarely disentangle causal genes from passive associations. While GWAS have mapped numerous risk loci, only a minority colocalize with eQTL/pQTL. A multi-omics framework combining single-cell transcriptomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and MR is urgently needed to resolve cell-type-specific drivers of colorectal cancer pathogenesis.

METHODS: We integrated GWAS data, eQTL data, pQTL data, and single-cell RNA sequencing differential gene expression profiles from public databases. Subsequent batch Two-sample Mendelian randomization and further SMR analysis aimed to identify key genes in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.

RESULTS: Cluster analysis identified 4909 DEGs across various cell types. We discovered that 428 DEGs had a causal association with colorectal cancer through eQTL, of which 38 genes met the FDR statistical standards, and four of these genes (CTSF, PCSK7, LYZ, LMAN2L) also had causal associations through pQTL. SMR analysis confirmed the reliability of PCSK7 as a disease target.

CONCLUSION: By integrating single-cell data, transcriptomic data, proteomic data and GWAS data for MR analysis, we identified CTSF, PCSK7, LYZ, LMAN2L as potential targets for colorectal cancer.

PMID:40381082 | DOI:10.1007/s12672-025-02636-7

J Community Health. 2025 May 17. doi: 10.1007/s10900-025-01476-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine diet, physical activities, and the frequency and risk factors for body weight problems in children aged between 5 and 13 who attend public primary schools in Constantine, Algeria. A total of 811 children (403 girls and 408 boys) enrolled in three random primary schools in Constantine took anthropometric measurements to calculate body mass index (BMI = weight/size). A questionnaire was created to collect information about the children’s lifestyles, which was completed online by their parents. Obesity and overweight were determined according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). A statistical analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for overweight and obesity. The results showed that overweight affects 1.726% of children (57.15% boys and 42.85% girls). The results also showed a 0.616% prevalence of obesity (60% boys, 40% girls). In addition to that, the results of this study revealed that 72.133% of the children are underweight (51.96% boys, 48.04% girls), and 25.524% of them have normal weight (44.92% boys, 55.08% girls). In risk factor analysis, the results show that body weight problems are associated with different factors like sex, age group (8-10 years old), number and composition of meals, and lack of physical activity. Body weight problems are a severe condition that deserves significant healthcare expenses, and for that, urgent protective measures are required. The promotion of a healthy diet and regular physical activity is a top priority in body weight problem prevention, especially for children.

PMID:40381075 | DOI:10.1007/s10900-025-01476-4

Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 May 17;29(1):102. doi: 10.1007/s10006-025-01399-3.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the stereolithographic surgical guide in reducing intraoperative and postoperative complication during lateral sinus lift operation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A parallel randomized controlled prospective clinical study was conducted on fourteen patients requiring thirty dental implants in the posterior maxilla and diagnosed with reduced vertical bone height. Lateral Maxillary Sinus Lift procedure with simultaneous implant placement was performed to all patients. Stereolithographic surgical guides for lateral window osteotomy and implant drilling and placement were used in the study group, while lateral osteotomy and implant drilling and placement was done freehand in the control group. A cone beam computed tomography was taken immediately and six months post-sinus lifting. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were assessed, pain and edema were assessed using visual analogue scale and vertical bone was assessed using fusion module of cone beam computed tomography.

RESULTS: All dental implants demonstrated high survival rates with no statistically significant difference observed in intraoperative or postoperative complications. In terms of new vertical bone gain, both groups exhibited satisfactory and successful outcomes. Concerning pain, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups except after two days, the study group showed statistically significantly lower pain score than the control group. While regarding the severity of edema, the study group showed statistically significantly higher prevalence of moderate and severe edema than control group which showed higher prevalence of mild edema.

CONCLUSION: According to the current study it has been concluded that there was no remarkable difference between the outcomes of both methods. The study protocol and its consent form were approved by the ethical committee of Suez Canal University (No.432/2021); and registered retrospectively on 23 April 2024 on PACTR (PACTR20240875463218) (pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID = 30442).

PMID:40381068 | DOI:10.1007/s10006-025-01399-3

Int Ophthalmol. 2025 May 17;45(1):193. doi: 10.1007/s10792-025-03558-7.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare visual acuity outcomes of two monofocal IOL models, a zero-aberration monofocal IOL (Envista MX60E; Bausch and Lomb) and a monofocal plus IOL (Eyhance DIB00; Johnson and Johnson), in eyes undergoing combined cataract surgery and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) (triple DMEK).

METHODS: Retrospective, single-center case series of 91 eyes (66 patients) undergoing triple DMEK with either IOL between 2019 and 2023 at a tertiary academic center. Eyes were divided into 2 groups: zero-aberration IOL (49 eyes) and monofocal plus IOL (42 eyes). Among these, 20 eyes received a zero-aberration IOL, and 26 eyes received a monofocal plus IOL in both eyes. Visual acuity measurements at 3-6 months and 6-12 months postoperatively included uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near (UDVA, UIVA, UNVA) and distance-corrected distance, intermediate, and near (CDVA, DCIVA, DCNVA) visual acuities for monocular (Uni) and binocular (Bi) assessments. Patients were administered the Intraocular Lens Satisfaction questionnaire to assess their level of spectacle independence at the 3-6 month visit. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher’s exact tests.

RESULTS: UDVA_Uni, CDVA_Uni, and UNVA_Uni were favorable and comparable between the two groups. At the 3-6 month timepoint, the Eyhance group had significantly better UIVA_Uni (0.17 ± 0.12 vs. 0.23 ± 0.13, p = 0.03), DCIVA_Uni (0.23 ± 0.08 vs. 0.31 ± 0.08, p < 0.001), and DCNVA_Uni (0.36 ± 0.09 vs. 0.40 ± 0.08, p = 0.04). However, at 6-12 months, all six VA measurements were similar between the 2 groups. Bilateral cases at the 3-6 month timepoint demonstrated superior DCNVA_Bi in the Eyhance group versus the Envista group (0.31 ± 0.08 vs. 0.41 ± 0.03, p = 0.008). The spherical equivalent refractive error (- 0.51 ± 0.94D vs. – 0.55 ± 1.05D, p = 0.89) for all eyes and inter-eye refractive error in the binocular subgroup (0.29 ± 1.36D vs. 0.42 ± 1.11D, p = 0.80) was similar for both groups. Postoperative complications and patient satisfaction were comparable between the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Both IOLs can provide favorable corrected and uncorrected VA in triple DMEK eyes. Eyhance may provide better DCIVA_Uni and UIVA_Uni in single eyes and better DCNVA_Uni/Bi in all eyes up to six months postoperatively.

PMID:40381067 | DOI:10.1007/s10792-025-03558-7

Clin Oral Investig. 2025 May 17;29(6):300. doi: 10.1007/s00784-025-06374-6.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This preliminary study aims to compare the clinical, radiological, and histological outcomes of third molar socket repairs after dental extraction with and without the use of particulate dentin graft.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients requiring bilateral surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars were selected. One side received a blood clot (control side) and the other an autologous particulate dentin graft (experimental side). Postoperative evaluations at 7 and 21 days assessed pain, edema, trismus, suture dehiscence, and wound edge coaptation. At 120 days, CBCT was used to evaluate bone density, and a biopsy was performed for histological analysis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS software with descriptive statistics and paired t-test at a 5% significance level.

RESULTS: At 21 days, only one case of suture dehiscence occurred on the experimental side, compared to three on the control side. No differences in pain, edema, or trismus were observed between groups. Tomographic analysis showed no significant difference in the distance from the alveolar bone crest to the CEJ, but the experimental group had significantly higher bone density (p = 0.002). Histologically, the experimental side exhibited thicker, denser connective tissue with higher cellularity, collagen production, and multinucleated giant cells, while the control side showed typical connective tissue with fewer multinucleated cells.

CONCLUSION: Particulate dentin grafting showed benefits in bone density and clinical stability, with a more advanced histological healing stage.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Improve post-extraction socket healing, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods, particularly in terms of enhancing bone regeneration and clinical outcomes.

PMID:40381050 | DOI:10.1007/s00784-025-06374-6

Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2025 May 17;410(1):162. doi: 10.1007/s00423-025-03736-2.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Emergency department visits are common following bariatric surgery and may be partially preventable. Health literacy and general self-efficacy are factors that may influence health-seeking behaviors in these patients. This study aimed to assess whether health literacy and general self-efficacy are associated with an increased frequency of emergency department visits after bariatric surgery.

METHODS: Patients who underwent bariatric surgery at a single hospital from 2018 to 2020 were evaluated for their health literacy and general self-efficacy levels before surgery. Data on emergency department visits within the patient’s residential region were evaluated over a three-year period, with repeated emergency department visits for abdominal pain as the primary outcome.

RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 69 of 231 patients (29.9%) had at least one emergency department visit for abdominal pain, and 20 patients (8.7%) had three or more visits. Inadequate functional health literacy (OR 5.56, 95% CI 1.80-17.19, p = 0.003) and inadequate communicative and critical health literacy (OR 10.48, 95% CI 3.13-35.08, p < 0.001) were both significantly associated with an increased risk of repeated emergency department visits over the three-year period. No significant association was found between low general self-efficacy and the frequency of emergency department visits.

CONCLUSIONS: Inadequate health literacy is associated with an increased risk of repeated emergency department visits for abdominal pain following bariatric surgery.

PMID:40381032 | DOI:10.1007/s00423-025-03736-2

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2025 May 17. doi: 10.1007/s00213-025-06809-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders from childhood to adult life along with the dysregulation of neuroendocrinological processes mediating stress and inflammation. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been found to play a putative role in the release of inflammatory cytokines.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role of the ECS in the interplay between ACEs and interleukin 6 (IL-6) as an inflammatory marker.

METHODS: We analysed ACEs (CTQ, Bernstein et al. 2003), plasma IL-6 and endocannabinoid concentrations (anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in a cohort comprising 48 female individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and 31 matched healthy controls (HCs).

RESULTS: We found higher IL-6 levels in individuals with BPD compared to HCs and, across all study participants, observed significant positive correlations between AEA, 2-AG and IL-6 levels. CTQ sum scores correlated positively with IL-6 concentrations at a trend level (statistically significant for sexual abuse). Correlations between CTQ sum scores and IL-6 levels were particularly strong in participants with low endocannabinoid levels (lowest three quartiles; n = 57) while in the quartile with the highest endocannabinoid levels (n = 19), no correlations were evident. Furthermore, an exploratory analysis applying a median split for IL-6 levels revealed that the number of individuals with recent suicide attempts (< 1 month ago) was significantly higher in the high IL-6 levels group (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.06-0.86).

CONCLUSION: Our findings support the bidirectional link between ACEs and immune system alterations and suggest that endocannabinoids may counteract the stress-inflammatory response.

PMID:40381004 | DOI:10.1007/s00213-025-06809-8

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2025 May 17. doi: 10.1007/s00213-025-06795-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: The head twitch response (HTR) is a spontaneously occurring behavior in mice that is increased in frequency by serotonergic psychedelics. The mouse HTR is often used as a proxy for psychedelic-like drug effects, but limited information is available about sex differences in HTRs evoked by various classes of psychedelics (i.e., phenethylamines, lysergamides, tryptamines).

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To examine potential sex differences in responsiveness to structurally-distinct psychedelics, acute effects of subcutaneous 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodo-amphetamine (DOI, 0.03-10 mg/kg), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, 0.003-1 mg/kg), and 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin, 0.03-10 mg/kg) on HTRs were compared in male and female C57BL/6J mice. For comparison, effects of the drugs on locomotor activity and body temperature were also determined.

RESULTS: Drug potencies for inducing HTRs were similar in males and females for all drugs, with only LSD exhibiting detectable differences due to increased maximal counts in females. Importantly, the maximum number of HTRs observed for all drugs was higher in females, with significant differences between sexes for DOI and LSD. Dose x sex interactions for the dose-response data were statistically significant for psilocybin and LSD, with females displaying more HTRs after the highest or peak doses of all drugs. The acute effects of drugs on locomotion and temperature varied by drug, but were similar in both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS: The present results overall show no substantial sex differences in the potencies to induce HTRs for DOI, LSD, and psilocybin in C57BL/6J mice. However, females uniformly displayed more HTRs at high doses administered across chemotypes. The results further suggest that commonly used doses of psychedelics induce comparable psychedelic-like effects in male and female C57BL/6J mice, but modest differences may emerge at high doses.

PMID:40381003 | DOI:10.1007/s00213-025-06795-x

Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2025 May 17:207640251340820. doi: 10.1177/00207640251340820. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BackgroundAssets, income, socioeconomic status, and other measures of financial position are consistent predictors of depression. Although financial stress has been proposed as a mediator of this relationship, no study has explored this hypothesis using a rigorous longitudinal design or outside of high-income countries.AimsWe address this gap using longitudinal cohort data across four timepoints.MethodThe sample comprised 831 women (M = 35.9 years old) living in Nawalpur, a rural district in the Gandaki province of Nepal; the majority were married (88%) and of Janajati caste/ethnicity (61%). The direct effect of financial position on depressive symptoms and its indirect effect through financial stress were estimated using a cross-lagged panel mediation model (CLPM); we also conducted cross-sectional mediation models – of the sort typically employed in mediation analyses – for comparison and bias estimation.ResultsIn the CLPM, financial stress significantly mediated the financial position-depressive symptom relationship between timepoints one and three, but not between timepoints two and four (likely due to loss of power). After accounting for financial stress as a mediator, the direct effects of financial position on depressive symptoms were not statistically significant. The cross-sectional models overestimated the relationship between financial stress and depressive symptoms; otherwise, results between the CLPM and cross-sectional models were comparable.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that interventions addressing financial stress may improve depressive symptoms. Methodologically, we argue that more researchers should employ longitudinal designs when investigating mediation processes.

PMID:40380863 | DOI:10.1177/00207640251340820