Nevin Manimala

An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Dec 11;95(4):e20200656. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200656. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

This study estimated biomass and carbon from components, future carbon values ​​and to obtain economic productive value of carbon fixation of a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. Biomass and carbon were estimated using adjusted equations and selected using regression statistics. The prognosis of the diametric distribution was performed using the movement ratio method. In the economic evaluation, it was estimated productive value of the stand, referring to the current and future carbon fixation capacity. The coefficients of determination (adjusted R²) of the equations ranged from 0.11 to 0.90 and the standard error of the estimate (Syx) ranged from 41.53% to 141.89% for the biomass of the components, and from 0.03 to 0.87 for adjusted R² and from 46.20% to 143.64% for the error, for stored carbon in the components. The total biomass of the tree component estimated was 56.25 t ha-1 and 25.88 t ha-1 of total carbon. Using the future distributions by the method of the ratio of movements, total stored carbon (aerial + roots) estimated was 14.44 t. ha-1 over the 20-year period. The productive value for the fragment reached R$ 299.95 per ha. year-1.

PMID:38088704 | DOI:10.1590/0001-3765202320200656

An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Dec 11;95(4):e20191247. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320191247. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Understanding the spatial pattern of a particular geographic phenomenon such as deforestation is a key issue to establish monitoring programs to prevent the depletion of natural resources. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the spatial pattern of deforested areas in the Pardo and Jequitinhonha River basins using Ripley’s K function. First, we mapped all deforested areas in these basins using Landsat multispectral imagery from 2007 to 2015. Then, we used the Ripley’s K function to test for spatial interactions between deforestation events. Our results showed that deforestations predominantly occur in a clustering spatial pattern in these basins. Spatial statistical analyses as Ripley’s K function may provide a baseline for deforestation monitoring, as well as allowing us to understand the spatial pattern of deforestation in different natural ecosystems, especially in countries like Brazil, where the territorial dimension presents a great difficulty for the effectiveness of deforestation monitoring.

PMID:38088697 | DOI:10.1590/0001-3765202320191247

Sao Paulo Med J. 2023 Dec 8;142(3):e2022488. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0488.R1.070723. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is often regarded as the preferred therapy for end-stage renal disease. Several surgical procedures have been developed to reduce postoperative donor complications, while maintaining kidney quality.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of living kidney donors who underwent either transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy or open nephrectomy.

DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study conducted in Istanbul, Turkey.

METHODS: Fifty-five living-related kidney donors underwent nephrectomy and were retrospectively divided into two groups: 21 donors who underwent open nephrectomy (Group 1) and 34 donors who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy (Group 2).

RESULTS: In comparison to the donors who underwent open nephrectomy, those who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy had significantly shorter postoperative hospital stays (2.3 ± 0.2 versus 3.8 ± 0.8 days, P = 0.003), duration of urinary catheterization (1.2 ± 0.8 days versus 2.0 ± 0.7 days, P = 0.0001), operating times (210 ± 27 minutes versus 185 ± 24 minutes, P = 0.02), and less blood loss (86 ml versus 142 ml, P = 0.048). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to the estimated blood transfusion and warm ischemia time. The preoperative week, first postoperative week, and 1-month postoperative serum creatinine levels were comparable between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy can be safely performed at centers with expertise in laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has better outcomes than open donor nephrectomy in terms of length of hospital stay, duration of urinary catheterization, operating time, and blood loss.

PMID:38088685 | DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0488.R1.070723

Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Dec 11;42:e2023053. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023053. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the newborn population with Patau (T13) and Edwards Syndrome (T18) with congenital heart diseases that stayed in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a quaternary care hospital complex, regarding surgical and non-surgical medical procedures, palliative care, and outcomes.

METHODS: Descriptive case series conducted from January/2014 to December/2018 through analysis of records of patients with positive karyotype for T13 or T18 who stayed in the ICU of a quaternary hospital. Descriptive statistics analysis was applied.

RESULTS: 33 records of eligible patients were identified: 27 with T18 (82%), and 6 T13 (18%); 64% female and 36% male. Eight were preterm infants with gestational age between 30-36 weeks (24%), and only 4 among the 33 infants had a birth weight >2500 g (12%). Four patients underwent heart surgery and one of them died. Intrahospital mortality was 83% for T13, and 59% for T18. The majority had other malformations and underwent other surgical procedures. Palliative care was offered to 54% of the patients. The median hospitalization time for T18 and T13 was 29 days (range: 2-304) and 25 days (13-58), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with T13 and T18 have high morbidity and mortality, and long hospital and ICU stays. Multicentric studies are needed to allow the analysis of important aspects for creating protocols that, seeking therapeutic proportionality, may bring better quality of life for patients and their families.

PMID:38088680 | DOI:10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023053

Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Dec 11;42:e2023030. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023030. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze pulmonary function and respiratory mechanics parameters between healthy children and children with cystic fibrosis.

METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study included healthy children (HSG) and children with cystic fibrosis (CFG), aged 6-13 years, from teaching institutions and a reference center for cystic fibrosis in Florianópolis/SC, Brazil. The patients were paired by age and sex. Initially, an anthropometric evaluation was undertaken to pair the sample characteristics in both groups; the medical records of CFG were consulted for bacterial colonization, genotype, and disease severity (Schwachman-Doershuk Score – SDS) data. Spirometry and impulse oscillometry were used to assess pulmonary function.

RESULTS: In total, 110 children were included, 55 in each group. In the CFG group, 58.2% were classified as excellent by SDS, 49.1% showed the ΔF508 heterozygotic genotype, and 67.3% were colonized by some pathogens. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between both groups (p<0.05) in most pulmonary function parameters and respiratory mechanics.

CONCLUSIONS: Children with cystic fibrosis showed obstructive ventilatory disorders and compromised peripheral airways compared with healthy children. These findings reinforce the early changes in pulmonary function and mechanics associated with this disease.

PMID:38088678 | DOI:10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023030

Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 Dec 8;76Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e20230102. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0102. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to determine risk factors for suicidal behavior among students and employees of a federal public university in the Brazilian Western Amazon.

METHODS: an analytical cross-sectional study of survey and association between variables with a sample of 475 participants. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Mann-Whitney test, Pearson’s chi-square test, likelihood ratio test or Fisher’s exact test and a logistic regression model. A significance level of 5% was used (p-value< 0.05).

RESULTS: a higher proportion of suicidal behavior was found in younger participants, females, who had no religion or had one, but were non-practicing, who did not have children and/or had a monthly family income of less than two minimum wages. Lower proportions of suicidal behavior were identified in heterosexuals and/or married or in a stable relationship.

CONCLUSION: the study suggests a relationship between sociodemographic factors and suicidal behavior in the studied academic community.

PMID:38088661 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0102

Rev Bras Enferm. 2023 Dec 8;76Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e20220785. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0785. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to identify the prevalence and associations of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication use among older adults with hypertension treated in primary care.

METHODS: a cross-sectional study carried out with older adults with hypertension treated at a Family Health Strategy unit. Data collection included analysis of medical records, interviews and multidimensional assessment of older adults. Socio-demographic information and clinical variables were collected. Statistical analysis was performed by multiple logistic regression.

RESULTS: polypharmacy prevalence was 38.09%, and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM), 28.57%. There was a significant association between polypharmacy and PIM use, altered sleep and ethnicity. PIM use was associated with polypharmacy, worse family functioning, and absence of a caregiver. Cognitive decline reduces the prevalence of these medications.

CONCLUSIONS: polypharmacy and PIM use among older adults with hypertension represent a problem in this population, especially among the most vulnerable.

PMID:38088658 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0785

An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Dec 8;95(suppl 3):e20230283. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230283. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Microplastics are ubiquitous contaminants of marine ecosystems around the world and Antarctica is no exception. Microplastics can be influenced by sedimentary dynamics mainly on coastal areas where they are more abundant in Antarctica. This study evaluated microplastic contamination in beach environments from two Antarctic Specially Protected Areas, aiming to identify relationships between microplastic numbers and sedimentological parameters on beach sediments. Low numbers of microplastics were found (> 0.5 mm; fibers excluded) – one particle per sample in 4 of 15 samples analyzed – and there is no evidence of widespread contamination. Sedimentological parameters reveal differences between sampled environments, but low numbers of microplastics impaired statistical comparison. All sediment samples are coarse, denoting highenergy depositional environments that are likely little susceptible to microplastic accumulation. Microplastic contamination in the Antarctic coastal ecosystem is heterogeneous, and their detailed characterization assisted by a systematization of methods can improve the understanding of microplastics distribution patterns in the cold coastal ecosystem.

PMID:38088640 | DOI:10.1590/0001-3765202320230283

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2023 Dec 8;32(3):e2023466. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000300013.en. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the temporal trend and magnitude of occupational accident indicators among Social Security beneficiaries in Brazil and its regions from 2009 to 2019.

METHODS: A time series study was conducted on occupational accident indicators in the regions of Brazil, from 2009 to 2019. Data were retrieved from the Statistical Yearbook of Occupational Accidents and the Statistical Yearbook of Social Security. Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression models were used to estimate trends, and annual percentage change and their respective 95% confidence intervals were obtained.

RESULTS: There were 7,253,923 occupational accidents during the study period. The average incidence rate was 16.3 per 1,000 employment relationships, with a decreasing trend (APC = 4.3%; 95%CI -5.63;-3.26).

CONCLUSION: Brazil and its regions showed an overall decreasing trend in indicators representing morbidity burden and the magnitude of occupational accidents.

MAIN RESULTS: In Brazil, despite regional inequalities, there has been a decrease in occupational accident rates reported to Social Security.

IMPLICATIONS FOR SERVICES: The results suggest improvements in working conditions, control and prevention of occupational accidents among these workers and contribute to targeting measures to prevent and control these diseases in the regions with the highest incidence.

PERSPECTIVES: Further research could explore trends according to professional category and economic activity sector, aimed at improving the monitoring of safety conditions and the wellbeing of workers in the regions of Brazil.

PMID:38088633 | DOI:10.1590/S2237-96222023000300013.en

Pol J Vet Sci. 2023 Dec 12;26(4):715-721. doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.148291.

ABSTRACT

Listeria (L.) monocytogenes is the causative agent of human listeriosis, the frequent sourceof which is food of animal origin. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the viability of Listeria in carrot juice and compound feed inoculated with L. monocytogenes. The effect of homogenous cultures of Streptococcus (Str.) lactis distaticus, Str. thermophilus and Lactobacillus (Lac.) lactis subsp. Cremoris and the combination of Str. thermophilus with Lac. bulgaricus in the carrot juice and compound feed samples on viability of inoculated L. monocytogenes were examined. There were no statistically significant differences in the results between the experimental groups. Regardless of used LAB, the results showed that the mean pH values in the carrot juice samples decreased from an initial pH of 6.7 to a mean value of 3.7 on 15 experimental day. The Listeria concentration in carrot juice samples decreased from average of 4.94 on day 5 to 3.24 log CFU/mL on day 10, and on day 15 achieved <0.01 log CFU/mL. In the compound feed trials, the pH decreased average from initial 6.5 to 3.7 on day 15. The concentration of Listeria decreased, similarly to the carrot juice samples, from average 5.0 on day 5 to 4.68 on day 10, and on day 15 achieved <0.01 log CFU/mL. In control samples, the number of Listeria increased throughout the study period and amounted to 9.2-9.84 log CFU/mL/g in all the samples. The activity of LAB has been shown to be antagonistic to L. monocytogenes. The results of the study did not show any clear differences between the used LAB strains in limiting the L. monocytogenes concentration. Based on the obtained results it can be conducted that the addition of LAB to animal food increases its microbiological safety.

PMID:38088590 | DOI:10.24425/pjvs.2023.148291