Nevin Manimala

Int J Environ Health Res. 2024 Jul 14:1-9. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2377312. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Jointpoint Regression Software from the National Cancer Institute was used to model age-adjusted male and female pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma rates in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) 8, SEER 12, and SEER 22 cancer registries. Linear mixed models were then used to determine if there was a statistical association between U.S. cosmetic talc consumption and the 30-year lagged age-adjusted mesothelioma rates (1) over the reporting period for each registry and (2) for the periods of time identified by the jointpoint model where changes in the rate of mesothelioma occurred. Regardless of the SEER registry used, from the early-1980s through 2020, rates of peritoneal mesothelioma have remained steady or declined. Female pleural mesothelioma rates were unchanged from the early-1980s until 2017 when rates declined, while male rates peaked in the early 1990s and have since declined. Cosmetic talc consumption was not statistically associated with an increased rate of pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma in males or females, suggesting that the use of cosmetic talc products is not associated with the development of mesothelioma.

PMID:39003755 | DOI:10.1080/09603123.2024.2377312

Brief Bioinform. 2024 May 23;25(4):bbae341. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbae341.

ABSTRACT

Recent advances in chromatin conformation capture technologies, such as SPRITE and Pore-C, have enabled the detection of simultaneous contacts among multiple chromatin loci. This has made it possible to investigate the cooperative transcriptional regulation involving multiple genes and regulatory elements at the resolution of a single molecule. However, these technologies are unavoidably subject to the random polymer looping effect and technical biases, making it challenging to distinguish genuine regulatory relationships directly from random polymer interactions. Here, we present HyperloopFinder, a method for identifying regulatory multi-way chromatin contacts (hyperloops) by jointly modeling the random polymer looping effect and technical biases to estimate the statistical significance of multi-way contacts. The results show that our model can accurately estimate the expected interaction frequency of multi-way contacts based on the distance distribution of pairwise contacts, revealing that most multi-way contacts can be formed by randomly linking the pairwise contacts adjacent to each other. Moreover, we observed the spatial colocalization of the interaction sites of hyperloops from image-based data. Our results also revealed that hyperloops can function as scaffolds for the cooperation among multiple genes and regulatory elements. In summary, our work contributes novel insights into higher-order chromatin structures and functions and has the potential to enhance our understanding of transcriptional regulation and other cellular processes.

PMID:39003726 | DOI:10.1093/bib/bbae341

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2024 Jun;32(Special Issue 1):659-663. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-659-663.

ABSTRACT

Currently, one of the most important health and social problems in the world is the constant increase in injuries and deaths at work. Statistics show that timely provision of first aid to victims has a positive effect on further medical support and a reduction in the number of deaths. First aid for crew members of sea vessels is a set of simple medical actions performed by seafarers directly on board the ship, as soon as possible after an injury or illness. As a rule, it is associated with emergency resuscitation of the victim. The lack of necessary skills and training among current ship crew members to carry out first aid operations shows an objective need to develop recommendatory measures to revise the current training system.

PMID:39003717 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-659-663

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2024 Jun;32(Special Issue 1):628-632. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-628-632.

ABSTRACT

Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are the main most common causes of death both in the Russian Federation and in the Republic of Tatarstan. Thus, in the traditional structure of mortality in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2022, a “classical triad” is defined: diseases of the circulatory system are in first place (46% of all deaths), neoplasms are in second place (15%), and external causes are in third place. (7.3%). As throughout the world, during the coronavirus infection there was an increase in population mortality from all causes, mainly from diseases of the circulatory system (hereinafter referred to as CVD), as well as directly from coronavirus infection, which is the cause of almost every fifth death in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2021. The peak of coronavirus infection reduced the average age of death from cardiovascular causes by 4.5 years in men and by 4 years in women. It was revealed that in the Republic of Tatarstan the probability of death from diseases of the circulatory system and endocrine system in women is higher than in men; In men, on the contrary, there is a higher probability of death from respiratory diseases, cancer and external causes.

PMID:39003712 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-628-632

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2024 Jun;32(Special Issue 1):577-581. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-577-581.

ABSTRACT

In the information 21st century, almost everyone interacts with technical devices, including gadgets. A gadget is a small device designed to make life easier and better. Gadgets most often include smartphones, computers, tablets, headphones, smartphone speakers, smart watches and much more. In this article, we will focus on the most common gadgets – a smartphone and a computer, and also consider their effect on the student’s body. The results of a social survey of students of the Admiral F. F. Ushakov State Maritime University on the indicator of smartphone screen time used and their well-being from this are presented. The authors show that the abuse of time spent in gadgets negatively affects the state of both physical and mental health of students. The article provides recommendations for a painless interaction.

PMID:39003703 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-577-581

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2024 Jun;32(Special Issue 1):562-566. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-562-566.

ABSTRACT

The relevance of the problems of diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer is currently determined not only by the high incidence rate, but by the existing difficulties in differential diagnosis and treatment with traditional methods. For localizations of basal cell skin cancer (BCSC) that are “inconvenient” for treatment, such as the external auditory canal, auricle, and wing of the nose, treatment is associated with certain difficulties and the possible appearance of a cosmetic defect, therefore, when choosing a treatment method, the anatomical features of these organs are taken into account. It has been determined that the effectiveness of treatment for primary BCSC of the nose and auricles is higher than recurrent one, and among the various treatment methods, the most effective and radical is the surgical method. The immediate results of treatment of BCSC in the form of PR by surgical method were 86.7%, which is statistically significant compared with other types of treatment (p < 0.05). Long-term treatment results with the surgical method are also higher (77%) compared to other methods, which is also statistically significant (p < 0.05).

PMID:39003701 | DOI:10.32687/0869-866X-2024-32-s1-562-566

Med J Aust. 2024 Jul 15;221(2):103-110. doi: 10.5694/mja2.52366.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To examine changes in multiple myeloma incidence and mortality rates during 1982-2018, and to estimate its incidence, mortality, and prevalence for 2019-2043.

STUDY DESIGN: Population-based statistical modelling study; analysis of and projections based on Australian Institute of Health and Welfare multiple myeloma incidence, mortality, and survival data.

SETTING: Australia, 1982-2018 (historical data) and projections to 2043.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in multiple myeloma incidence and mortality rates, 1982-2018, determined by joinpoint regression analysis (age-standardised to 2021 Australian population); projection of rates to 2043 based on age-period-cohort models; estimated 5- and 30-year prevalence of multiple myeloma (modified counting method).

RESULTS: The incidence of multiple myeloma increased during 1982-2018 (eg, annual percentage change [APC], 2006-2018, 1.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-2.2%), but the mortality rate declined during 1990-2018 (APC, -0.4%; 95% CI, -0.5% to -0.2%). The age-standardised incidence rate was projected to increase by 14.9% during 2018-2043, from 8.7 in 2018 to 10.0 (95% CI, 9.4-10.7) new cases per 100 000 population in 2043; the mortality rate was projected to decline by 27.5%, from 4.0 to 2.9 (95% CI, 2.6-3.3) deaths per 100 000 population. The annual number of people newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma was estimated to increase by 89.2%, from 2120 in 2018 to 4012 in 2043; the number of deaths from multiple myeloma was projected to increase by 31.7%, from 979 to 1289. The number of people living with multiple myeloma up to 30 years after initial diagnosis was projected to increase by 163%, from 10 288 in 2018 to 27 093 in 2043, including 13 019 people (48.1%) diagnosed during the preceding five years.

CONCLUSION: Although the decline in the mortality rate was projected to continue, the projected increases in the incidence and prevalence of multiple myeloma in Australia over the next 25 years indicate that investment in prevention and early detection research, and planning for prolonged treatment and care, are needed.

PMID:39003689 | DOI:10.5694/mja2.52366

Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2024 Jul;35(7):e14200. doi: 10.1111/pai.14200.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39003688 | DOI:10.1111/pai.14200

Med J Aust. 2024 Jul 15;221(2):117-118. doi: 10.5694/mja2.52364. Epub 2024 Jun 22.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:39003686 | DOI:10.5694/mja2.52364

Orthod Craniofac Res. 2024 Jul 14. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12836. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) divides the maxillary arch into three segments, separated from each other, resulting in abnormal growth of the alveolar arch. This study evaluated the maxillary arch dimensions in BCLP and compared them with neonates without craniofacial anomalies.

METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary cleft centre. Sixty-six neonates aged 0-5 months were divided into two groups: cleft group-children with BCLP (23 boys and 18 girls) and control group-children without craniofacial deformities (15 boys and 10 girls). The dental models were processed by a 3D scanner. Landmarks were marked to achieve inter-canine distance, inter-tuberosity distance and arch length measurements. t-Tests were used for intergroup comparisons (p < .05).

RESULTS: The maxillary cleft arch was demonstrated to be wider and longer in the posterior region compared to the control group. The inter-canine distance did not present differences between the cleft and controls. The inter-canine distance of the control group was the only measurement influenced by the variable sex.

CONCLUSIONS: The cleft significantly interfered with the arch posterior width and arch sagittal length, making them larger. There was no statistical difference in the measurements between sex in the cleft group.

PMID:39003677 | DOI:10.1111/ocr.12836