Nevin Manimala

West J Nurs Res. 2024 Dec 21:1939459241306946. doi: 10.1177/01939459241306946. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Older adults are a heterogeneous group, and their care experience preferences are likely to be diverse and individualized. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify categories of older adults’ care experience preferences and to examine similarities and differences across different age groups.

METHODS: The initial categories of older adults’ care experience preferences were identified through a qualitative review of narrative text (n = 3134) in the ADVault data set. A natural language processing (NLP) algorithm was used to automatically and accurately define older adults’ care experience preference categories. Descriptive statistics were used to examine similarities and differences in care experience preference categories across different age groups.

RESULTS: The overall average performance of NLP algorithms was relatively high (average F-score = 0.88; range: 0.77-0.96). Through a qualitative review of 350 randomly selected texts, a total of 11 categories were identified. The most frequent category was music, followed by photographs, entertainment, family/friends, religion-related, atmosphere, flower/plants, pet, bed/bedding, hobby, and other. After applying the best performing NLP algorithm to each category, older adults’ care experience preference categories were music (41.32%), followed by photographs (28.47%), entertainment (13.46%), religion-related (n = 12.69%), pet (12.22%), flower/plants (11.51%), family/friends (8.45%), atmosphere (7.75%), bed/bedding (6.12%), and hobby (5.45%). Young-old and old-old adults had similar care experience preferences with music being the most frequent category while old-old adults had photographs as the most frequent category for their care experience preference.

CONCLUSION: Clinicians must understand the distinct categories of care experience preferences and incorporate them into personalized care planning.

PMID:39707813 | DOI:10.1177/01939459241306946

Laryngoscope. 2024 Dec 21. doi: 10.1002/lary.31969. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intrapolyp steroid injection compared with oral steroids, nasal steroid wash, nasal steroid spray, and a control group in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and CENTRAL.

REVIEW METHODS: Both randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were included. For risk of bias assessment, we used the RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. Our outcomes focused on safety and efficacy, including rates of visual disturbance and bleeding, as well as improvements in nasal polyps evaluated through three domains: endoscopic, radiologic, and patient-reported assessments. Safety data were pooled as events (%), while efficacy data were pooled as mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD).

RESULTS: Eight clinical trials involving 579 patients were analyzed. The pooled analyses showed low event rates for visual disturbances (event rate = 0.64%, 95% CI [0.00%, 2.23%]) and bleeding (event rate = 0.61%, 95% CI [0.00%, 2.25%]). Additionally, intrapolyp steroid injections were found to be comparable with oral steroids, with no statistically significant differences. Moreover, intrapolyp steroid injections demonstrated some superiority over nasal sprays, nasal washes, and the control group.

CONCLUSION: This network meta-analysis confirms that intrapolyp steroid injections have a favorable safety and efficacy profile as a viable management option for CRSwNP. The injections showed comparable efficacy with oral steroids and demonstrated certain advantages over other treatments, such as nasal sprays and washes. Further research with larger sample sizes and standardized protocols are needed. Laryngoscope, 2024.

PMID:39707800 | DOI:10.1002/lary.31969

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Nov 27;70(11):16-30. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.3.

ABSTRACT

Breast cancer (BC) is a global health concern with a growing prevalence. Since BC is a heterogeneous cancer, transcriptome analyzes were carried out on breast tumor tissues relative to their corresponding normal tissues in order to identify gene expression signatures and perform meta-analysis. Five expression profiling by array data sets from breast tumor tissues and non-tumor neighboring tissues were retrieved following a search in the GEO database (GSE70947, GSE70905, GSE10780, GSE29044, and GSE42568). Meta-analysis of gene expression using the Network Analyst tool identified common differentially expressed genes and biological pathways in all data sets. Then, the DEGs were analyzed through PPI network construction, gene ontology, and pathway analysis. The detected hub genes underwent Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter and UALCAN validation. Finally, Real-time PCR analysis was used on BC patients’ samples to determine mRNA levels of cAMP signaling pathway members ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3. Breast tumor tissues showed 710 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 392 overexpressed and 318 underexpressed, compared to normal marginal tissues. On the EnrichR library, GO, and KEGG pathway analyses were performed on the DEGs list. Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation and the NF-kappa B signaling system were upregulated DEGs’ top deregulated signaling pathways. In contrast, pathways related to cancer and the cAMP signaling pathway were the most enriched terms for down-regulated genes. Next, Real-time PCR quantification of cAMP signaling cascade members ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3 was performed on 50 BC tumoral and non-tumoral tissues for validation. Results of meta-analyzed array data sets revealed DEGs representing BC gene signatures, and cAMP signaling pathway members as effective factors in BC. The results of our real-time PCR expression level determination for ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3 in breast tumor tissues relative to the normal margins contradicted our bioinformatics investigations, which found increased levels for these genes. Of these, only ATP1A2’s expression levels were statistically significant. This study focused on identifying gene expression signatures that provide an invaluable source of evidence for BC-related underlying mechanisms to provide new therapeutic targets and biomarkers.

PMID:39707785 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.3

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Dec 20;70(11):46-51. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.6.

ABSTRACT

Vaspin plays a regulatory role in lipid and glucose metabolism and is a therapeutic adipokine against impaired glucose intolerance in obese individuals. We aimed to investigate serum vaspin levels in patients with FMS and whether there was any relationship between vaspin levels and metabolic and clinical parameters in fibromyalgia. A total of 64 female patients who applied to an outpatient clinic due to widespread pain lasting more than three months were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: 32 in the fibromyalgia group and 32 in the healthy controls. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients were evaluated with the standard evaluation form. Age, weight, height, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, presence of menopause were recorded. Pain intensity was evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS). The Fibromyalgia Impact Scale (FIS) was utilized to measure quality of life and functional status. Metabolic syndrome components were significantly different in the fibromyalgia group compared to the control group (p <0.05). While 22 patients (68.8%) in the fibromyalgia group met the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, three patients (9.4%) in the control group met these criteria. In the fibromyalgia intra-group correlation, vaspin was significantly positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference (p<0.05). In the control group, vaspin indicated a statistically significant positive correlation with BMI. This study elaborated that waist circumference, insulin, and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the fibromyalgia patients compared to the healthy control group. This was confirmed by the finding that significantly more patients met the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. Additionally, vaspin was considerably higher in fibromyalgia patients and thus it was positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference.

PMID:39707782 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.6

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Nov 27;70(11):109-114. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.16.

ABSTRACT

Considering the relatively high frequency of genetic disorders associated with negative pregnancy outcomes, in this research, adverse pregnancy outcomes in amniocentesis patients were compared between two groups with normal and abnormal maternal serum analytes. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on singleton pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis and had fetuses with normal chromosomes at the perinatology clinic in Rasht. Eligible patients were divided into two groups of 307 people with normal and abnormal maternal serum analytes based on laboratory screening results. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. In a total of 614 pregnant women, adverse pregnancy outcomes were observed in 24% of the abnormal analyte group and 15% of cases in the normal analyte group. The association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and both normal and abnormal analytes was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). the most common adverse pregnancy outcome was hypertensive disorders, which was more prevalent in the abnormal analyte group (10.7%). The presence of abnormal levels of free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG) and inhibin-A factors were found to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Specifically, for each unit increase in inhibin-A level, the likelihood of experiencing an adverse pregnancy outcome was reported to be 1.83 times higher (OR=1.83, P=0.028). Similarly, the presence of abnormal free β-hCG values was associated with a 3.12 times higher chance of adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR=3.115, P=0.03). The utilization of serum analytes for first and second-trimester screening can be beneficial in the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.

PMID:39707773 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.16

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Nov 27;70(11):122-128. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.18.

ABSTRACT

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen. It’s a dimorphic fungus with hyphal form that can penetrate and proliferate the oral mucosa. Occlusal guard materials come into direct contact with the oral mucosa and saliva when worn for extended periods, the occlusal guard acts as a reservoir for C. albicans that imposes adverse oral or systemic effects, particularly in medically compromised patients. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among forty volunteers with a history of bruxism. The volunteers were divided into four groups, with each group assigned to wear occlusal guards made of one of the following materials: (Polyethylene Terephthalate-Glycol, Polymethyl methacrylate resin, Ethyl phenylphosphinate 3D printing resin and Chrome-Cobalt Alloy). The study samples were collected after one month, with an additional three months spent assessing C. albicans. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and compared between groups with different time intervals. The statistical analysis revealed that C. albicans proliferation increased after three months of wearing the occlusal guards, however, the results showed non-significant differences (P = 0.914). Furthermore, the comparative analysis demonstrated that the highest proliferation of C. albicans was found with Polymethyl methacrylate and the least with Chrome-Cobalt Alloy. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that reducing wearing time will reduce pathogenic infection by C. albicans, and the occlusal guard with the chrome-cobalt alloy material was better than the other materials in this aspect.

PMID:39707771 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.18

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Nov 27;70(11):134-143. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.20.

ABSTRACT

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite a thorough understanding of its biology, etiology, and epidemiology, an estimated 1.8 million new cases are diagnosed each year, and 900000 people die as a result of malignancy. The current study aims to investigate the expression pattern of S100A4 and S100A14 proteins in CRC tissue specimens and a panel of cell lines. Furthermore, to explore the metastatic potential of the aforementioned proteins in relation to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and their possible association with the clinical features of CRC. The present study involved 80 patients diagnosed with CRC. Upon identification of the sociodemographic and clinicopathological features of the participants, immunohistochemical studies were conducted to measure the expression pattern of the S100 proteins in CRC tissues. In addition to qPCR and western blot studies, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted in a panel of CRC cell lines to assess the effects of S100 protein expression in cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. The number of CRC patients with high S100A4 expression levels was considerably higher than those with low expression (p < 0.0001). S100A4 is positively correlated with TNM staging, nodal metastasis, distant metastasis, and perineural invasion and was statistically significant (p = 0.02, 0.01, 0.0001, and 0.02, respectively). In vitro studies demonstrated that S100A14 knockdown induced EMT and resulted in a substantial increase in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HT29 cells. Moreover, S100A4 knockdown substantially inhibited migration, invasion, and proliferation in LoVo cells. The findings collectively suggest that both S100A4 and S100A14 play a pivotal role in colorectal cancer progression. Overexpression of S100A4 consistently with S100A14 downregulation is associated with the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which in turn enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

PMID:39707769 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2024.70.11.20

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025 Dec;21(1):2440164. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2440164. Epub 2024 Dec 21.

ABSTRACT

People in Australia have access to different influenza vaccines, but may be unaware of their options and features. Preference studies for differentiated influenza vaccines including cell-based vaccines are limited, particularly in Australia. This study investigated which influenza vaccine attributes people in Australia value using a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Adults in Australia ineligible for free influenza vaccines had been vaccinated in the last 5 years and intended to be vaccinated again completed an online survey. Participants (N = 1203) were presented three influenza vaccine profiles described by eight attributes. Half the DCE scenarios described influenza season severity to be the same as last year, and the other half as more severe. DCE data were analyzed using a mixed multinomial logit (MMNL) model. All eight attributes significantly predicted vaccine choice (p < .05). Regardless of influenza season severity, participants preferred a vaccine: with greater protection, designed to be an exact match to circulating strains (match), using modern technology, manufactured by an Australian company, available at pharmacies, preferred by health care professionals (HCP), government funded for high-risk individuals and having lower cost. The top three attributes by importance were protection, match and cost. Participants were willing to pay more for match and higher protection. The Marginal Willingness to Pay (MWTP) for the most important attributes, excluding cost, were AUD $1.61/$2.18 for each additional percent in protection (same/more severe season), AUD $25.37/$32.37 for match and AUD $4.06/$15.97 for HCP preference. Findings indicate that match, protection, cost and HCP preference are key to vaccine choice, highlighting the importance of shared decision-making.

PMID:39707735 | DOI:10.1080/21645515.2024.2440164

Asian J Endosc Surg. 2025 Jan-Dec;18(1):e70004. doi: 10.1111/ases.70004.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Due to the growing medical need for gynecologic robotic surgery, several robotic surgeries may be performed in a single day at high-volume centers. This study evaluated the safety of performing multiple robot-assisted hysterectomies (RAHs) per day by the same surgeon.

METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of patients who underwent robotic surgery from April 2018 to September 2024 at the Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, and also examined the surgical type, order, and surgeon for each procedure.

RESULTS: A total of 352 RAHs performed by the same surgeon were included. Among them, 267 were the first and second cases performed on the same day (Group A), and 85 were the third to fifth cases (Group B). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding age, body mass index, uterine weight, surgical indication, and history of abdominal surgery. The median operative time of 68 (35-179) min in Group A and 66 (37-187) min in Group B was similar (p = 0.141). Both groups also had similar estimated blood loss (p = 0.744). Each group had two perioperative complications, and no patient underwent conversion to open or laparoscopic surgery.

CONCLUSION: Performing multiple RAHs by the same surgeon in a single day may be a safe procedure with no negative impact on operative time, blood loss, or perioperative complications. Hence, it could be a useful treatment option for high-volume centers.

PMID:39707725 | DOI:10.1111/ases.70004

Int J Urol. 2024 Dec 20. doi: 10.1111/iju.15657. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of docetaxel in addition to next-generation androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) remains unclear. We evaluated the efficacy of this combination through tumor volume-specific analysis.

METHODS: Individual patient data were reconstructed from seven clinical trials focusing mHSPC (ARASENS, PEACE-1, TITAN, ENZAMET, ARCHES, STAMPEDE, and LATITUDE) through the Shiny method. Overall survival (OS), radiological progression-free survival (rPFS), and time to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were analyzed in the overall cohort and tumor volume-specific (high/low) subgroups. Sensitivity analyses were performed based on treatment methods and metastasis onset.

RESULTS: In 6931 cases, adding docetaxel to ARAT and ADT did not significantly improve OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95-1.22, p = 0.27), rPFS (HR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.73-1.05, p = 0.16), or time to CRPC (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.80-1.18, p = 0.74). High-volume disease showed a non-significant trend toward improved OS with the triplet regimen. Low-volume disease showed a similar trend. Sensitivity analyses for second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors indicated potentially less advantageous OS with docetaxel addition, but no significant differences when stratified by tumor volume. Analyses of the docetaxel-naïve, abiraterone, and synchronous metastasis subgroups showed no statistically significant differences in OS compared with the overall population and volume-stratified cases.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with mHSPC did not show significant improvement with docetaxel addition to ARAT-based regimens, regardless of tumor volume. Further research is needed to identify potential beneficiaries of this combination therapy.

PMID:39707721 | DOI:10.1111/iju.15657