Nevin Manimala

Int J Phytoremediation. 2025 Oct 31:1-12. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2025.2579150. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The application of engineered humic Fe/Zn complexes in remediating lead (Pb) biotoxicity, as well as their impact on CO₂ efflux, soil carbon distribution, and spinach growth, remains unexplored. This study revealed the impact of engineered Fe- and Zn-enriched humate complexes on Pb immobilization, geochemical fractionation, and translocation in a spinach crop, and the effects on soil biochemical health and CO₂-C efflux from tillage and no-tillage Pb-contaminated soils in closed chambers. Advanced statistical models like PLS-PM were employed to determine the direct and total effects of the applied amendments under different tillage regimes. Results demonstrated that Zn- and Fe-humate applications decreased Pb contents by 48% and 72% in tillage soil, while under no-tillage soil Pb concentration was reduced by 35%; 8.7 mg kg^-1 (Zn-humate) vs 33%; 5.9 mg kg^-1 (Fe-humate) compared to respective controls. Soil C distribution showed dramatically varying trends in tilled and no-tilled soils. Soil extracellular enzyme activity was enhanced under both tillage and no-tillage operations with Zn- and Fe-humate complexes. Human-associated health risk was reduced by 3-fold by the application of Fe-humate, and it was 2-fold with Zn-humate. Overall, findings revealed that the tillage-driven application of Fe/Zn humate complexes significantly enhanced spinach growth, reducing Pb bioavailability, highlighting their potential for sustainable soil management in contaminated farmlands.

PMID:41174889 | DOI:10.1080/15226514.2025.2579150

Am J Biol Anthropol. 2025 Nov;188(3):e70146. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.70146.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: During the Paleolithic-Neolithic transition, modern human femoral diaphyses underwent significant structural changes, primarily driven by shifts in subsistence patterns including decreased mobility and increased sedentism. However, femoral remains from East Asia during this period are inadequately reported and studied. This study investigates the femoral diaphyseal structures across East Asia during this transition, exploring their variation, evolutionary processes, and links to subsistence patterns reflected in the archeological record.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human femora from Qihe Cave, Donghulin, and Taipinghu, representing South, North, and Northeast China during the transition, were analyzed. Midshaft cross-sectional shapes were compared with Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP), Late Upper Paleolithic (LUP), and recent sedentary agricultural (RSA) samples. Morphometric maps illustrating cortical bone thickness, external radius, and bending rigidity along the entire diaphysis were compared with Late Pleistocene early modern humans from South and North China and RSA specimens.

RESULTS: Analysis of midshaft cross-sectional shapes revealed that DHL 4 and Qihe M2 align with the LUP group, whereas DHL M1 and TPH 45 show close affinities with the RSA group. Statistical analyses based on morphometric maps further reveal that DHL 4 and Qihe M2 share key features with Late Pleistocene early modern humans, whereas DHL M1 and TPH 45 fall within the RSA variation range.

DISCUSSION: Two distinct femoral diaphyseal patterns are identified among East Asian modern humans during the transition, reflecting regional variations and intrapopulation divisions of labor, primarily associated with hunting and gathering strategies shaped by local environmental conditions and corresponding archeological cultures.

PMID:41174884 | DOI:10.1002/ajpa.70146

Head Neck. 2025 Oct 31. doi: 10.1002/hed.70050. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: High-frequency ultrasound was used to observe and measure the width of the normal adult glottal-level paraglottic space (PGS).

METHODS: One thousand healthy Han Chinese adults (694 women; 18-79 years) were enrolled between October 2023 and April 2024. PGS ultrasound characteristics were observed, and the width was measured at the midpoint of the anterior, middle, and posterior 1/3 points. The data were stratified by age group and sex. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between PGS width and sex, age, height, weight, BMI, and BSA.

RESULTS: The glottic-level PGS is a triangular hyperechoic structure that is narrow in the front and wide in the back of the parathyroid cartilage section. The PGS width reference ranges (5th and 95th percentiles) were as follows: Male: W₁ (0.45-1.16) mm, W₂ (0.55-1.71) mm, W₃ (1.30-2.35) mm; Female: W₁ (0.55-0.95) mm, W₂ (0.90-1.35) mm, W₃ (1.55-2.00) mm. There were no statistically significant differences in W₁, W₂, and W₃ between males and females or between different age groups (all p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: This study summarized normal adult PGS ultrasound characteristics at the glottal level and established references for PGS width, which can provide reference values for clinical practice.

PMID:41174874 | DOI:10.1002/hed.70050

Health Informatics J. 2025 Oct-Dec;31(4):14604582251383804. doi: 10.1177/14604582251383804. Epub 2025 Oct 31.

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Digital patient-reported outcome (PRO) tools, though beneficial for managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), remain underutilized in Australia. This study aimed to investigate a group of Australian patients’ readiness to engage with digital PRO tools and identify potential barriers to their implementation. Methods: We assessed 58 patients from a tertiary IBD clinic in Melbourne, Australia, using the Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology (ReadHy) tool, and compared the results to those from a Danish study. Results: Compared to the Danish cohort, our patients were younger with more frequent users of electronic devices, showed higher readiness across most ReadHy dimensions, except in the “heiQ8 Emotional Distress” dimension. Conclusion: These findings suggest a generally favourable environment for implementing digital PRO tools at an Australian tertiary IBD clinic, though attention should be paid to emotional well-being to improve adoption. This study also provides a framework for other centres to evaluate their patients’ readiness for digital PRO engagement.

PMID:41174870 | DOI:10.1177/14604582251383804

Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2025 Dec;22(6):e70077. doi: 10.1111/wvn.70077.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances and delirium are prevalent problems in the intensive care unit. Evidence suggests that these conditions negatively impact patient outcomes by increasing the length of hospital stays, delaying recovery, and raising healthcare costs.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effect of implementing a sleep care bundle on sleep quality and delirium among critically ill patients.

METHODS: A quasi-experimental research design was used. A purposive sample of 66 patients was divided equally into two groups: a bundle group that received a sleep care bundle and a control group that received routine unit care in the chest intensive care units at Mansoura University in Egypt. Data were collected using the critically ill patients’ outcome evaluation tool based on the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire Scale and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist.

RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the bundle group demonstrated statistically significant improvements across all sleep quality domains measured by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire by Day 3. Specifically, sleep depth improved from 1.24 ± 0.44 to 1.82 ± 0.39 (effect size = 0.600), ability to fall asleep from 1.21 ± 0.42 to 1.91 ± 0.29 (effect size = 0.703), number of awakenings from 1.27 ± 0.45 to 1.79 ± 0.42 (effect size = 0.483), sleep efficiency from 1.24 ± 0.44 to 1.76 ± 0.44 (effect size = 0.600), and overall sleep quality from 1.24 ± 0.44 to 1.85 ± 0.36 (effect size = 0.600). In addition, the occurrence of delirium on Day 3 was significantly lower in the bundle group (0.0%) compared with the control group (15.2%) (χ² = 7.471, p = 0.023). Subsyndromal delirium was observed in 6.1% of the bundle group and 15.2% of the control group. The overall percentage of patients without delirium was significantly higher in the bundle group (93.9%) compared to the control group (69.7%).

LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Implementing a sleep care bundle enhances sleep quality and reduces the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients. Therefore, it can be integrated as an adjunctive intervention alongside routine care for these patients. To strengthen future applications, incorporating fidelity monitoring is recommended to ensure consistent implementation of the sleep care bundle and to optimize its effectiveness in clinical practice.

PMID:41174866 | DOI:10.1111/wvn.70077

Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2025 Dec;22(6):e70074. doi: 10.1111/wvn.70074.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis can lead to complications that negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Managing hemodialysis effectively requires patient adherence to complex regimens.

AIM: This randomized controlled experimental study aimed to assess the impact of nurse-led telephone-based patient education and counseling on disease management, quality of life, and self-care behaviors in hemodialysis patients.

METHODS: Conducted between September 2022 and June 2023 at State Hospital’s Hemodialysis Unit, the study included an intervention and a control group. Data were collected using tools such as the Scale for Dietary Knowledge in Hemodialysis Patients (SDKHP), Attitude Scale for the Dietary Therapy of Hemodialysis Patients (ASDTHP), Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI), Fluid Control in Hemodialysis Patients Scale (FCHPS), the Scale for the Assessment of Self-Care Behaviors with Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF), and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36).

RESULTS: Pre- and posttest comparisons showed significant improvements in the intervention group’s mean scores for SDKHP, ASDTHP, and FCHPS, with the control group experiencing declines. DSI scores indicated reduced symptoms in the intervention group and an increase in the control group. The AVF Self-Care Scale results demonstrated increased self-care behaviors in the intervention group, while a decrease was observed in the control group. KDQOL-36 subscales, including physical and mental functioning, disease burden, and symptom management, also improved in the intervention group, while scores declined in the control group. These findings confirm the effectiveness of telephone-based patient education and counseling on multiple outcome measures.

LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Nurse-led, telephone-based patient education and counseling improved dietary adherence and disease management. Telephone-based patient interventions enhanced patients’ self-care skills regarding AVF maintenance. Quality of life improved across multiple dimensions in the intervention group. Telephone counseling ensured continued monitoring and individual support, even after discharge. Nurses should integrate telephone-based counseling into routine care, especially for chronic disease management.

PMID:41174863 | DOI:10.1111/wvn.70074

Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2025 Dec;22(6):e70079. doi: 10.1111/wvn.70079.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nurse-led telephone-based follow-up interventions play a role in patient follow-up, but at present, no meta-analysis has been found to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led, telephone follow-up interventions for patients with acute coronary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led telephone-based follow-up interventions on health outcomes in people with acute coronary syndromes.

DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

METHODS: A comprehensive search of six databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Scopus was conducted from the inception of the databases to 30 September 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included randomized controlled studies. Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.0 were used to conduct statistical analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included. Nurse-led telephone-based follow-up interventions may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD = -2.55, 95% CI [-4.16, -0.94]) (MD = -2.15, 95% CI [-3.18, -1.12]) and low-density lipoprotein (MD = -9.06, 95% CI [-14.33, -3.79]) in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, its effectiveness in controlling high-density lipoprotein (MD = 1.65, 95% CI [-4.30, 7.61]) and reducing total cholesterol (MD = -2.72, 95% CI [-7.57, 2.13]) was uncertain. In addition, the results showed that the nurse-led follow-up intervention did not play a role in improving anxiety (SMD = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.44, 0.04]) and depression (SMD = -0.07, 95% CI [-0.21, 0.06]) in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but it probably improved drug adherence (RR = 1.30, 95% CI [1.05, 1.60]) and smoking cessation (RR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.08, 1.60]).

LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: The findings of this review suggest that nurse-led telephone-based follow-up interventions had a potentially positive effect on controlling blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein levels, as well as improving medication adherence and smoking cessation among patients with acute coronary syndrome, compared to usual care. However, the intervention did not appear to significantly impact high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, anxiety, and depression, indicating that further research in these areas will be necessary in the future.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): CRD42023465894.

PMID:41174862 | DOI:10.1111/wvn.70079

Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2025;104(5):53-56. doi: 10.17116/stomat202510405153.

ABSTRACT

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: High precise evaluation of the premaxilla morphology is essential to perform detailed diagnosis and treatment plans in implantology and the orthodontic field. We aimed to study morphometric analysis measurements of the premaxilla.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, maxillary CBCT images from 208 patients were evaluated in the Maxillofacial Radiology department between 2014-2024. Sagittal views were assessed to determine thickness of the anterior part in three levels. The difference in canal diameter and length between genders was evaluated using an One Way ANOVA test.

RESULTS: When determining the thickness of the alveolar ridge of the anterior part of the maxillary bone in the sagittal plane at the upper level, it was 11.00±1.65 mm in men and 10/70±1.78 mm in women (f=0.32), (p=0.811), at the lower level 5.62±0.97 mm in men and 5.35±0.78 mm in women (f=0.54), (p=0.66) and an average level of 6.05±141 mm in men and 5.70±1.18 mm in women (f=0.29), (p=0.83), respectively, statistically significant no gender difference was observed.

CONCLUSION: The average superior thickness of the maxillary anterior bone was 10.85±1.71 mm, the medium thickness was 5.87±1.29 mm, the inferior thickness was 5.48±0.87 mm, among Mongolian adults. We observed that the maxillary anterior bone thickness is increased from tip to base of the them.

PMID:41174850 | DOI:10.17116/stomat202510405153

J Neurosurg. 2025 Oct 31:1-10. doi: 10.3171/2025.7.JNS242730. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Resection is the foundation of spheno-orbital meningioma (SOM) treatment, but the confluence of critical neurovascular structures traversing the cranium and orbit and the unforgiving nature of orbital injury make resection of the tumor’s orbital components challenging. Large series detailing surgical outcomes are rarely reported, and a surgical framework is needed. This study examined the feasibility of resection of SOMs with an involved orbit. The authors classified SOMs based on the relative orbital involvement to determine tumor resectability, with the goals of improving proptosis and functional visual outcome and avoiding new deficit.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review identified patients with surgically treated SOMs with a minimum 1-year follow-up at an academic center from 2002 to 2023. Imaging and clinical presentations and outcomes are reported, and a clinically relevant grading system is proposed based on imaging findings of orbital hyperostosis (grade 1), periorbital involvement (grade 2), intraorbital involvement without (grade 3a) or with (grade 3b) rectus muscle invasion, or involvement of the orbital apex or optic nerve (grade 4).

RESULTS: Among 93 included patients (71% female), the mean age at surgery was 54.8 years. The most common presentations were proptosis (74.2%), visual decline (57.0%), and cranial neuropathies (30.1%). Gross-total resection of the orbital contents was achieved in 88.5%, 50.0%, 16.7%, and 24.1% of grade 1-4 tumors, respectively; it was less likely in grade 3 or 4 tumors (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.019-0.190; p < 0.001), unless it was for oncological removal in a patient with no functional vision. Resection led to stable or improved vision in most patients across all grades (96.2%, 100%, 83.3%, and 93.1% in grade 1-4 tumors, respectively). Proptosis was less pronounced in grade 1 tumors, and the degree of proptosis was statistically more likely to improve with pronounced proptosis in higher-grade tumors (Δexophthalmos index 0.04, 0.14, 0.11, and 0.15 in grade 1-4 tumors, respectively). Overall surgical, visual, and ophthalmological morbidities were similar across all grades, and there were no deaths.

CONCLUSIONS: This study introduces a grading system for SOMs and validates its utility through the assessment of surgical outcomes of a large patient cohort. This grading system allows for a better understanding of visual risks associated with surgery and facilitates comparisons across clinical studies. This may guide clinical management discussions and future research of this complex pathology.

PMID:41172370 | DOI:10.3171/2025.7.JNS242730

J Neurosurg. 2025 Oct 31:1-10. doi: 10.3171/2025.7.JNS251312. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The authors of this study aimed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with primary supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at emergency department admission and 6 hours thereafter. Additionally, they evaluated the predictive accuracy of a modified ICH (mICH) Score incorporating midline shift (MLS), compared to that of the original ICH Score.

METHODS: This retrospective analysis included adult patients with primary supratentorial ICH who had been admitted to a Comprehensive Stroke Center between July 2017 and December 2023. Data extracted from the electronic medical records included demographics, clinical history, blood pressure, ICH characteristics on CT scans (i.e., location, hematoma volume, intraventricular hemorrhage, MLS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, ICH Score, laboratory tests (i.e., white blood cell [WBC] count and hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, and glucose levels), antithrombotic use, neurological interventions, and discharge status. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The mICH Score was calculated by substituting ICH volume in the original risk stratification scale with MLS (≥ 5 mm = 1 point). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate among 518 patients with primary supratentorial ICH was 23%. Compared with survivors, deceased patients were older, had lower BMIs, more frequently presented with loss of consciousness, and had lower GCS scores and higher ICH Scores at admission and 6 hours thereafter. Independent predictors of death included older age, lower BMI, cortical ICH location, hematoma volume ≥ 30 cm3, intraventricular hemorrhage, MLS ≥ 5 mm, lower GCS score, higher ICH Score, elevated systolic blood pressure, higher WBC count and glucose level, and lower hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. On admission, the ICH Score (area under the curve [AUC] 0.890) and GCS score (AUC 0.879) showed a strong predictive performance for mortality, which improved at 6 hours after admission (AUC 0.914 for both). The mICH Score (AUC 0.897) demonstrated predictive accuracy comparable to that of the ICH Score. Twenty-one percent of the patients experienced ICH Score progression at 6 hours, which was associated with a 2.4-fold increase in mortality risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study confirm established predictors of mortality in supratentorial ICH and highlight the prognostic value of neurological assessment 6 hours after admission. The mICH Score offers a practical and similarly accurate alternative to the original ICH Score for predicting in-hospital mortality. These findings underscore the importance of early and serial assessments to guide risk stratification in patients with ICH.

PMID:41172364 | DOI:10.3171/2025.7.JNS251312