Nevin Manimala

J Sports Sci. 2025 Dec 1:1-13. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2025.2595402. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the physical and physiological demands of intercounty Camogie match-play between competitions. Data was collected across a two-year period, using global positioning systems (10-Hz) and heart rate monitors (2.4-GHz). There were statistically significant increases between competitions in total distance (TD) (p < 0.05), Relative Distance (RD) (p < 0.05), HRmax (p < 0.01), HRmean (p < 0.01), number of High-Speed Running (HSR), (p < 0.05) between competitions. There were also significant increases between competitions in very high-speed running (VHSR) (p < 0.05), sprinting (p < 0.02) between the National League (NL) and All-Ireland Championship (AIC). From a positional difference, half-forwards covered a significantly greater RD (p < 0.02) than full forwards during the NL (p < 0.02). Midfielders covered a significantly greater TD than full backs (p < 0.01) and full forwards (p < 0.05) during the AIC. Midfielders covered a significantly greater HSR distance than full-backs (p < 0.02) and half backs during the AIC (p < 0.05). Midfielders covered a significantly greater number of sprints than full backs during the AIC (p < 0.02). The findings provide distinct physical and physiological values of the between competition demands of intercounty Camogie match-play.

PMID:41321120 | DOI:10.1080/02640414.2025.2595402

Anal Methods. 2025 Dec 1. doi: 10.1039/d5ay01750e. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

A quick and simple fabrication process of a paper-based device using 3D printing of a polylactic acid polymer as an industrially compostable hydrophobic barrier was developed and applied to determine tin(IV) in canned fruit samples with sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan Linn.) extract. The analysis protocol is based on the complexation of tin(IV) with brazilein from sappan wood extract. Under optimal conditions, a standard curve was obtained with a linear equation y = 7.5322x + 3.4933 and coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9959. The intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 2.5 (n = 8) and 5.2 (n = 9)% relative standard deviations, respectively for different fruit matrices containing more than 58.5 µg g^-1 of tin. The detection limit was 1 mg L^-1. The accuracy of the method was validated using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis indicated no difference (p > 0.05) between the two methods. Greenness of the developed method was evaluated using the Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) software assessment tool.

PMID:41321110 | DOI:10.1039/d5ay01750e

Pediatr Dermatol. 2025 Dec 1. doi: 10.1111/pde.70060. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is a rare, noninfectious eosinophilic inflammatory disease that manifests with papulopustular lesions. Although EPF is not a severe skin disorder, it is recurring and causes uncomfortable symptoms, such as itching, that impact the patient’s quality of life.

METHODS: The Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for studies on children with EPF up to May 2025. The study was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A restricted maximum likelihood (REML) random-effects model was performed for all endpoints to synthesize results with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Cochran’s Q test and I² were used to assess heterogeneity. R version 4.2.2 was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: 52 studies comprising 136 patients with EPF were included. The analysis showed a mean age of 11.16 months (95% CI: 5.11-17.22) and a male predominance of 80.58% (95% CI: 71.60-88.20). Scalp lesions were the most common site with a rate of 92.10% (95% CI: 71.25-100.00). The most common treatment included topical hydrocortisone at 1.48% (95% CI: 0.00-8.51), corticoid not identified (NI) at 2.00% (95% CI: 0.00-9.42), and others at 6.17% (95% CI: 0.00-24.16).

CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that EPF in childhood primarily affects male patients, with patient ages ranging from 0.03 to 192 months. The lesion’s most frequent location is the scalp. Corticosteroids were identified as the primary treatment strategy.

PMID:41321086 | DOI:10.1111/pde.70060

CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol. 2025 Nov 30. doi: 10.1002/psp4.70156. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

A twice-daily administration of oral selumetinib (SLT) in the fasted state is the only approved pharmaceutical option for treating inoperable neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1) and plexiform neurofibromas (PN). In children, exposure to SLT is highly variable, and fasting presents a substantial burden. Therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic modeling can support individualized therapy accompanied by a more rational alimentary routine. Twenty-eight children diagnosed with inoperable NF-1 or PN were recruited at a major pediatric oncological center. Twenty-two patients donated 156 blood samples in steady state for nonparametric population pharmacokinetic modeling. An equation was developed experimentally for estimating model error. Eleven three-compartment models were compared in terms of statistical performance. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to validate a limited external model using six additional patients and to compare the trough-to-peak SLT concentration ratios simulated for various dosing regimens to develop better control over exposure. A pharmacokinetic model that included total body weight as a covariate provided the best fit between predicted and observed concentrations (r = 0.994) and the best performance statistics. In the first Monte Carlo simulation, measured concentrations fell within the 0.01%-95% (median: 19.7%) quantiles of the simulated ranges. The second simulation revealed that 6-h (q6h), 8-h (q8h), and 12-h (q12h) dosing intervals would yield comparable trough-to-peak concentration ratios, with medians of 0.126 (range: 0.001-0.335), 0.104 (0.000-0.306), and 0.065 (0.000-0.279), respectively. The nonparametric population model provides efficient priors for making individual predictions of SLT concentrations. The simulation did not reveal any disadvantages of q6h or q8h dosing.

PMID:41321074 | DOI:10.1002/psp4.70156

Emerg Med Australas. 2025 Dec;37(6):e70184. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.70184.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Child Life Therapists (CLT) are healthcare professionals who support children in hospital by engaging, educating and empowering them. With a high rate of procedures, the Emergency Department (ED) would seem an ideal site for CLT; however literature is limited regarding their utility. In 2024, the ED of The Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH), Melbourne commenced an integrated, extended hours CLT service. This study outlines the patient demographics, support provided by CLT and presents feedback on the effectiveness of CLT from caregivers, children and clinicians.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review in 2024 included all CLT referrals over 6 months, describing patient characteristics, CLT interventions and reported CLT effectiveness. Prospective surveys of a convenience sample of carers, children and clinicians determined the effect of CLT on the procedure, net promoter scores and satisfaction scores. Hospital ethics approval was obtained (Reference number: 3915).

RESULTS: CLT assisted 1130 patients. Median age was 5 years (IQR 3-8 years). Seventeen percent were neurodiverse or had developmental delays. Sixty-six percent were admitted to hospital. Two-thirds required support for procedures-mainly blood tests via venepuncture and finger pricks (64.4%). One hundred and eighty-five caregivers, 58 patients and 58 clinicians responded: feedback indicated that CLT eased procedures, reduced distress, worry and pain. Clinicians reported increased procedural speed and efficiency and reduced use of sedation and restraint.

CONCLUSION: Child Life Therapy enhances patient care whilst improving clinical workflow. Stakeholders indicate that CLT reduces distress, pain and worry for children and may reduce the need for sedation and restraint.

PMID:41321071 | DOI:10.1111/1742-6723.70184

Neurol Res. 2025 Nov 30:1-10. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2025.2597833. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Large vessel occlusions (LVOs) in ischemic stroke represent a critical challenge, particularly in the peri-procedural setting of cardiovascular procedures (CVPs). Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a well-established treatment for LVOs; however, its outcomes in patients following recent CVPs remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE: This multicenter retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of MT in patients with ischemic stroke occurring within 30 days of CVPs.

METHODS: We analyzed data from four centers, including patients aged ≥18 years who underwent MT for LVO within 30 days of CVPs. CVPs included both surgical (e.g. CABG, valve replacement) and minimally invasive procedures (e.g. TAVR, PCI). Baseline characteristics, procedural metrics, and outcomes, including NIHSS and mRS scores, were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using R software.

RESULTS: Of 8,947 screened stroke patients, 27 met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 69 years (IQR 60-83), and 56% were male. Anterior circulation occlusions were present in 93% of cases, with a median baseline NIHSS score of 18 (IQR 14-21). Successful reperfusion (TICI ≥2b) was achieved in 85% of cases, with a median of one thrombectomy pass. At 90 days, 30% of patients achieved functional independence (mRS 0-2), while the mortality rate was 44%. Procedural complications were rare (3.7%).

CONCLUSION: MT in patients with peri-procedural LVO after CVPs demonstrates success but poor functional recovery compared with baseline. These findings highlight the need for prospective studies to identify patients who may benefit most from MT in this high-risk population.

PMID:41320809 | DOI:10.1080/01616412.2025.2597833

Ann Med. 2025 Dec;57(1):2594355. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2594355. Epub 2025 Nov 30.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Statins reduce cardiovascular risk but may increase new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (NO-T2DM). Ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, is often added to statins to improve lipid control, yet its impact on NO-T2DM remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluated moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe dual therapy versus high-intensity statin monotherapy for NO-T2DM risk.

METHODS: Five databases were searched to identify eligible studies. Random-effects meta-analyses generated pooled relative risks (RR) quantifying the effect of ezetimibe plus moderate-intensity statins on NO-T2DM. The Attributable Risk Fraction (ARF) was quantified utilizing the pooled estimate.

RESULTS: Ten observational studies and four clinical trials were included. In four cohort studies, ezetimibe plus moderate-intensity statin compared to high-intensity statin monotherapy was significantly linked to 18% reduced risk of NO-T2DM (pooled RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77-0.87; I2 = 0.0%; p < 0.001). In three methodologically similar studies, compared to moderate-intensity statin monotherapy, adding ezetimibe to moderate-intensity statin dual therapy showed non-statistically (p > 0.05) significant 4% increased risk of NO-T2DM development (pooled RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.94-1.14, I2= 0.0%). Compared with patients receiving high-intensity statin therapy, 22% of NO-T2DM cases could potentially be averted with dual therapy (moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe). In four studies involving 5,072 patients on high-intensity statins who developed NO-T2DM, 1,115 patients (812-1,420) could have been prevented with ezetimibe plus moderate-intensity statin dual therapy.

CONCLUSION: Incorporating ezetimibe with moderate-intensity statins, rather than relying solely on high-intensity statins, may reduce the risk of NO-T2DM in patients with dyslipidemia and elevated cardiovascular disease risk.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024518630.

PMID:41320800 | DOI:10.1080/07853890.2025.2594355

Pediatr Transplant. 2025 Dec;29(8):e70239. doi: 10.1111/petr.70239.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become an essential curative strategy for various malignant and non-malignant pediatric diseases. However, HSCT recipients remain highly vulnerable to complications, often requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Identifying key risk factors and predictors of mortality is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric HSCT patients requiring PICU admission, focusing on organ failure, respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunction, and the impact of supportive therapies.

METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study included pediatric HSCT recipients admitted to a tertiary PICU between August 2019 and October 2023. Patients with PICU stays shorter than 24 h were excluded. Clinical and demographic characteristics, HSCT-related parameters, PICU admission criteria, and patient outcomes were analyzed. Logistic regression models were applied to identify independent risk factors associated with mortality.

RESULTS: Among 40 HSCT recipients requiring PICU admission, the overall mortality rate was 80%, exceeding previously reported rates. Sepsis, respiratory failure, and multiple organ dysfunction were the primary reasons for admission. Elevated PELOD scores were strong predictors of mortality. All patients requiring mechanical ventilation, inotropic support, or renal replacement therapy died (p < 0.001), whereas all patients managed with non-invasive ventilation survived, underscoring the importance of early and appropriate respiratory support.

CONCLUSION: Organ failure significantly impacts mortality in pediatric HSCT recipients, emphasizing the need for early intervention and proactive monitoring. Structured post-HSCT surveillance, particularly for patients with prior PICU admissions, is critical for identifying early signs of organ dysfunction and optimizing intensive care management.

PMID:41320799 | DOI:10.1111/petr.70239

Addiction. 2025 Nov 30. doi: 10.1111/add.70262. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To evaluate changes in community consumption and wholesales of alcohol before and after alcohol restrictions were implemented in 2023, aimed at reducing alcohol-related crime and violence.

DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study.

SETTING: Alice Springs, a regional town in the Northern Territory, Australia, from December 2019 to February 2024.

PARTICIPANTS: The population of Alice Springs serviced by the wastewater treatment plant catchment, and wholesales data for Alice Springs.

MEASUREMENTS: Community consumption of alcohol was measured by analysing a biomarker of alcohol consumption in wastewater before and after the alcohol restrictions were implemented. Quarterly alcohol wholesales for the region were also modelled.

FINDINGS: After the restrictions, alcohol consumption in Alice Springs immediately decreased, with an average 26% decrease over 12 months [95% confidence interval (CI) = -31 to -22%]. No statistically significant difference in trend slope was observed. The largest decreases in alcohol consumption were for Mondays and Tuesdays, when takeaway alcohol sales were not allowed. Total alcohol wholesales decreased by 17% (95% CI = -31 to -22%), with greatest meaningful declines of 44% for the sales of spirits (95% CI = -50 to -36%).

CONCLUSIONS: After the implementation of the 2023 restrictions on alcohol sales in the Northern Territory, Australia, wastewater-based estimates of alcohol consumption in Alice Springs were statistically significantly reduced by 26% and this was sustained for one year until the end of the data series in 2024. Total alcohol wholesales were also reduced, with differences observed by beverage type.

PMID:41320787 | DOI:10.1111/add.70262

Malar J. 2025 Dec 1;24(1):434. doi: 10.1186/s12936-025-05676-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Timely malaria care-seeking and treatment is crucial to prevent severe illness and reduce onward transmission. This study assessed the reported time to care-seeking and identified its associated factors among febrile patients attending community-based malaria facilities in Myanmar and Thailand.

METHODS: Longitudinal data were collected from febrile patients suspected of malaria who sought care through Village Health Volunteers in Myanmar (December 2017-June 2021) and at malaria clinics and posts in Thailand (January 2018-June 2024). Standardized case record forms in local languages were used at diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and multivariable log-logistic Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) models were used to estimate Time Ratios (TRs).

RESULTS: In Myanmar (n = 2,960), the reported mean fever duration at diagnosis was 1.8 days (SD: 1.3). Longer time to care-seeking was associated with Shan ethnicity (TR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.41-1.55), other ethnicities (TR: 1.24; 95% CI 1.08-1.41), farmers (TR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.0-1.25), uncertain malaria history (TR: 1.26; 95% CI 1.09-1.47), and diagnosis with Plasmodium falciparum (TR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.02-1.19) or Plasmodium vivax (TR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.13-1.34). Shorter delays were associated with daily bed net use and diagnosis during the third or fourth quarters of the year. In Thailand (n = 15,576), the reported mean fever duration was 2.9 days (SD: 1.8). Longer delays were linked to farmers (TR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.11), pre- or primary education (TR: 1.02; 95% CI 1.00-1.04), uncertain malaria history (TR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.06-1.14), diagnosis with P. falciparum (TR: 1.27; 95% CI 1.09-1.46), P. vivax (TR: 1.20; 95% CI 1.17-1.23), or other malaria species (TR: 1.32; 95% CI 1.12-1.56), and diagnosis during the third (TR: 1.03; 95% CI 1.00-1.05) or fourth quarters of the year (TR: 1.06; 95% CI 1.04-1.09). Shorter care-seeking times were observed among non-agricultural occupations such as merchants and monks, individuals with prior malaria episodes, and occasional or daily bed net users.

CONCLUSIONS: Delays in malaria care-seeking remain common in both Myanmar and Thailand. The identified risk factors, including ethnicity, occupation, malaria history, and preventive behaviours, should be considered in the design of targeted interventions to promote timely care-seeking in malaria-endemic settings.

PMID:41320780 | DOI:10.1186/s12936-025-05676-0