Nevin Manimala

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Oct;33(10):1124-1129. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1124.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To find the frequency of hearing loss in newly diagnosed patients with fibromyalgia (FM), and the factors affecting it.

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Turkey, from March 2021 to November 2022.

METHODOLOGY: Patients with FM and gender/age matched controls were compared with pure-tone audiometric (PTA), and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOE) tests after standardised otorhinolaryngologic assessment The subjects were questioned for NSAID uptake and scored with ASAS-NSAID score.

RESULTS: There were 33 patients with FM and 32 healthy volunteers. Subjective tinnitus, dizziness, and hearing loss rate in the FM group were 12%, 18%, and 15%, respectively. PTA air and bone conduction studies yielded significant differences between the control and FM group (p<0.05). The statistical difference was pronounced in higher frequencies. TEOE tests showed the FM group had significantly lower scores when compared to the control group at 3000 Hz and 4000 Hz (p<0.05). The median ASAS-NSAID scores were 0 for the control group and 7.78 for the FM group (p <0.001).

CONCLUSION: Patients with FM had high rate of audiometric hearing loss of the sensorineural type. The abnormalities were more prominent in the high frequencies but also present in the low frequencies.

KEY WORDS: Fibromyalgia syndrome, Hearing loss, Audiometry, Ototoxicity, Central sensitisation.

PMID:37804017 | DOI:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1124

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Oct;33(10):1100-1105. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1100.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of the carotid plaque contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) score and blood homocysteine (HCY) in senile metabolic syndrome (MetS) complicated by cerebral infarction.

STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Ultrasound Imaging, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China, from July 2020 to December 2021.

METHODOLOGY: A total of 118 senile MetS patients complicated by cerebral infarction were selected as Group A, and 103 senile MetS patients without cerebral infarction were selected as Group B. Both groups were compared in terms of cardiovascular risk factors and ultrasonic examination of carotid plaques. The independent risk factors for cerebral infarction among senile MetS patients were analysed using logistic regression. An ROC curve was used to assess the predictive value of statistically significant risk factors in senile MetS complicated by cerebral infarction.

RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in smoking, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, HCY, fasting blood glucose, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, carotid plaque thickness, CEUS score, lumen stenosis, and ulcer plaque between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the plaque CEUS score and HCY were independent risk factors for senile MetS complicated by cerebral infarction. The areas under the ROC curve for the CEUS score and HCY were 0.795 and 0.812, respectively, and was 0.858 for the combined diagnosis of both. When the CEUS score was ≥2 and HCY was ≥16.45 mmol/l, the sensitivity and specificity of predicted senile MetS complicated by cerebral infarction were 83.1% and 74.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The carotid plaque CEUS score and blood HCY exhibit a substantial predictive capacity for cerebral infarction in elderly MetS patients. The combined diagnostic efficacy of the two is superior.

KEY WORDS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Homocysteine, Elderly, Metabolic syndrome, Cerebral infarction, Carotid plaque.

PMID:37804013 | DOI:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1100

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Oct;33(10):1093-1099. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1093.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse potential molecular mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic regimens and drugs to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Crohn’s disease (CD) through bioinformatics and systems biology.

STUDY DESIGN: Bioinformatics Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China, from May to December 2022.

METHODOLOGY: The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CD and SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified using two RNA-seq datasets (GSE147507, GSE153974) extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Subsequently, functional enrichment, pathway analysis, and candidate drug analysis were performed using these DEGs.

RESULTS: In total, 44 DEGs were identified as common between CD and SARS-CoV-2 infection. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, hub genes were identified, and critical modules were determined by means of bioinformatics and combinatorial statistical approaches. Functional and pathway analyses conducted under ontological conditions showed a common association between CD and infection with SARS-CoV-2. The common DEGs were then used to identify coregulatory networks of interactions between transcriptional factors and genes, between proteins and medicines, and between DEGs and miRNAs.

CONCLUSION: Top 10 hub genes including IL6, CXCL1, CSF2, CXCL2, CXCL5, MMP3, PTGS2, CXCL3, SELE, and LCN2 were identified, which may function as potential candidate targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, the identification of certain promising treatment drugs for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and CD was also made.

KEY WORDS: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Drug molecule, Hub gene, Protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene ontology, Crohn’s disease, Differentially expressed genes.

PMID:37804012 | DOI:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1093

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Oct;33(10):1087-1092. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1087.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of diagnosis of pulmonary nodules using artificial intelligence method.

STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China, from January 2020 to May 2021.

METHODOLOGY: An analysis of clinical characteristics exhibited by 32 patients initially diagnosed with malignant tumours through imaging (LDCT) and artificial intelligence (AI), was reclassified as having benign lesions following surgical intervention. Quantitative parameters were assessed, including CT mean value, kurtosis, skewness, solid ratio, and the ratio of length to short diameter, within a cohort of 32 benign patients juxtaposed with 58 patients diagnosed with lung cancer during the same time frame. The AI-derived parameters were subjected to Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test.

RESULTS: A total of 32 benign pulmonary lesions were evaluated that were initially misdiagnosed as malignant prior to surgery. These lesions displayed an average length of (18.56 ± 12.16) mm, with the majority characterised as solid (68.8%). Notably, a substantial proportion of these lesions exhibited imaging features akin to malignant growths. The AI-derived quantitative parameters of the 32 benign cases and the 58 malignant cases revealed statistical significance in average CT value and solid ratio. However, statistical significance was not established for kurtosis, skewness, or the ratio of length to short diameter. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for average CT value and solid ratio stood at 0.71 and 0.705, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Among the cases initially misdiagnosed as malignant yet subsequently identified as benign, a notable number of these instances were solid nodules, often resembling malignant lesions in imaging characteristics. There was moderate discriminatory capacity for average CT value and solid ratio, rendering them valuable tools for distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions within this particular cohort. This underscores their high diagnostic significance.

KEY WORDS: Artificial intelligence, Benign lesions of lung, Lung cancer, Quantitative parameters, Postoperative.

PMID:37804011 | DOI:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.10.1087

Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2023 Oct 7. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51914. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We explored various prognostic factors of motor outcomes in corticosteroid-naive boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).

METHODS: The associations between parent-reported neurodevelopmental concerns (speech delay, speech and language difficulties (SLD), and learning difficulties), DMD mutation location, and motor outcomes (6-minute walk distance (6MWD), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) total score, 10-meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity) were studied in 196 corticosteroid-naive boys from ages 4 to less than 8 years.

RESULTS: Participants with SLD walked 25.8 fewer meters in 6 minutes than those without SLD (p = 0.005) but did not demonstrate statistical differences in NSAA total score, 10-meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity. Participants with distal DMD mutations with learning difficulties walked 51.8 fewer meters in 6 minutes than those without learning difficulties (p = 0.0007). Participants with distal DMD mutations were slower on 10-meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity (p = 0.02) than those with proximal DMD mutations. Participants with distal DMD mutations, who reported speech delay or learning difficulties, were slower on rise from floor velocity (p = 0.04, p = 0.01) than those with proximal DMD mutations. The mean NSAA total score was lower in participants with learning difficulties than in those without (p = 0.004).

INTERPRETATION: Corticosteroid-naive boys with DMD with distal DMD mutations may perform worse on some timed function tests, and that those with learning difficulties may perform worse on the NSAA. Pending confirmatory studies, our data underscore the importance of considering co-existing neurodevelopmental symptoms on motor outcome measures.

PMID:37804000 | DOI:10.1002/acn3.51914

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2023 Jun;32(3):328-331.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the reasons for cancellation of oral and maxillofacial day surgery on the same day, and to propose countermeasures, so as to provide reference for improving the work efficiency and medical quality of day surgery ward.

METHODS: The number of oral and maxillofacial day surgery cancellation cases in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021 was calculated and then the relevant causes were analyzed.

RESULTS: During the statistical period, a total of 3134 patients underwent oral and maxillofacial day surgery. Among them, 72 (2.30%) cases were canceled of day surgery on the same day. Cancellation of oral and maxillofacial day surgery was as followed: patient-related factors(31, 43.05%), disease-related factors (28, 38.89%), epidemic of Covid 19-related(10, 13.89%), and hospital-related factors(3, 4.17%). The top three departments of oral and maxillofacial day surgery cancellation were Department of Preventive Dentistry(7, 7.37%), Department of Oral Surgery(22, 6.56%) and Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery(18,2.77%).

CONCLUSIONS: The cancellation rate of oral and maxillofacial day surgery can be reduced by strengthening screening in anesthesia assessment at outpatient clinic, strengthening doctor-patient communication, strengthening health education and epidemic prevention and control in day outpatient management center.

PMID:37803993

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2023 Jun;32(3):323-327.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the difference in the retention effect of 3D printing resin splint and Hawley retainer combined with lingual retention wire in periodontal disease patients after orthodontic treatment.

METHODS: Forty patients who finished orthodontic treatment for periodontal disease from January 2021 to February 2022 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method, with 20 patients in each group. Patients in the experimental group used 3D printing resin splint for retention, while patients in the control group used Hawley retainer combined with a lingual retention wire for retention. The chair-side operation time of the retainers was recorded for both groups. The maxillary and mandibular cuspid width, molar width, overjet, overbite and irregularity index were measured at 1 month and 6 months after orthodontic treatment in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 12.0 software package.

RESULTS: The mean time for chair-side manipulation of experimental group and control group was 8.23, 11.17 min, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05) when comparing the width of the maxillary and mandibular cusps, the width of the molars, overjet, overbite and the irregularity index after 1 month and 6 months of wear of the retainers, which were significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group at 6 months(P＜0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: 3D printing resin splint, with short chair-side manipulation time, was more effective than Hawley retainer combined with a lingual retention wire, and the efficacy of both groups was otherwise generally consistent.

PMID:37803992

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2023 Jun;32(3):314-317.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical value of multislice CT(MSCT) for measuring the anatomical position of the mandibular nerve canal during implantation in the posterior mandibular regions.

METHODS: A total of 109 patients with mandibular posterior dental implants were included,and the linear distance between the alveolar ridge and the mandibular nerve canal in the posterior mandibular region to be implanted was measured by MSCT and CBCT before implantation. All 109 patients were divided into the MSCT navigation group and CBCT navigation group, and the imaging data from both groups were imported into the dynamic real-time navigation system for implant design, in parallel and in real time. The patients in both groups underwent MSCT or CBCT to measure the deviation of the actual position of the implant from the preoperative design position, including the deviation of the cervical centrum and apical part of the implant and the deviation of the distance between the implant and the mandibular nerve canal, and to assess their clinical results after treatment. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 21.0 software package.

RESULTS: The deviations from the linear spacing between the top of the alveolar ridge and the upper arm of the mandibular nerve canal of the different dental implants in the area to be implanted were detected by MSCT as well as CBCT methods with no significant difference. In addition, there was no significant difference in the cervical deviation, tip deviation, depth deviation, angular deviation and deviation of the spacing between the implant and the mandibular nerve canal in the postoperative implant position in MSCT navigation group compared to the preoperative implant design position in CBCT navigation group. There was also no significant difference in the incidence of functional impairment of the inferior alveolar nerve between CBCT-guided and MSCT-guided group of patients.

CONCLUSIONS: MSCT can achieve precise localization of the anatomical structures of the mandibular nerve canal, and the operation according to MSCT navigation during dynamic real-time guided dental implant surgery can avoid damage to the inferior alveolar nerve.

PMID:37803990

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2023 Jun;32(3):276-279.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the red and white aesthetic effect of porcelain veneer in the restoration of developmental anterior interdental spaces.

METHODS: A total of 152 anterior teeth in 64 patients with developmental anterior dental gaps were restored using porcelain veneers, the aesthetic effects before and after restoration were evaluated by pink aesthetic index (PES) and white aesthetic index(WES), the aesthetic effect of gingival papilla filling and reconstruction was evaluated by interdental gingival papilla index (PIS), and visual analogue score (VAS) was used to compare the satisfaction of patients before and after restoration. SPSS 203.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: The overall mean scores of PES before and after restoration of 152 developmental anterior interdental teeth were 9.63±2.23 and 13.64±0.88, respectively. The average scores of WES before and after restoration were 6.85±1.87 and 9.81±0.58, respectively. There were significant differences of PES and WES scores before and after restoration(P＜0.01). According to the requirements of “near” perfect restoration(PES≥13 points, WES≥9 points), the red and white aesthetic effect after restoration was near the standard. The scores of PIS before and after restoration were 1.86±0.67 and 2.97±0.18, the interdental gingival papilla was completely filled with space, and the shape was ideal, there were significant statistical differences before and after restoration(P＜0.01). Patients were more satisfied with the smile curve and morphology of the restored anterior teeth than other parameters.

CONCLUSIONS: The aesthetic effect of using porcelain veneers to repair developmental anterior interdental gaps is ideal, among which the filling of the papillae between the teeth can meet the expectations of patients, and the aesthetic effect evaluation of PIS and PES/WES applied to porcelain veneers to repair developmental anterior interdental spaces has practical guiding significance in clinical practice.

PMID:37803983

Int J Paediatr Dent. 2023 Oct 6. doi: 10.1111/ipd.13128. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES-QC) has been developed to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) associated with caries.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the CARIES-QC in the Turkish-speaking population following its translation and adaptation into Turkish (CARIES-QC/T).

DESIGN: Two hundred and fifty children between the ages of 5 and 16 years who have active dental caries were included in the study and answered the Turkish-translated and cross-culturally adapted final version of CARIES-QC/T. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were used to examine the reliability of the CARIES-QC/T. Factor structure of CARIES-QC/T was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and convergent validity was determined.

RESULTS: Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s ômega values were 0.907 and 0.908, respectively. For the CARIES-QC/T scale, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value was 0.933, and polychoric correlations ranged from 0.390 to 0.794. The convergent validity of the items revealed a statistically significant correlation with the global question (r_s = 0.821, p < .001). The EFA results of CARIES-QC/T suggested a one-factor solution and explained 59.7% of the total variance.

CONCLUSION: The findings provided supporting evidence that the CARIES-QC/T could be used as a tool for measuring OHRQoL in healthy Turkish-speaking children aged 5-16 years with active caries.

PMID:37803497 | DOI:10.1111/ipd.13128