Nevin Manimala

BMC Womens Health. 2025 Apr 16;25(1):184. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03708-0.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of pelvic position on ultrasonic measurement parameters of pelvic floor in postpartum women.

METHODS: This study included 132 postpartum participants who visited Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from May 2020 to May 2024. All participants were assessed by medical professionals for general information and pelvic floor four dimensional ultrasound. Ultrasonic measurements were performed in three different positions of the pelvis (anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, and neutral pelvic tilt) based on lithotomy position.

RESULTS: Our results indicated that the differences in the diagnosis of cystocele, uterine prolapse, perineal overactivity, and hiatal ballooning among the neutral position, anterior pelvic tilt, and posterior pelvic tilt were statistically significant (P<.001, P<.001, P<.001, and P<.001 respectively). The differences among neutral pelvic tilt, anterior pelvic tilt, and posterior pelvic tilt in hiatal area (during contraction), hiatal area (during rest), hiatal area (during valsalva), bladder neck descent, urethral rotation angle, cervical descent, rectal ampulla descent, hiatal area increase, and hiatal area decrease were statistically significant (P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, and P <.001 respectively), with almost all the values of those parameters in posterior pelvic tilt the highest among three groups. The differences in cervical position (at rest), rectal ampulla position (at rest), and bladder neck position (during valsalva), cervical position (during valsalva), and rectal ampulla position (during valsalva) among neutral pelvic tilt, anterior pelvic tilt, and posterior pelvic tilt were statistically significant (P <.001, P =.035, P <.001, P <.001, and P <.001 respectively), with almost all the values of those parameters in posterior pelvic tilt the lowest among three groups.

CONCLUSION: During the pelvic floor muscle contraction, the posterior pelvic tilt showed the most reduction of hiatal area compared to that in other positions. During Valsalva, not only the most increase of the hiatal area, but also the greatest bladder neck descent, cervical neck descent, and rectal ampulla descent were observed in the posterior pelvic tilt position.

PMID:40234893 | DOI:10.1186/s12905-025-03708-0

Diagn Pathol. 2025 Apr 15;20(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s13000-025-01632-3.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: With the emergence of new antibody coupled drugs, the treatment decisions of patients with low and ultra-low HER2 expression have been reshaped. However, the epidemiological characteristics of relatively rare male breast cancer are still unclear. This study discusses the clinicopathological and immunophenotypic characteristics of male invasive breast cancer with low and ultra-low HER2 expression.

METHODS: The clinicopathological and immunophenotypic features of 106 cases of male invasive breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. HER2 was evaluated according to ASCO/CAP guidelines. The cutoff value of HER2 positive cell staining was > 10%. HER2 negative cases were divided into HER2 low expression (IHC = 1+/2 + and ISH without amplification) and HER2-0 (IHC-0, HER2 null and < 10% weak staining of cell membrane). The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of the cases were collected.

RESULTS: 106 male patients with invasive breast cancer from 2015 to 2024 were included in this study, and more than 85% of male breast cancer histological types were invasive ductal carcinoma. Immunophenotype: There were 23 cases of HER2-zero (including 13 cases of HER2 ultra-low), 72 cases of HER2 low, 11 cases of HER2 positive, and the HER2 positive rate was 10.38%, and the incidence of low expression was 67.93%; The incidence of HER2 low in male breast cancer was significantly higher than that in female breast cancer, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In terms of prognosis, there was no statistical difference between HER2 low male breast cancer and female breast cancer (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in survival prognosis between different HER2 status in the male breast cancer cohort.

CONCLUSION: Male invasive breast cancer is rare, and it is more common in the elderly over 60 years old. The positive rate of ER and PR is high, and the incidence of HER2 low is high. The high HER2 low expression rate of male breast cancer can provide a new anti-HER2 treatment decision.

PMID:40234892 | DOI:10.1186/s13000-025-01632-3

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Apr 15;25(1):576. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05742-8.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Quantifying shared risk factors among periodontal disease (PD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (DM2) can bolster Common Risk Factor Approach (CRFA), enabling integration of PD prevention into non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention strategies. The objective of the study is to assess extent of overlap of shared risk factors between CVD, DM2, PD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care medical and dental teaching hospital in South India, from July 2022 to April 2024. Study included 600 participants (ages 18-75) divided into three groups: Group A: DM2, CVD, or both and PD; Group B: DM2 or CVD; and Group C: PD alone. Various demographic, metabolic, habit related, dietary and periodontal disease severity related risk factors were evaluated in the study.

RESULTS: Among 600 participants, 55.5% were male, 58.8% were under 50 years. Statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) for shared risk factors between Group A and Group B were observed for age > 50 (0.58), sedentary lifestyle (0.43), fat intake > 41 g/d (1.87), HbA1C ≥ 6.5% (0.56), FBS > 126 mg/dL (2.35) and family history of NCDs (9.8). For Group A versus Group C, statistically significant ORs were seen for age > 50 (0.55), HbA1c 5.7%-6.4% (0.34), triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (0.04), education (0.52), alcohol use (1.53) and poor oral hygiene (3.01). Severity of periodontal disease assessed using PSR, HbA1c, triglycerides, fat intake, age, education, obesity were identified as vital shared risk factors. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Age, education, obesity, PSR, HbA1c, triglycerides emerged as significant shared risk factors. Integrating these factors into surveillance tools may enhance NCD and PD risk identification, supporting CRFA-based healthcare approach.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/ 2022/06/043279 registered on 15th of June 2022.

PMID:40234889 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-05742-8

BMC Nurs. 2025 Apr 15;24(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02946-9.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Academic students often face significant academic pressures that can lead to test anxiety, affecting performance and well-being. Students who are highly sensitive to feedback may experience heightened levels of anxiety due to their perceived ability to meet expectations and their reaction to criticism or praise.

AIM: This study assessed how hardiness moderates the relationship between feedback sensitivity and test anxiety among nursing students.

METHODS: A multicenter descriptive correlational design was utilized, involving a convenient sample of 1932 Egyptian nursing students. Data were collected conveniently and analyzed to determine the correlations between test anxiety, hardness, and feedback sensitivity scale from January 2024 to February 2024.

RESULTS: The study revealed that 52.9% of the nursing students experienced a high level of test anxiety. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between feedback sensitivity and test anxiety (P < 0.001), while a negative correlation was observed between hardiness, feedback sensitivity, and test anxiety (P < 0.001). Predictors of test anxiety, based on the linear regression model, included gender, educational level, monthly income, previous grades, history of failure, use of non-prescribed sedatives, hardiness, and feedback sensitivity (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that feedback sensitivity had a direct effect on test anxiety (P < 0.001), as well as an indirect effect through hardiness, which played a mediating role in the relationship between feedback sensitivity and test anxiety (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: This research underscores the critical role of feedback sensitivity and hardiness in shaping test anxiety among nursing students.

PMID:40234885 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-025-02946-9

BMC Nurs. 2025 Apr 15;24(1):428. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02977-2.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A breast cancer diagnosis extends beyond physical health concerns, profoundly impacting a woman’s psychological well-being, resilience and sexual satisfaction. Mastectomy intensifies these challenges, potentially affecting overall quality of life and long-term well-being. Understanding the interrelationships between perceived stress, resilience and sexual satisfaction is crucial for designing targeted interventions that effectively support mastectomized women. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Emotional Freedom Technique in mitigating stress, enhancing resilience and improving sexual well-being post-mastectomy.

METHODS: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was employed with a convenient sample of 112 Egyptian women who had undergone mastectomy. Participants were recruited from the Outpatient Oncology Clinic at Beni-Suef University Hospital. Data were collected over six months (January-June 2024) and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. The intervention consisted of six structured EFT sessions delivered over six weeks. Paired t-tests assessed pre- and post-intervention differences, while Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses examined relationships between variables to accommodate different data distributions.

RESULTS: Post-intervention assessments revealed statistically significant improvements. Perceived stress scores decreased from 32.42 ± 1.70 to 17.27 ± 2.96 (t = 49.130, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 3.2), resilience scores increased from 11.53 ± 1.67 to 31.46 ± 5.48 (t = 36.454, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.8) and sexual satisfaction scores improved from 17.03 ± 1.55 to 31.00 ± 4.31 (t = 13.245, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.5). Strong negative correlations were found between perceived stress and both resilience (r = -0.692, p < 0.001) and sexual satisfaction (r = -0.835, p < 0.001), while resilience and sexual satisfaction were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.890, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: EFT is a cost-effective, non-invasive intervention that significantly reduces stress, enhances resilience and improves sexual satisfaction in women post-mastectomy. To optimize clinical integration, healthcare institutions should develop structured EFT training programs for nurses, incorporating theoretical foundations, hands-on practice and competency assessments. Standardized protocols should be established to guide EFT implementation in post-mastectomy care. Further research should explore long-term effects and broader applicability across diverse healthcare settings.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT06583629 on 4/9/2024.

PMID:40234881 | DOI:10.1186/s12912-025-02977-2

Malar J. 2025 Apr 15;24(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s12936-025-05346-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) are effective malaria prevention tools. However, information is limited about their durability and wash resistance in field circumstances, especially in seasonal transmission areas in South Asia. This study comprised a systematic examination of usage, physical integrity and insecticidal activity of LLINs in households in Afghanistan, three years after distribution.

METHODS: In 2014, 500 households in 5 malaria endemic Afghan provinces (Balkh, Herat, Khost, Kunduz and Nangarhar) that had received LLINs (PermaNet 2.0) three years earlier were randomly selected through cluster sampling. All household heads were interviewed about LLIN survivorship, usage and maintenance. One randomly selected LLIN from each household was rigorously inspected to calculate the proportionate Hole Index (pHI). Four location-specific pieces from 200 randomly selected LLINs (40 per province) underwent cone bioassay testing in the Jalalabad entomology laboratory, to measure mosquito knock-down after 60 min and 24-h mortality. The number and percentage of nets with ≥ 80% mosquito mortality was assessed. Five location-specific pieces from 34 randomly selected LLINs (5-8 per province) were tested for insecticidal content by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTS: Of the 1190 distributed LLINs, 1045 were still in the household at the time of the survey (survivorship 87.8%) and 1006 of those (96.3%) had been used every night in the past week. 9.1% of the LLINs were used by more than three people.. Physical integrity measurements indicated that 97.0% of the LLINs were in a serviceable condition (pHI 0-642), while 3.0% were ‘too torn’ (pHI > 642). Functional Net survival was 93.4% (95%CI 91.7-94.8%). However, only 28% of the LLINs met the WHOPES ≥ 80% mortality criterion. Washing of LLINs was associated with a significant reduction in mosquito mortality. Median deltamethrin concentration was 0.12 g/kg netting material (6.7% of the original concentration at production).

CONCLUSIONS: LLIN survivorship and functional net survival in this setting was excellent, while only a minority of LLINs retained sufficient insecticidal activity after three years of usage. This study underlines the need for evaluation of real-life LLIN durability in field circumstances. LLIN washing should be avoided, as it lowers insecticide content and LLIN efficacy.

PMID:40234878 | DOI:10.1186/s12936-025-05346-1

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Apr 15;25(1):575. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05947-x.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The quality of marginal and internal adaptation plays a crucial role in the clinical longevity of pediatric crowns. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of restoration type (3D-printed, milled, and prefabricated) on the marginal and internal adaptation and absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) values of crowns for primary molar teeth.

METHODS: Three restoration groups were created: 3D-printed resin, milled resin-matrix ceramic, and prefabricated zirconia crowns (n = 10 per group). A typodont tooth was prepared according to the guidelines for prefabricated zirconia crowns and scanned to design restorations. 3D-printed and milled crowns were fabricated from the same design. All crowns were cemented on standardized 3D-printed resin dies with self-adhesive resin cement. Marginal and internal adaptation and AMD values were evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at multiple measurement points. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: The restoration type significantly influenced the marginal and internal gap and AMD values (P < 0.05). The prefabricated crown group exhibited the highest marginal gap (233.5 ± 33.4 μm) and internal gap (538.6 ± 47.4 μm). The 3D-printed group showed the highest AMD value (299.5 ± 70.2 μm). The milled group demonstrated the lowest gap values, which remained within clinically acceptable limits.

CONCLUSIONS: Prefabricated zirconia crowns displayed the highest marginal and internal gaps, whereas milled crowns exhibited the most favorable adaptation values within clinically acceptable limits. Given their superior adaptation, CAD-CAM-produced restorations may be a recommendable alternative for pediatric patients.

PMID:40234877 | DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-05947-x

Radiat Oncol. 2025 Apr 15;20(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s13014-025-02630-x.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Although partial breast irradiation (PBI) is accepted as an effective and cosmesis-preserving technique for low-risk early-stage breast cancer following standard lumpectomy, data supporting PBI following oncoplastic surgery are sparse. We report prospective data in efforts to determine whether PBI can be safely utilized after oncoplastic surgery.

METHODS: Patients with low-risk stage 0-1 breast cancer following successful lumpectomy with optional oncoplastic reconstruction were enrolled on a phase II trial. Patients were treated with a modified Florence regimen to 30 Gy in 5 fractions on the Varian Edge radiosurgery system using IMRT or VMAT. Presurgical MRI, post-operative seroma and surgical clips were used to assist target delineation. The effect of oncoplastic surgery on radiation dosimetry and Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale scores were assessed using student’s t-test for continuous variables and chi-square for categorical variables.

RESULTS: From 2018 to 2022, 50 patients with 52 tumors were enrolled with 48% undergoing oncoplastic reconstruction. Although median PTV volumes were numerically larger in the oncoplastic group (266 cc vs. 223 cc), there were no statistically significant differences in PTV volumes, ratio of PTV to whole breast or mean heart or lung doses (p > 0.05). Mean baseline BCTOS aesthetic scores were 1.35 for standard lumpectomy vs. 2.52 for oncoplastic (p = 0.003). At long-term follow-up > 2 years, mean BCTOS aesthetic scores were 1.29 for standard lumpectomy vs. 1.35 for oncoplastic (p = 0.71). At a median follow-up of 46 months, there were no local recurrences.

CONCLUSIONS: When utilizing pre-treatment MRI, surgical clips and a relatively large PTV, PBI after oncoplastic surgery was safe and effective for appropriately selected patients. In combination with oncoplastic surgery, partial breast irradiation achieves excellent long-term cosmesis that improves over time.

PMID:40234874 | DOI:10.1186/s13014-025-02630-x

Chaos. 2025 Apr 1;35(4):043132. doi: 10.1063/5.0252938.

ABSTRACT

We use the minimum description length (MDL) principle, which is an information-theoretic criterion for model selection, to determine echo-state network readout subsets. We find that this method of MDL subset selection improves accuracy when forecasting the Lorenz, Rössler, and Thomas attractors. It also improves the performance benefit that occurs when higher-order terms are included in the readout layer. We provide an explanation for these improvements in terms of decreased linear dependence and improved consistency.

PMID:40233402 | DOI:10.1063/5.0252938

Chaos. 2025 Apr 1;35(4):043134. doi: 10.1063/5.0244816.

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we illustrate the innovative techniques to explore the dynamical properties of the hybrid complex systems by various parameters and demonstrate the clusters under the chaotic-condensation peculiarities to accentuate the different technological challenges in the modern world. The complex dynamic characteristics of the contemplated systems are explored with interferometry techniques, which play key roles in examining the consequences of intricate features to interpreting the dynamics of an assemblage that possesses the ability to traverse along dependable tracks of particles, and thus, the solutions within the framework of quantum perturbation for partially chaotic structures are explored with substantial peculiar outcomes in the expanding active matter systems. Correlation graphs with chaotic parameters illustrate the significance of coherent stochastic generation for quasi-granular systems at finite momenta that possess sufficient fractions of instability fluxes. The distribution of temperature profiles is demonstrated by employing specific techniques to account for the different asymmetries and distinct formulas that characterize the structure of the dynamical system using realistic interference methods. The analytical solution contained distinctive information about the response of chaotic and probabilistic droplets within the multiplicities throughout hot and cold particulates, which are triggered by an influenced time crossover phase that occurs continually under the emissions of various sources that proliferate. Our results indicate that the newly developed phase encompasses the partially coherent collection of active matter with the temperature, which probes the rapidity of its transformation, and such phases exhibit significant mutual relationships. The findings accentuate the significance of contemplating correlations and bestowing extraordinary farsightedness about the meticulous manifestation of complex systems. The current methods are unique in obtaining new forms of solutions that appear beneficial for researchers to further understand nonlinear dynamical problems. The acquired techniques are also applicable to examine the solutions of other types of chaotic systems with mathematical analysis through machine learning.

PMID:40233401 | DOI:10.1063/5.0244816