Nevin Manimala

Ann Surg. 2025 Jan 15. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000006631. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of parathyroid gland autotransplantation on the restoration of parathyroid function in patients who are hypoparathyroid after thyroidectomy.

BACKGROUND DATA: Hypoparathyroidism post-thyroidectomy arises when all parathyroid glands are devascularized or injured. Autotransplantation of compromised parathyroids aims to preserve their function and prevent permanent hypoparathyroidism. Despite routine use, comprehensive evidence on the efficacy of parathyroid autotransplantation remains limited.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 549 patients who underwent total or completion thyroidectomy from December 2015 to June 2023. Surgical outcomes of patients with and without parathyroid autotransplantation were compared. A subgroup analysis included patients with post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels below 10 units. Statistical analyses included the Chi-squared test and multivariable analysis.

RESULTS: Of the 549 patients, 152 (27.7%) had parathyroid autotransplantation and 397 (72.3%) did not. The groups were similar in demographics and underlying thyroid etiologies. No significant difference was found in intraoperative parathyroid identification rates (P=0.25). Postoperatively, autotransplanted patients had a higher incidence of transient symptomatic hypocalcemia at 2 weeks (38.0% vs. 19.3%, P<0.001). Multivariable regression showed a higher frequency of postoperative transient hypocalcemia with autotransplantation (IRR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.42-2.54, P<0.001). Among patients with PACU PTH<10 units, recovery rates of parathyroid function were similar between treatment groups (82.2% vs. 82.5%, P=0.46). Long-term follow-up showed comparable low incidence of parathyroid insufficiency in both groups (5.3% vs. 3.8%, P=0.46).

CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroid autotransplantation does not enhance recovery in hypoparathyroid patient’s post-thyroidectomy and does not significantly alter outcomes among patients with PACU PTH<10 .

PMID:39811957 | DOI:10.1097/SLA.0000000000006631

Pathog Glob Health. 2025 Jan 15:1-2. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2025.2453698. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39811948 | DOI:10.1080/20477724.2025.2453698

J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Jan 15;73(2):1694-1702. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09288. Epub 2024 Dec 30.

ABSTRACT

This study has developed a pressure sensor array based on four functionalized DNA-nanoenzymes with catalase-like activity for multiple detections of foodborne pathogens through a portable pressure manometer. Benefiting from functionalization of 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid and β-mercaptoethylamine, the diversity of nonspecific interactions between four DNA-nanoenzymes and each of the nine bacteria leads to differences in pressure response patterns by catalyzing H₂O₂ to generate exclusive “fingerprints”. As effective statistical tools for processing multivariate data, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis are employed to identify nine foodborne pathogens by analyzing pressure response patterns. Furthermore, the as-prepared sensor array can discriminate different mixtures of bacteria and achieve quantitative detection, with an average detection limit of 10² and 10⁴ CFU mL^-1 for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, demonstrating its desirable practicality and satisfactory accuracy for real sample detection. This study expands insights into multiple analyses of foodborne pathogens for food safety monitoring.

PMID:39811932 | DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09288

Cancer Med. 2025 Jan;14(2):e70606. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70606.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study investigated and compared the impact of financial toxicity (FT) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and financial well-being of cancer patients and survivors in the United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US).

METHODS: UK & US participants (n = 600) completed an online questionnaire that consisted of a validated FT instrument (COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity-COST), a standardised HRQoL instrument (EQ-5D-5L) and questions related to their financial well-being. Tobit regression models and descriptive statistics plus χ² tests were used to analyse the association between FT and (i) HRQoL whilst controlling for sociodemographic characteristics; and (ii) financial well-being.

RESULTS: In the UK, health utilities of participants with no assessed experience of FT, mild FT, and moderate/severe FT were 0.81, 0.66, and 0.41, respectively, compared to 0.88, 0.71, and 0.53 in the US. Among those with moderate/severe FT, US participants had significantly higher health utilities compared to their peers in the UK (Mann Whitney test, p = 0.0369). In a pooled analysis of UK and US and after controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, mild and moderate/severe FT was negatively associated with health utilities (β coff = -0.13, 95% CI: -0.18, -0.08 and β coff = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.21, respectively). Over half (54%) of US participants with FT were in debt with median (IQR) debt at I$11,500 (23,000), compared to 32% in the UK with median (IQR) debt at I$ 7200 (12,960). US participants with FT were 2.48 times more likely to be in debt than UK participants with FT (OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.46-4.21).

CONCLUSIONS: FT is associated with poorer financial well-being and HRQoL among cancer patients/survivors in the US and UK. The impact of FT on financial well-being is larger in the US while the impact on HRQoL is worse in the UK. Further studies using prospective data are required to investigate the nature and extent of these relationships.

PMID:39811923 | DOI:10.1002/cam4.70606

Integr Cancer Ther. 2025 Jan-Dec;24:15347354251313534. doi: 10.1177/15347354251313534.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adherence in rehabilitation services includes attending appointments, regularly performing prescribed exercises, and correct exercise execution. The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) has been adapted into several languages, but there is lack of a standardized tool for various Indian languages and cultural contexts, particularly for use with cancer survivors. With the anticipated 57.7% rise in cancer cases by 2040, this study aims to address this gap.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To cross-culturally adapt EARS to Kannada (EARS-Kn) and evaluate its validity and reliability amongst HNC survivors enrolled in the Multimodal Oncology Rehabilitation Exercise-MORE^© Program.

METHODOLOGY: Following Beaton guidelines, the EARS tool was adapted to Kannada. 34 HNC survivors engaged in the MORE^© program. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s ⍺) and construct validity (Exploratory Factor Analysis, EFA) were assessed. The Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) determined cut-off scores, sensitivity and specificity of the EARS-Kn.

RESULTS: The EARS-Kn demonstrated a Cronbach’s-⍺ value of .93. The EFA revealed a one-factor solution with eigenvalues exceeding one and 70.1% loading. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.908. A cut-off score of 17 was established, with 95.83% sensitivity and 80% specificity.

CONCLUSION: The EARS-Kn version showed strong validity and reliability among Kannada-speaking HNC survivors, indicating its potential to enhance the understanding of exercise adherence among them. Future studies could explore the EARS-Kn version among diverse populations prescribed various rehabilitation regimes. Studies could also further investigate psychometric properties of the EARS in different Indian languages among cancer survivors, which would help improve survivorship outcomes.

PMID:39811882 | DOI:10.1177/15347354251313534

Curr Med Res Opin. 2025 Jan 15:1-17. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2442515. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the demographic/clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and mortality among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during Omicron predominance by immunocompromised and high-risk status.

METHODS: Retrospective observational study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between January 1, 2022 and November 30, 2022, using data from the Optum de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database. Patient demographic/clinical characteristics, treatments, mortality and costs, were assessed, during the emergence of BA.1 BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.75, BQ.1, XBB Omicron viral subvariants.

RESULTS: Overall, 43,123 patients were included, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 75.5 (12.4) years, 51.8% were female. Immunocompromised patients accounted for 36% of hospitalized patients while only 5.8% received any outpatient COVID-19 treatment within 30 days of hospital admission. The mean (SD) hospital length of stay was 7.9 (7.5) days with 15.5% mortality within 30 days of admission. Mean (SD) hospital costs were $33,975 ($26,392), and 30-day all-cause readmission was 15.1%. Patients with immunocompromised status and those with a higher number of high-risk conditions proceeded to have an elevated proportion of hospital readmissions and mortality within 30 days. Moreover, a higher proportion of mortality was observed during the BA.1 period (20.1%) relative to other variant periods (11.0%).

CONCLUSION: COVID-19 imposed a large healthcare burden, particularly among immunocompromised patients and those with underlying high-risk conditions during Omicron period. Low utilization of outpatient COVID-19 treatments was observed in these high-risk populations eligible for treatment. Continued surveillance and research regarding COVID-19 variants and the impact of outpatient treatment options on high-risk patients is crucial to inform and guide public health action.

PMID:39811881 | DOI:10.1080/03007995.2024.2442515

Integr Cancer Ther. 2025 Jan-Dec;24:15347354241313048. doi: 10.1177/15347354241313048.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Balance problems arising from cancer and its treatments can significantly impact daily functionality and quality of life. Improving balance as part of a cancer treatment plan could result in better patient outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether an integrative therapeutic yoga intervention can improve balance in a heterogenous population of cancer survivors (CS).

METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data from a 16-week feasibility study where therapeutic yoga was supplemented with psychosocial support to maximize health-related quality of life in adult CS of any stage and site. In this study, we investigated balance, as it has been shown to be an important outcome in CS due to its role in physical function and quality of life. The intervention included therapeutic yoga three times per week for 16 weeks and daily psychosocial support provided via text message. Participants’ balance was assessed while standing on a pressure mat with feet together, eyes opened and closed, for 30 seconds in each condition. Data on the “sway path distance” (displacement of the center of gravity) in the two conditions were obtained. Changes in balance after the intervention (from baseline to follow-up) were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests. Changes in balance were also assessed using responder analysis. We described the proportion of participants that improved their balance or not based on 10% difference from baseline scores.

RESULTS: Of the 29 participants included, 22 (76%) completed post-assessments. Changes in both balance assessment conditions were not statistically significant (eyes opened: 80.06 ± 374.99, p = .702; eyes closed: -1.82 ± 24.01, p = .068). Responder analysis showed that 8 participants improved their balance with eyes opened, while 8 worsened, and 6 did not change. Analysis of balance with eyes closed showed that 5 improved, 8 worsened, and 9 did not change.

CONCLUSION: This secondary analysis of data from a heterogenous cohort of adult CS did not support our hypothesis at the group level. However, at the individual level, responder analysis indicated improved balance in some survivors. Future research is needed to determine factors related to the cancer experience which might mediate balance outcomes to inform better integrative interventions.

PMID:39811878 | DOI:10.1177/15347354241313048

J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Nov 29;13:447. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1067_23. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a mental condition caused by chronic emotional or psychological stress. Organizational commitment is always an important issue in the field of organizational development of clinical nurses. The study aimed to assess the association between organizational commitment, work environment, and burnout in clinical nurses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a correlational descriptive study that was conducted from November 2021 to January 2021 on 456 clinical nurses at the Hazrat Rasul Akram University Hospital in Iran. The convenience sampling method was used. Data were collected using socio-demographic and work-related data collection sheet, the Working Environment Scale (WES-10), the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.

RESULTS: The overall results showed that the mean score of organizational commitment was 29.87 ± 8.19, the mean score of burnout was 91.98 ± 17.40, and the mean score of work environment satisfaction was 24.62 ± 7.53. There were negative and significant relationships between organizational commitment with burnout (r = -0.324, P < 0.001) and work environment satisfaction (r = -0.440, P < 0.001). Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between work environment satisfaction with burnout (r = 0.386, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: The nursing profession is widely recognized as one of the most stressful professions, often characterized by high rates of staff turnover, absenteeism, and burnout. The result of this study highlights the importance of positive work conditions for ensuring the commitment and well-being of clinical nurses.

PMID:39811874 | PMC:PMC11731336 | DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1067_23

J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Nov 29;13:442. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1301_23. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Learning and studying approaches are among the topics of great importance in medical sciences universities. Different approaches to learning can explain why some students learn better than others. This study aims to assess the relationship between learning or thinking styles and academic performance among nursing and medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study that was conducted on 364 nursing and medical students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2022-2023. The tools used in the present study are as follows: the short version of the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students, the Sternberg-Wagner Thinking Styles Inventory, the Academic Performance Index including the semester grade point average and the overall grade point average. Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation were employed for data analysis. Moreover, inferential statistics such as normality or correlation coefficient, independent sample t-test, and regression analysis were used to determine the predictor coefficients.

RESULTS: A positive and significant correlation was found between nursing and medical students’ thinking or learning styles and their academic performance (P < 0.001). In addition, the two groups showed a statistically significant difference between learning styles with respect to gender (P < 0.001) and thinking styles (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Since the strategic approach is a predictor of academic performance, identifying and determining the types of approaches adopted by students using diagnostic evaluation is a method of evaluating students’ learning styles at the beginning of the educational process so that teachers can tailor the most effective approach and instructional strategies that suit the needs of students and improve academic performance.

PMID:39811873 | PMC:PMC11731330 | DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1301_23

J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Nov 29;13:420. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1370_23. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pre-hospital emergency medical services (PHEMS) training system is an integral part of the health system of any country. Therefore, knowing the status of graduates of this field can provide a new analysis for the policymakers of the National Health System. The purpose of this study was to analyze the status of PHEMS graduates in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present survey research was conducted with the participation of 437 pre-hospital emergency medicine graduates of Iranian medical science universities in spring and summer of 2022. Sampling in this study was convenience. The documents of the National Organization of Educational Testing were used as well. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS25 software using descriptive statistics and analytical statistics.

RESULTS: Among the graduates, the largest number (41.5%) was reported to be in the associate degree. According to the emergency system structure in Iran, graduates were employed in operational, communication, and headquarters areas, respectively, of which 76.8% were working in government centers. Most of the graduates were from the medical sciences universities of Zone 2 (35.6%) in the eastern area of Iran, while most of the workers were related to the medical sciences universities of Zone 1 (27.9%) in the capital region.

CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed that the distribution of EMS graduates was not proportional to the distribution of the population and geographical area. Therefore, it is suggested that the policymakers of the country’s health system should make changes in the recruitment of students in each medical zone.

PMID:39811868 | PMC:PMC11731247 | DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1370_23