Nevin Manimala

J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Mar 12:S1499-4046(26)00031-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.01.016. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: An evaluation of a team-based pilot program with food vouchers.

DESIGN: Single-arm prepost mixed-method study.

SETTING: Two safety-net primary care clinics in San Francisco.

PARTICIPANTS: Black/African American and/or Hispanic/Latinx patients with uncontrolled diabetes (hemoglobin A1c >8%).

INTERVENTION(S): Six-month program including pharmacist and nutritionist visits, transportation assistance, and smoking cessation resources, plus $160 per month of grocery and produce vouchers.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Glycemic control and blood pressure. Secondary outcomes included qualitative insights into program benefits.

ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were used for patient characteristics, voucher use, and program satisfaction. Clinical outcomes used McNemar’s tests for paired categorical variables and paired t tests for continuous variables. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed with deductive coding.

RESULTS: A total of 45 participants redeemed 68.7% of vouchers. Uncontrolled hypertension (≥ 140/90 mmHg) decreased significantly from 45.9% to 21.6% (P = 0.007, n = 41). There was no statistically significant change in mean hemoglobin A1c from baseline to program end (10.1% vs 9.7%; P = 0.17). Mean low-density and body mass index were not significantly different. Major themes from interviews include changes in health behaviors, improved relationships with food, and strengthened engagement with team-based care.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Combining vouchers and team-based care may be an avenue to improve care for patients with diabetes. Further investigation of this program model through a larger and rigorously designed study is needed for conclusive findings on this approach.

PMID:41817481 | DOI:10.1016/j.jneb.2026.01.016

J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Mar 11:S1499-4046(26)00005-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.01.006. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Preschool Education in Applied Sciences (PEAS) intervention, a multicomponent intervention designed to improve teachers’ science teaching self-efficacy and enhance children’s fruit and vegetable consumption, science knowledge, and language development.

DESIGN: A 2-group (comparison/delayed intervention) quasi-experimental design was employed. Teachers completed baseline, formative, and postintervention surveys. Intervention teachers also completed a postintervention interview. Child outcomes were assessed at 3 timepoints (baseline, preintervention, and postintervention) using validated measures.

SETTING: Thirteen Head Start centers in central North Carolina.

PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-four teachers (n = 44 intervention; n = 50 comparison) and 330 English-speaking children aged 3-5 years (n = 140 intervention; n = 190 comparison), based on power analysis estimates.

INTERVENTION: Components included a 1-day Kick-Starter Workshop, 6 eLearning modules, PEAS teaching guide featuring 12 classroom activities, and center-based implementation supports including individualized coaching, peer learning communities, and farm to early care and education resources.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Teacher outcomes included self-reported teaching self-efficacy. Child outcomes include fruit and vegetable consumption (skin carotenoids via Veggie Meter®), height/weight, science knowledge, and academic vocabulary.

ANALYSIS: Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and regression models. Qualitative data were analyzed phenomenologically.

PMID:41817479 | DOI:10.1016/j.jneb.2026.01.006

J Nutr Educ Behav. 2026 Mar 12:S1499-4046(26)00037-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2026.02.001. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether a nutrition and body image program improved healthy food consumption, physical activity, eating pathology, and psychosocial factors for women in recovery from substance use.

DESIGN: Secondary data, pretest-posttest.

SETTING: In-person intervention conducted in 6 substance use recovery centers.

PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred and seven adult women.

INTERVENTION: Ten-week, 90-minute weekly intervention led by trained instructors.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report demographics, drug-use history, general nutrition and health behaviors, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, eating pathology, binge eating, and intuitive eating. Researchers collected anthropometric/physiological measures.

ANALYSIS: Paired t tests using Cohen’s d tested the differences between pretest and posttest total scores on all outcome measures; univariate analysis of variance tests were used for pretest participant comparison.

RESULTS: Participants demonstrated statistically significant (P < 0.05) improvements in general nutrition, physical activity, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, eating pathology, binge eating, and intuitive eating behaviors compared with pretest, with effect sizes ranging from small to large (d = 0.11-0.83). Participants also reported decreases in weight-related concerns.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Healthy eating and physical activity significantly increased, whereas thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating symptoms significantly decreased. Results support this program to augment existing substance use treatment to address nutrition, physical activity, body image, eating pathology, and weight-related issues in women.

PMID:41817478 | DOI:10.1016/j.jneb.2026.02.001

J Hand Surg Am. 2026 Mar 12:S0363-5023(26)00137-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2026.02.007. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

In this Hand Surgery Landscape review, we aim to discuss the history and future of the peer-review process within hand and upper-extremity surgery. In addition, this review will serve as a practical “how to” guide for reviewers by providing strategies and insights aimed at improving the quality of manuscript reviews. Prereview considerations, such as content, statistical expertise, bias, and potential conflicts of interest, will be addressed. Topics relative to each manuscript section will be presented including common methodological errors.

PMID:41817471 | DOI:10.1016/j.jhsa.2026.02.007

Eye Contact Lens. 2026 Mar 11. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000001263. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Orthokeratology (OK) has been recognized as an effective intervention for slowing myopia progression. However, its effects on the accommodative response and its role in myopia control remain controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the OK influence on accommodation.

METHODS: Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed were searched for studies published up to April, 2024. All eligible studies that compared OK with a neutral control and reported measurements related to accommodative response in myopic patients were included. The outcomes evaluated were accommodation lag (AL), positive relative accommodation, and accommodation amplitude (AA). The mean difference [MD] and 95% confidence interval were used for continuous outcomes. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. The analysis was performed using R software version 4.4.1.

RESULTS: A total of 14 studies comprising 1,404 patients met the inclusion criteria. Single vision spectacles was the control group in 12 articles, soft single vision contact lenses in one, and no intervention in one. The OK group showed a significant reduction in AL compared with control groups at 3 months follow-up (MD: -0.38D; confidence interval [CI]: -0.54 to -0.22D; P<0.00001; I2=0%). At 12 months, OK significantly increased AA compared with controls (MD: 0.64D; CI: 0.25 to 1.03D; P=0.001; I2=69%), which was not observed at 3 months (MD: 0.26D; CI: -0.16 to 0.70D; P=0.21; I2=80%). Positive relative accommodation did not differ significantly at 3 months (MD: -0.53D; CI: -1.08 to 0.02D; P=0.06; I2=83%).

CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrates that OK significantly reduces AL and, in the long-term, increases AA compared with controls. These findings suggest that OK does improve the accommodation response, which may contribute to one of the mechanisms underlying its effectiveness in slowing myopia progression.

PMID:41817443 | DOI:10.1097/ICL.0000000000001263

Cancer Control. 2026 Jan-Dec;33:10732748261435696. doi: 10.1177/10732748261435696. Epub 2026 Mar 12.

ABSTRACT

IntroductionCancer clinical trials do not always represent the real-world cancer population, as older adults and marginalized racial groups are often underrepresented. This study assessed patterns of enrollment of underrepresented patients and how trial and site factors may influence enrollment.MethodsThis retrospective, pooled cross-sectional study used de-identified data from ECOG-ACRIN (EA)-sponsored breast cancer therapeutic clinical trials from 2002-2020. Patient- and trial-level data were extracted from EA trials and ClinicalTrials.gov. Site-level data were from de-identified Landscape Assessment surveys voluntarily completed by National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program sites. Outcomes included the proportions of underrepresented patients enrolled on a trial. Fractional regression models evaluated associations between trial-level factors and enrollment proportions of underrepresented patients using adjusted means and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Weighted Kappa (Kw) statistics and corresponding 95% CI estimated the level of agreement between patient populations served by sites versus enrolled on a trial.ResultsOf 9,015 patients enrolled across 12 trials, 18% were aged ≥65 years old, 12% were Black, 15% were Medicare beneficiaries, and 15% were rural residents (unadjusted enrollment). Adjusted mean proportion enrollment of underrepresented patients was similar to unadjusted results. Over half of trials were randomized and 92% of studies had two or more drugs in the protocol, yet these did not appear to influence mean enrollment of underrepresented groups. Moderate levels of agreement were found between Black patients served versus enrolled (Kw 0.64; 95% CI 0.50-0.78), and low or no agreement for Medicare beneficiaries and patients aged ≥65 (Kw 0.18, 0.05-0.31; Kw 0.02, -0.06-0.11; respectively).ConclusionsEA-sponsored breast trials continue to enroll few individuals from underrepresented backgrounds. Trial design had a minimal impact on enrollment and patient populations sites served did not typically match the patients enrolled on trials. More research is needed to engage sites and test strategies for enrolling underrepresented patients.

PMID:41817416 | DOI:10.1177/10732748261435696

J Cell Biol. 2026 May 4;225(5):e202505190. doi: 10.1083/jcb.202505190. Epub 2026 Mar 12.

ABSTRACT

Tetraspanins are integral membrane proteins that play a crucial role in organizing and regulating cellular signaling by serving as scaffolds that compartmentalize receptors and other signaling molecules within membrane microdomains. Here, we report how the tetraspanin CD82 modulates the molecular organization and signaling of the EGF receptor (EGFR), a key molecule involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Combining multicolor super-resolution microscopy with advanced image reconstruction and analysis techniques, we demonstrate that CD82 selectively associates with EGFR, promotes receptor oligomerization, and acts as a regulator of ligand-independent receptor phosphorylation in a palmitoylation-dependent manner. Additionally, CD82 promotes a more compact molecular organization of EGFR, which correlates with altered endocytosis and downstream signaling outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of tetraspanins in the spatial and functional regulation of cell surface receptors, with implications for controlling aberrant signaling in disease and positions CD82 as a potential target for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating EGFR signaling by influencing receptor organization.

PMID:41817402 | DOI:10.1083/jcb.202505190

Immunotherapy. 2026 Mar 12:1-17. doi: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) represents one-quarter of cancers and carries morbidity and mortality. Although cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radical cystectomy improves survival, patients may be ineligible due to renal dysfunction or comorbidities. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), established in metastatic disease, are emerging as neoadjuvant options.

METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library identified clinical trials evaluating ICIs in MIUC. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Statistical analyses were performed in R software (version 4.4.1), with p < 0.05 considered significant.

RESULTS: Eleven studies comprising 573 patients (82.02% male) were included. The pooled pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 35% (95% CI: 31%-39%). Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and event-free survival (EFS) at 2 years were 85% (95% CI: 77%-90%), 78% (95% CI: 72%-83%), and 73% (95% CI: 66%-79%), respectively. Additionally, the incidence of grade ≥3 cardiovascular, hematological, and immune-related adverse events (AEs) was 3% (95% CI: 2%-6%), 16% (95% CI: 11%-23%), and 5% (95% CI: 3%-8%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant ICIs demonstrate favorable efficacy and acceptable safety in MIUC, particularly among cisplatin-ineligible patients. Randomized trials are needed to confirm long-term oncological outcomes and establish their role in curative treatment.

PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero identifier is CRD42025640278.

PMID:41816870 | DOI:10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128

J Med Screen. 2026 Mar 12:9691413261430309. doi: 10.1177/09691413261430309. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveEvidence is scarce about whether colorectal cancer screening can affect the quality of life of participants, particularly in terms of novel screening strategies in Eastern populations.MethodsFrom 2018 to 2021, the TARGET-C trial randomly allocated 19,373 participants to one of three screening strategies: (A) one-time colonoscopy; (B) annual faecal immunochemical test with positives referred for colonoscopy; and (C) annual risk-adapted screening with low-risk participants referred for faecal immunochemical test and high-risk participants referred for colonoscopy. Two rounds of follow-up after baseline screening were conducted over the 3-year period. Based on the TARGET-C, a EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire-based quality of life survey was administrated to the participants, and utility scores and related changes were used as the main outcomes.ResultsTaking by-strategy utility scores for participants before being screened at baseline as the comparators (n = 2921), the changes in utility scores after baseline screening were -0.008 (P < 0.050) for strategy A, 0.006 (P < 0.050) for strategy B and 0.000 (P > 0.050) for strategy C, and the overall difference in quality of life changes among the three strategies was significant (P < 0.001). Taking the same comparators as above, the changes in utility scores for participants in the second round of follow-up (n = 9201) were 0.011 (P < 0.050), 0.011 (P < 0.050) and 0.005 (P < 0.050), respectively, and the overall difference was neither clinically meaningful nor statistically significant (P = 0.113).ConclusionsNone of the three colorectal cancer screening strategies had a major effect on the participants’ quality of life over the 3 years. Within one round of screening, incorporating risk-adapted screening and/or faecal immunochemical test might offset the quality of life impact from colonoscopy screening.

PMID:41816867 | DOI:10.1177/09691413261430309

J Med Screen. 2026 Mar 12:9691413261429395. doi: 10.1177/09691413261429395. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BackgroundPhysically Disabled women face multiple barriers to cervical screening, contributing to lower uptake and increased health inequalities. Human papillomavirus self-sampling has been shown to increase screening participation in under-screened populations, but little is known about its acceptability for Disabled women.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 1493 UK-based participants who identified as having a physical disability, impairment, condition, or difference that makes cervical screening difficult or impossible. Participants completed questions on the acceptability of human papillomavirus self-sampling, attitudes and beliefs relating to self-sampling, and future screening preferences. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyse responses.ResultsMost participants reported that they would be able to carry out self-sampling themselves (63.3%) and would be willing for a healthcare professional to use a self-sampling kit on their behalf (59.1%). Many (70.5%) had concerns about not performing the test correctly. Around half (53.0%) would prefer self-sampling at home if offered a screening choice. Women who had never attended screening, or who had delayed/missed appointments, were significantly more likely to prefer self-sampling (odds ratios 13.11 and 5.25, respectively) than women who had always attended. Approximately a fifth of participants (18.7%) would prefer a non-speculum clinician-taken test.ConclusionHuman papillomavirus self-sampling was acceptable to many physically Disabled women and preferred over conventional screening, particularly among those who had delayed/missed screening or never attended. Implementation should include tailored accessible instructions to support human papillomavirus self-sampling, disability-informed clinical support, and consideration of non-speculum clinician-taken samples to ensure equitable access and reduce inequalities in cervical screening.

PMID:41816861 | DOI:10.1177/09691413261429395