Nevin Manimala

Psychooncology. 2025 Aug;34(8):e70258. doi: 10.1002/pon.70258.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study investigates psychosocial and lifestyle factors to improve survival outcomes in prostate cancer patients.

METHODS: From the UK Biobank cohort, 13,110 male prostate cancer subjects were analysed to examine the relationship between psychosocial and lifestyle factors and survival with a mean follow-up of 14.2 years from recruitment.

RESULTS: Participation in sports club or gym (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.74-0.91, p < 0.005), religious groups (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.94, p < 0.005) and other group activity (HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.97, p = 0.01) were associated with lower mortality risk in our analysis, after adjusting for age, deprivation and comorbidities, followed by. In contrast, neither the pub or social club nor the adult education class demonstrated a statistically significant survival benefit. A modest dose-response relationship between the number of social activities engaged in and mortality risk reduction is observed. There were no differential benefits in alcohol intake, while smoking demonstrated a graded risk increase in mortality (HR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.51-2.0, p < 0.005 in current smokers; HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.1-1.32, p < 0.005 in previous smokers) compared to never smokers. Having close and frequent confidants (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.75-0.92, p < 0.005 for daily) also confers benefits to survival.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that participation in sports club or gym, engaging in religious groups and other group activities, forming good health habits such as smoking cessation, and having people to confide in regularly is associated with reduced mortality risk in prostate cancer patients. These findings highlight the importance of integrating psychosocial resilience, health behaviour optimisation, and spiritual engagement into survivorship care. The hierarchical risk reduction profile supports prioritising interventions targeting modifiable health behaviours, spiritual/social support, and group activities. While religious participation is associated with notable survival benefits, this study recognises the complex interplay of cultural, social, and personal factors influencing engagement in such activities. These findings advocate for stratified survivorship care models prioritising engagement modalities with dual physiological, psychosocial, and spiritual benefits.

PMID:40818052 | DOI:10.1002/pon.70258

J Fluoresc. 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04514-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study introduces an innovative spectrofluorimetric method for determining fimasartan, a pharmaceutical compound, at low concentrations in drug formulations and human blood samples. The method incorporates several key features that enhance its effectiveness and sustainability. It utilizes eco-friendly solvents (water and ethanol) and reduces analysis time, making it both cost-effective and environmentally friendly. The integration of Quality by Design (QbD) principles ensures consistent quality throughout the analytical process. The method employs a microwave-assisted Hantzsch reaction for derivatization, which modifies the compound for improved detection. To optimize critical variables, the Placket-Burman design, a statistical tool, was implemented. The method demonstrates high performance with linearity in the range of 50-250 ng/mL, a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 10 ng/mL, and a Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of 50 ng/mL. It achieves excellent accuracy, with 99.61-100.58% recovery in pharmaceutical formulations and 91.67-94.94% in human plasma. The rapid analysis time of 30 s for derivatization further enhances its efficiency. Mass spectrometry confirmation verified the formation of a fluorescent Mannich base product. Notably, this method outperforms existing LC-MS and HPLC techniques based on RGB12, AGREE, and modified-GAPI assessments, demonstrating superior environmental performance. By successfully combining analytical quality, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness, this new spectrofluorimetric method presents a valuable tool for researchers and pharmaceutical professionals in the analysis of fimasartan. Its ability to provide accurate measurements at very small nano-scale concentrations while maintaining eco-friendly practices makes it a significant advancement in pharmaceutical analysis techniques.

PMID:40818015 | DOI:10.1007/s10895-025-04514-5

Sports Med. 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02298-z. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Exercise-based injury prevention programmes (EIPPs) need a certain period of consistent practice to achieve the expected efficacy. Therefore, as with many other biomedical interventions, EIPPs can be characterised by a dose-response relationship. In this Current Opinion, we aim to present the concept of the dose-response relationship and explore the research and clinical implications stemming from it. First, we introduce its origins from pharmacology and define the terms dose and response in the context of EIPPs. Specifically, we describe how the dose is dependent on the duration of EIPP practice and how the response can be quantified from injury-related epidemiological outcomes. Then, we highlight that the vast majority of research studies examining the efficacy of EIPPs neglect their dose-response relationship, which can lead to a potential underestimation of the EIPP effect. To overcome this problem, we present two statistical approaches that were applied to a previous study, providing a practical way to estimate the dose-response relationship of an EIPP. Finally, we discuss how researchers can integrate this concept in their study designs and analyses and how practitioners can plan the implementation of EIPPs on the basis of the time needed for the EIPPs to gain efficacy according to the dose-response relationship.

PMID:40818011 | DOI:10.1007/s40279-025-02298-z

Int Urol Nephrol. 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s11255-025-04706-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pressure- and volume-controlled balloon dilation in the treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and to compare it with traditional bladder hydrodistension to explore a superior therapeutic approach.

METHODS: A prospective randomised-controlled trial was conducted, enrolling 50 women with IC/BPS aged 52-77 years, treated between July 2013 and June 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to a pressure- and volume-controlled balloon dilation group (experimental group, n = 25) or a traditional bladder hydrodistension group (control group, n = 25). The primary outcome measures included interstitial cystitis symptom index and interstitial cystitis problem index (ICSI/ICPI) scores, pelvic pain and urinary frequency (PUF) scores, bladder capacity, nocturnal urination frequency, maximum voided volume, and postoperative complications (bleeding and bladder rupture). Statistical analyses were performed using t tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Chi-square tests, with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.

RESULTS: At 6 months post-treatment, the experimental group showed significantly lower ICSI/ICPI scores than the control group (P < 0.05). The experimental group also exhibited significantly lower PUF scores at all time points (P < 0.05). Under non-anaesthetic conditions, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater bladder capacity (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed under anaesthetic conditions (P > 0.05). The experimental group experienced significantly fewer episodes of nocturnal urination from 2 weeks to 6 months post-treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Pressure- and volume-controlled balloon dilation demonstrated superior efficacy in alleviating IC/BPS symptoms and improving bladder function compared with traditional hydrodistension. Additionally, it was associated with a lower complication rate, offering a safer and more effective therapeutic option for patients with IC/BPS.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID:ISRCTN25030604, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN25030604.

PMID:40818007 | DOI:10.1007/s11255-025-04706-9

Int J Implant Dent. 2025 Aug 16;11(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s40729-025-00642-6.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Implant dentistry is an established therapy option with sufficient long-term success for the replacement of missing teeth. Education in implant dentistry should not only focus on theory but also on practical courses. The purpose of the current examination was to assess the accuracy of fully guided and pilot-drill guided implant insertion applying plotted static guides in a cohort of undergraduate dental students.

METHODS: Matching a three-dimensional set of radiographic data and surface scans of 51 artificial mandibular models, 51 surgical templates were produced by plotting. Metal sleeves allowing either a pilot-drill or fully guided implant insertion were inserted alternatively in region 36 and 46. A total of 102 implants were inserted by 51 undergraduates. Subsequently, the positions of the implants were analyzed radiographically considering the accuracy. Additionally, the time required for implant insertion was recorded and a questionnaire was completed. Statistical analysis followed.

RESULTS: In general, the accuracy of fully guided implant insertion was higher compared to pilot-drill guided. Mean three-dimensional deviation was 2.24 ± 0.38 degrees for fully guided vs. 4.51 ± 2.20 degrees for pilot-drill guided implant insertion. Time required for fully guided implant insertion was statistically significant higher compared to pilot-drill guided (15:22 ± 5:22 vs. 9:35 ± 3:58 min, p < 0.01). The returned questionnaires reported a high interest but a self-assessed minor previous knowledge in implant dentistry.

CONCLUSION: The examination could show that inexperienced undergraduates benefited from fully guided implant insertion in a laboratory set-up. Based on the questionnaires there is a distinct demand for an extended education in implant dentistry among undergraduate students.

PMID:40818001 | DOI:10.1186/s40729-025-00642-6

Odontology. 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s10266-025-01167-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of different designs and depths of cusp reduction on fracture resistance of maxillary permanent premolars restored with CAD/CAM composite restorations. A total of 42 sound maxillary premolars were used. Standardized MOD cavities were prepared in all specimens. Teeth were randomly divided according to form of cusp reduction into three main groups (n = 14); G1:MOD cavities restored with inlays with no cusp reduction, G2:MOD cavities restored with overlays with buccal and palatal anatomical cusps reduction, G3; MOD cavities restored with overlays with buccal and palatal flat cusps reduction. Groups 2 and 3 were further sub-divided into two sub-groups (n = 7) according to amount of cusp reduction either 1.5 mm or 2.5 mm. All groups were restored by CAD/CAM resin composite indirect restorations and cemented by adhesive resin cement. Thermocycling was done for all specimens. Fracture resistance was tested by universal testing machine and failure modes were examined by stereomicroscope. Statistically analysis was done for all data. Fracture resistance showed significant differences among the experimental groups (p < 0.001) with the highest fracture resistance for overlays with 2.5 mm of anatomical reduction. Regarding the modes of failure, there were no significant differences between experimental groups (p = 0.489). The fracture resistance of the composite CAD/CAM fabricated restorations is highly influenced by the restoration/prep design. The overlay design with anatomical cusps reduction of 2.5 mm can reinforce maxillary premolars teeth with MOD cavities.

PMID:40817999 | DOI:10.1007/s10266-025-01167-5

Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 Aug 16;29(1):144. doi: 10.1007/s10006-025-01442-3.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The goal of using ultrasound-guided (USG) arthrocentesis is to reduce number of needle insertion attempts, which is hypothesized to reduce procedure time, postoperative pain, and consequently, limitation in range of motion.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the therapeutic and operative efficiency of USG Single-Puncture Arthrocentesis (SPA) Type 2 and SPA Type 2 arthrocentesis without ultrasound guidance in the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement (ID) “disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR).”

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double-blinded prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted from December 2022 to December 2023 at Ain Shams University Hospital. It enrolled females with a mean age of 27.00 ± 3.70 years with DDWOR and failed conservative treatment, excluding those with malocclusion, parafunctional habits, systemic diseases, psychological disorders or requiring special needs. In the study, 40 female patients with DDWOR were randomly divided into a control group (SPA Type 2 arthrocentesis) and an intervention group (USG SPA Type 2 arthrocentesis). Patients were assessed for needle insertion attempts as the primary outcome. procedure time, pain measured using visual analogue scale (VAS), and maximum mouth opening (MMO) were also assessed. Follow-up was conducted at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Patients with differences in age and gender, malocclusion, parafunctional habits, systemic diseases, or psychological disorders were excluded.

RESULTS: The intervention group had fewer needle insertion attempts (1.6 vs. 2.9) and shorter procedure time (11.75 vs. 16 min, p < 0.001). Pain scores (p = 0.846) and maximum mouth opening (p = 0.341) showed no statistically significant differences after 12 weeks. Data were summarized as mean, SD, median, and IQR, with normality assessed by examining the distribution and using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Non-parametric variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Linear mixed models were assessed via residual plots, Q-Q plots, Shapiro-Wilk, Breusch-Pagan, and VIF tests. Fixed effects were analyzed with ANOVA or Wald Chi-Square tests, followed by Tukey’s post-hoc comparisons. Analyses were conducted using R 4.5.0.

CONCLUSIONS: USG SPA Type 2 arthrocentesis demonstrated improved procedural efficiency, evidenced by fewer needle insertion attempts and shorter procedure duration. However, it did not result in statistically significant differences in therapeutic outcomes, including pain reduction or maximum mouth opening (MMO). Further research is warranted to determine whether ultrasound guidance provides additional clinical benefits beyond technical facilitation.

PMID:40817995 | DOI:10.1007/s10006-025-01442-3

Eat Weight Disord. 2025 Aug 16;30(1):65. doi: 10.1007/s40519-025-01778-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Scientific evidence has demonstrated that psychosocial factors can influence hedonic hunger (HH). Moreover, HH can be a predictor of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) outcomes. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been used as a model approach for managing excess weight. In this study, we assessed the association between anxiety and depression levels, HH, and adherence to MD in candidates to MBS and post-MBS subjects.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study that included individuals who were candidates and who were submitted to MBS. Data analysis included anthropometric measurements, assessment of anxiety and depression levels, HH, and adherence to MD.

RESULTS: Of the 64 included individuals, 68.8% were female, with a mean age of 48.39 years. A significant positive correlation was observed between HH and anxiety and depression levels. No statistically significant relationship was found between adherence to MD and HH, nor with anxiety and depression levels.

CONCLUSION: Psychological status largely contributes to weight control. Therefore, patients should be carefully assessed before and after surgery to ensure treatment and adequate follow-up. Future studies are needed to better determine the complex relationship between psychological factors, HH, food intake, and weight.

LEVEL V: Cross-sectional observational study.

PMID:40817990 | DOI:10.1007/s40519-025-01778-5

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s13555-025-01514-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Biologics have revolutionized the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), with dupilumab, an anti-interleukin-4Rα monoclonal antibody, showing notable clinical efficacy. However, some patients achieve rapid and profound improvement-termed super responders (SRs), while others respond poorly. This study aimed to identify SRs to dupilumab in patients with AD and analyze their clinical characteristics to inform personalized treatment strategies.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab, sourced from the National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases in China. Clinical and follow-up data were reviewed. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, while continuous variables were compared via t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. Furthermore, a logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the predictive ability of clinical and demographic variables collected at baseline on the probability of becoming SRs.

RESULTS: Among 1,034 patients with AD, 125 (12.09%) were identified as SRs, achieving significant clinical improvement within 16 weeks. Further univariate analysis indicated that factors closely associated with SRs included: older age, higher body mass index, later disease onset, higher baseline scores of pruritus intensity (Peak pruritus Numerical Rating Scale, PP-NRS)/disease severity (Eczema Area and Severity Index, EASI)/quality of life (Dermatology Life Quality Index, DLQI), prior systemic therapy use, no prior biologics, elevated eosinophil count, high-dose dupilumab, shorter dosing intervals of dupilumab, and absence of concomitant therapies. Logistic regression identified moderate baseline pruritus (PP-NRS) and higher baseline DLQI scores (moderate-to-severe impact) as strong predictors of SRs (moderate pruritus Adj odds ratio (OR): 8.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.56-27.42; moderate DLQI Adj OR: 11.01, 95% CI 3.34-36.29; severe DLQI Adj OR: 14.52, 95% CI 4.70-44.91; all p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Baseline pruritus and quality of life impairment are key predictors of super response to dupilumab in AD. Early identification may guide more tailored, effective treatment strategies.

PMID:40817988 | DOI:10.1007/s13555-025-01514-y

Basic Res Cardiol. 2025 Aug 16. doi: 10.1007/s00395-025-01135-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Ischemic heart disease lacks optimal therapies targeting post-infarction inflammation and remodeling. The role of TCA cycle metabolites in modulating macrophage-driven cardiac inflammation remains unclear. This study hypothesized that AKG supplementation attenuates cardiac dysfunction by regulating macrophage activation via TCA cycle replenishment and FTO-dependent epigenetic mechanisms. Myocardial infarction was induced in male C57BL/6 mice and macrophage-specific FTO knockout mice via left anterior descending artery ligation. Mice received AKG supplementation. Techniques included echocardiography, histopathology, flow cytometry (quantifying Ly6C⁺ macrophages), m6A-RIP-qPCR (assessing Stat3 mRNA methylation), Western blotting (JAK1/STAT3 pathway), Seahorse metabolic analysis (BMDMs), and in vitro BMDM cultures. Data are mean ± SD; statistical significance (p < 0.05) assessed by t-test/ANOVA. AKG restored TCA cycle flux and significantly reduced infarct size (p < 0.01). It attenuated pro-inflammatory Ly6C⁺ macrophage infiltration (p < 0.05) versus controls. AKG required macrophage FTO expression, increasing STAT3 nuclear translocation (p < 0.05) via FTO-mediated m6A demethylation of Stat3 mRNA (p < 0.01). This activated JAK1/STAT3 signaling, driving anti-inflammatory polarization and metabolic reprogramming (p < 0.05). AKG supplementation attenuates post-infarction cardiac dysfunction primarily through FTO-mediated m6A demethylation of Stat3 in macrophages, activating JAK1/STAT3 signaling to promote anti-inflammatory polarization and metabolic reprogramming. This defines a novel metabolite-epigenetic pathway (AKG-FTO-m6A-STAT3) for immunomodulation in ischemic injury, highlighting TCA cycle replenishment as a therapeutic strategy.

PMID:40817969 | DOI:10.1007/s00395-025-01135-8