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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Delivering family centred services in child-onset disability: a mixed methods approach to understanding health professionals’ experiences and approaches

Disabil Rehabil. 2025 Jan 6:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2449399. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Family-centred service aims to build family capacity to support their children, but behaviours supporting capacity-building vary. We explored what influences the way service providers think about and approach family-centred service.

METHOD: An online survey drew on experiences, beliefs, and perspectives of Australian providers. Descriptive statistics were applied to quantitative data and inductive content analysis to qualitative, with a comparative discussion to merge data.

RESULTS: The 73 participating medical and allied health professionals reflected family-centred service as a way of “knowing”, “being”, and “doing”. There were no observed differences in beliefs, perceptions, or behaviours between those with different professional training, experience, or work contexts. Participants described Collaborative partnerships as a way of working together with families. Work was influenced by (1) Who I am, (2) How I perceive influences beyond me, and that (3) Overlapping values and priorities supports sustained motivation.

INTERPRETATION: Findings indicated that providers “way of knowing” influenced their “way of doing”. Education is needed to align providers understanding of family-centred service with contemporary evidence. Strategies tailored to each context are required to support providers to balance competing priorities for themselves, families they work with, and surrounding services and systems, and sustain and promote family-centred service in practice.

PMID:39761007 | DOI:10.1080/09638288.2024.2449399

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Is Income and Racial Residential Segregation Associated with 13-Year Changes in Body Mass Index? A Longitudinal Analysis in the Brazilian Pró-Saúde Cohort Study

J Urban Health. 2025 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s11524-024-00949-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Neighborhoods or residential environments have physical and social attributes which may contribute to inequalities in the overweight and obesity pandemic. We examined the longitudinal associations of baseline neighborhood-level income and racial residential segregation (using the Gi* statistic: low, medium, high) with changes in body mass index (BMI in kg/m2), using geocoded data from 1821 civil servants in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, followed-up for approximately 13 years (baseline wave 1: 1999, wave 2: 2001-2002, wave 3: 2006-2007, wave 4: 2012-2013). Linear mixed effects models using BMI measured in all four study waves were performed, accounting for gender, race, length of residence, education and time-dependent age, and per capita family income. After adjustments, both income and racial segregation were positively associated with BMI differences (but not BMI changes) over time, in a dose-response pattern. For income segregation, mean differences in BMI for participants living in high and medium vs. low segregated neighborhoods were 1.04 kg/m2 (β = 1.04; 95% CI 0.47, 1.62) and 0.86 kg/m2 (0.86; 0.33, 1.39), respectively. For racial segregation, mean differences in BMI for participants living in high and medium vs low segregated neighborhoods were 0.71 kg/m2 (0.71; 0.14, 1.29) and 0.30 kg/m2 (0.30; – 0.24, 0.83), respectively. We also showed a moderate to strong correlation between racial and income segregation at baseline. Strategies to reduce BMI and obesity-related health inequalities should include special efforts aimed at segregated neighborhoods and its obesogenic environments.

PMID:39760992 | DOI:10.1007/s11524-024-00949-6

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Comparing loss of contractual employment pre- and post-diagnosis in patients with rare versus common cancer types: a national registry-based study

J Cancer Surviv. 2025 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s11764-024-01726-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Patients with rare cancer often experience diagnostic delays and limited treatment options, potentially negatively impacting their working lives. We explored whether those with rare vs. common cancer have an increased risk of loss of contractual employment (1) up to 2 years pre-diagnosis, (2) up to 5 years post-diagnosis, and (3) which characteristics of rare cancer survivors are associated with loss of contractual employment 5 years post-diagnosis.

METHODS: Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Statistics Netherlands were linked. Demographic, work-related, and cancer-related characteristics were obtained of 16,203 patients with rare cancer and 23,295 unmatched patients with common breast or colorectal cancer. Transitions in primary source of income were explored from contractual employment to work disability, unemployment, social welfare, (early) retirement, or self-employment. Logistic regression and competing risk survival analyses were applied.

RESULTS: Employees with rare vs. common cancer had increased odds of becoming work-disabled pre-diagnosis (OR = 1.83, 95%CI 1.30-2.58) and of becoming self-employed post-diagnosis (HR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.03-1.68). Younger age and having a temporary employment contract were associated with becoming self-employed among those with rare cancers.

CONCLUSIONS: Employees with rare vs. common cancer have an increased risk of loss of contractual employment pre- and post-diagnosis.

IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: To reduce the risk of adverse work outcomes pre- and post-diagnosis, awareness and knowledge of rare cancers need to be increased to shorten time to diagnosis and accelerate access to adequate care.

PMID:39760980 | DOI:10.1007/s11764-024-01726-9

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Effect of nanogold incorporation into polymethyl methacrylate denture bases on microbial activity in implant-retained mandibular overdentures

Int J Implant Dent. 2025 Jan 6;11(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40729-024-00579-2.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: In this randomized clinical trial, we examined the incorporation of nanogold particles into polymethyl methacrylate denture bases and compared these modified bases with conventional ones in mandibular implant-retained overdentures, focusing on microbiological growth and adhesion characteristics.

METHODS: In this study, twenty-two male patients who were completely edentulous participated in a rehabilitation program involving mandibular overdentures retained by two dental implants placed in the canine area. The subjects were categorized into two equal groups, each comprising eleven patients. Group I received mandibular overdentures fabricated from conventional acrylic denture bases, whereas Group II received mandibular overdentures with bases that had undergone nanogold treatment. Microbial growth and colonization were evaluated around the implant’s necks and the fitting surface of each patient’s mandibular dentures. Three types of bacteria were studied: Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus mutans. The mean difference in the counts of bacteria before the denture was inserted and after two, four, and six months has been calculated and analyzed statistically.

RESULTS: Regarding colony count (log 10 CFUs/mmL), there was a significant difference between the research groups. Group II had significantly lower values measured at 2, 4, and 6 months for Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus mutans, respectively, than group I.

CONCLUSION: The addition of gold nanoparticles to PMMA denture bases was of greater benefit in inhibiting microbial growth than conventional acrylic resin bases.

PMID:39760976 | DOI:10.1186/s40729-024-00579-2

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Use of nicotine products, prescription drug products, and other methods to stop smoking by US adults in the 2022 National Health Interview Survey

Intern Emerg Med. 2025 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s11739-024-03847-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Recent data on methods used by adults to stop smoking can inform tobacco control policies. Nationally representative Centers for Disease Control and Prevention survey data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (N = 27,651) were used to analyze populations of US adults who self-reported having stopped smoking cigarettes for 6 months or longer in the last year and the methods they used, or who did not stop smoking but tried in the last year (N = 1735). In 2022, an estimated 2.9 million [95% CI 2.5 million-3.2 million] US adults had stopped smoking in the past year. Most were male, non-Hispanic White, aged < 55 years, college-educated, identified as straight, were not depressed, and currently drank alcohol. The most popular methods used to stop smoking were nicotine products (53.9% [47.4-60.3%]; 1.5 [1.3-1.8] million adults), especially e-cigarettes in combination with other methods (40.8% [34.4-47.5%]; 1.2 [0.9-1.4] million) and e-cigarettes alone (26.0% [20.4-32.3%]; 0.7 [0.6-0.9] million). Prescription drug products (8.1% [5.3-11.8%]; 0.2 [0.1-0.3] million) and non-nicotine, non-prescription drug methods (6.3% (3.9-9.7%); 0.2 [0.1-0.3] million) were less popular. A further 13.1 [12.2-14.0] million tried but did not stop smoking. Compared to those who tried but didn’t stop smoking, those who successfully stopped were more likely to be younger, degree-educated, and to use e-cigarettes to stop smoking. Many adults still attempt to stop smoking unaided. Interventions to reduce smoking could focus on populations that stopped smoking the least and encourage use of evidence-based methods.

PMID:39760947 | DOI:10.1007/s11739-024-03847-6

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Effects of dietary hydroxy-cinnamic acid derivatives on growth, muscle, and intestinal parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Jan 6;51(1):4. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01438-y.

ABSTRACT

Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives are a class of phenolic acid compounds, including sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, which are widely found in plants. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid) on the growth performance, muscle physical parameters, and intestinal morphology of tilapia. A total of 320 tilapia fingerlings (9.99 ± 0.12 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 tilapia per replicate. Each group was fed a basal diet (control group), and the experimental diet supplemented with 0.52 mmol/kg sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, respectively. After 8 weeks of feeding, the growth indexes and serum indexes of tilapia were measured, and the body, muscle composition, and muscle physical parameters, as well as the intestinal morphology were analyzed. The results showed that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives to the diets significantly increased the weight gain rate (WGR) compared with the control (p < 0.05), with improvements of approximately 14.93%, 27.27%, and 28.06% for sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, respectively. In the caffeic acid and ferulic acid groups, the final mean weight (FBW) was significantly increased and the feed coefficient (FCR) was significantly decreased compared with the control (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives group had significantly lower levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.05), but had significantly higher levels of albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total cholesterol (TCHO) among all groups (p > 0.05). Besides, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash in whole fish and muscle among all groups showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). In addition, hardness, gumminess, adhesiveness, and resilience of muscle in tilapia fed the hydroxycinnamic acid derivative were significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Chewiness, springiness, stringiness, and cohesiveness showed no statistically significant differences among the treatments (p > 0.05). The analysis of intestinal morphology showed that the villus height and muscle thickness of the foregut and hindgut in the fish fed hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were significantly higher than those in the control fish (p < 0.05), but the villus width of the foregut and hindgut did not differ significantly among the treatment groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives can improve the growth, muscle physical parameters, and intestinal morphology of tilapia. Ferulic acid and caffeic acid had stronger beneficial effects on tilapia than sinapic acid.

PMID:39760933 | DOI:10.1007/s10695-024-01438-y

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

MRI grading using the neuropathy score-reporting and data system with electrodiagnostic correlation in radial neuropathy around the elbow: a 13-year retrospective review

Skeletal Radiol. 2025 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s00256-024-04861-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Neuropathy Score-Reporting and Data System (NS-RADS) MRI grading system in conjunction with electrodiagnostic (EDx) testing for radial neuropathy at the elbow.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients presenting between 2010 and 2023 with suspected radial neuropathy who underwent both EDx testing in the form of electromyography and nerve conduction studies and MRI within a 12-month period were evaluated. Three blinded radiologists used the NS-RADS grading system to evaluate nerve entrapment (E grades), muscle denervation (M grades) proximally within the supinator/extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), and more distally within the forearm extensor muscles. These grades and the presence of lateral epicondylitis were then correlated with EDx abnormalities.

RESULTS: Forty-nine participants were included. Inter-reader reliability for M grades in the forearm extensor muscles was good (ICC = 0.90 [95% CI = 0.83 – 0.94], p < 0.001), as was reliability for the supinator/ECRB muscles (ICC = 0.91 [95% CI = 0.86-0.95], p < 0.001). Inter-reader reliability for E grades was moderate (ICC = 0.83 [95% CI = 0.69-0.90], p < 0.001). Patients with positive EDx studies had a significantly different distribution of M grades for the forearm extensors and supinator/ECRB than those with negative studies (all p values < 0.001). However, overall consensus reads showed no significant difference in the distribution of E grades between patients with positive and negative EDx studies.

CONCLUSION: Muscle grading strongly correlated with EDx positivity, with a high level of inter-reader agreement for muscle denervation-related alterations. Nerve grading, however, did not show a statistical correlation.

PMID:39760931 | DOI:10.1007/s00256-024-04861-7

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Associations of phthalate and phthalate alternative metabolites in urine with the risk of gallstones in adults: a cross-sectional analysis

Environ Geochem Health. 2025 Jan 6;47(2):41. doi: 10.1007/s10653-024-02354-z.

ABSTRACT

It remains unclear whether phthalates are associated with gallstones and whether the associations of phthalate alternatives with gallstones are different from traditional phthalates. In this study, 1735 participants from the NHANES 2017-2018 were included and their urine was used to detect phthalate metabolites. We used logistic and restricted cubic spline regressions to assess individual associations and dose-response relationships between phthalate metabolites and gallstones, quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression to assess mixed associations of phthalate metabolites with gallstones, and subgroup analyses to explore potential effect modifiers. We observed that individual associations of cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid-mono(carboxyoctyl) ester phthalate (MCOCHP) (OR: 1.423, 95% CI: 1.098-1.844) and cyclohexane 1,2-dicarboxylic acid monohydroxy isononyl ester (MHNCH) (OR: 1.380, 95% CI: 1.080-1.763) with gallstones were linearly positive, mixed association of phthalate metabolites (OR: 2.453, 95% CI: 1.054-5.708) with gallstones was also positive, and MCOCHP and MHNCH had positive weights. The associations of phthalate metabolites with gallstones were higher in the males and participants with age ≥ 60 years, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, hypertension, and diabetes. MCOCHP and MHNCH had the highest groupPIP (groupPIP: 0.941), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) terephthalate (MECPTP) had the highest condPIP (condPIP: 0.721), and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), MCOCHP, and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) also had high condPIPs (condPIP > 0.5). The trend in mixed associations of phthalate metabolites with gallstones was positive. Our study suggests that traditional phthalates and phthalate alternatives are associated with gallstones, especially in the elderly, men, obese, hypertensive populations, and diabetic populations, and phthalate alternatives are associated with a higher risk of gallstones.

PMID:39760927 | DOI:10.1007/s10653-024-02354-z

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Development and Content Validity of a Questionnaire on Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Maintenance and Knowledge of Nursing Professionals Regarding Best Practices

J Infus Nurs. 2025 Jan-Feb 01;48(1):53-69. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000571. Epub 2024 Dec 26.

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to develop a questionnaire on peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) maintenance, evaluate its content validity, and assess factors influencing the level of knowledge of nursing professionals regarding best practices.The study was conducted in 3 stages: (1) development of a questionnaire on PIVC maintenance; (2) content validity assessment by experts with assessment of comprehensiveness, relevance, and clarity; and (3) application of the questionnaire to 1493 nursing professionals. Relationships between personal characteristics and knowledge levels were evaluated. The questionnaire score ranged from 0 to 26. The participants obtained a mean score of 13.7 (SD, 2.4). Factors associated with a higher knowledge level included higher educational level, training on PIVC maintenance upon admission, and employment in an institution with recurrent PIVC maintenance training. Gaps in knowledge included the recommended technique for active disinfection, how catheter stabilization should be performed, recommended technique for flushing and minimizing blood reflux into the catheter, appropriate frequency for assessing the insertion site of the catheter, and signs of catheter complications. A questionnaire for assessing knowledge of best practices in PIVC maintenance was developed and had adequate evidence of content validity. Aspects related to greater education were associated with a higher knowledge level. Knowledge gaps were identified.

PMID:39760879 | DOI:10.1097/NAN.0000000000000571

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Nevin Manimala Statistics

Characteristics of Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Cannulation in Older Japanese Inpatients

J Infus Nurs. 2025 Jan-Feb 01;48(1):25-31. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000564. Epub 2024 Dec 26.

ABSTRACT

Age-related physiological changes affect various aspects of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) cannulation. However, the characteristics of PIVCs, especially in older patients, have been poorly investigated. In the current cross-sectional observational study, PIVC sizes, PIVC sites, the number of attempts until successful insertion, and the degree of venodilation upon insertion among hospital inpatients aged ≥65 years were investigated, along with measurements of the vessel diameter and depth using ultrasound. In total, 91 PIVC insertions were analyzed. The vessel diameter was estimated to be smaller than that in domestic adult inpatients. Most of the catheters were placed at the ideal site on the first attempt. However, considering the optimal vein-to-catheter ratio, most of the cannulations were oversized and would be oversized even when using a 24-gauge catheter. In addition, obvious differences were found in the vessel diameter, catheter size, and catheter site compared with previous studies conducted outside of Asia. The current study indicates the need for further research on the identification of appropriate veins, and the definition of “appropriate” approaches might vary among countries.

PMID:39760875 | DOI:10.1097/NAN.0000000000000564