Nevin Manimala

J Periodontol. 2025 Aug 21. doi: 10.1002/JPER.24-0735. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both autoimmune hypothyroidism and periodontal disease. The cumulative effect of these inflammatory markers may lead to extensive periodontal breakdown. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, to correlate clinical attachment loss (CAL), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) with anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in autoimmune hypothyroid patients and systemically healthy subjects.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised of 65 autoimmune hypothyroid patients under treatment and 75 systemically healthy subjects. All participants were evaluated for periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), CAL, oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S Index), Plaque Index (PI) and PISA) and systemic parameters (T3, T4, TSH, anti-TPO antibody, and CRP). Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data was done by unpaired t-test and Chi-Square test, respectively.

RESULTS: Prevalence and severity of periodontitis in the autoimmune hypothyroid group were significantly higher compared with the systemically healthy group (p < 0.001). CAL, PISA, T3, TSH, and anti-TPO antibody were significantly higher in the autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. Mean CAL and PISA were positively correlated with anti-TPO antibody, T3, T4, TSH, and CRP. The multivariate linear regression model with dependent variable mean CAL showed that anti-TPO antibody was significantly associated with mean CAL (β = 0.001, p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS: Autoimmune hypothyroid subjects exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis compared with the systemically healthy group. BoP, PPD, CAL and PISA were also higher in autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. A statistically significant positive correlation of CAL, and PISA with anti-TPO antibody, T3, TSH, and CRP was observed.

PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This study assessed the link between autoimmune hypothyroidism (a condition characterized by decreased thyroid function) and periodontitis by comparing 65 individuals with autoimmune hypothyroidism undergoing treatment to 75 healthy subjects. This research measured periodontal health indicators, thyroid hormone levels, and inflammatory markers. Results indicated that those with autoimmune hypothyroidism experienced more severe periodontal disease and increased periodontal tissue loss. They also showed elevated levels of specific thyroid antibodies and thyroid hormonal imbalances. Importantly, a significant positive association was found between the extent of periodontal tissue loss and these thyroid-related markers, especially the anti-TPO antibody. In conclusion, individuals with autoimmune hypothyroidism are at a higher risk for severe periodontal disease, suggesting a relationship between thyroid dysfunction and periodontal health. Therefore, it is crucial for both periodontists and endocrinologists to recognize this association when planning appropriate treatments.

PMID:40838332 | DOI:10.1002/JPER.24-0735

Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2025 Aug 21. doi: 10.1039/d5cp01466b. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The bimolecular reactions between CH₃F and H₂⁺, HD⁺ and D₂⁺ have been studied in the range of collision energies between ∼0 and k_B × 30 K using a merged-beam approach. The ion-molecule reactions were investigated following photoexciting of H₂ (HD, D₂) to high Rydberg states in a supersonic beam, merging the Rydberg-molecule beam with a cold supersonic beam of CH₃F using a surface-electrode Rydberg-Stark deflector and monitoring the CH₃⁺, CH₂F⁺ and CH₃F⁺ ions generated by the reactions of H₂⁺ (HD⁺, D₂⁺) with CH₃F within the distant orbit of the Rydberg electron. In all three reaction systems, a strong increase of the rate coefficients was observed at collision energies below k_B × 4 K. Branching ratios for the formation of CH₃⁺, CH₂F⁺ and CH₃F⁺ were measured for all three reactions as a function of the collision energy. The branching ratio for the formation of CH₃⁺ was found to decrease with increasing deuteration of the hydrogen molecular ion and to increase at collision energies below k_B × 4 K. The experimental results were interpreted using model calculations based on a rotationally adiabatic capture model as well as using classical trajectory simulations. The reaction products are shown to be generated in two distinct mechanisms: electron transfer leading to a dominant CH₂F⁺ and a weaker CH₃F⁺ product channel, and short-range complex formation leading predominantly to CH₃⁺ by F^– transfer, with a weaker contribution of CH₂F⁺ by H^– transfer. The model calculations highlight the role played by quantum-statistical and stereodynamical effects associated with the J = 1, |K| = 1 ground state of para-CH₃F and by the reduced mass of the colliding partners: the orientation of CH₃F molecules induced by the electric field of the ion favours the production of CH₃⁺ by F^– transfer at low collision energies and the slower approach of the reaction partners with increasing reduced mass favours electron transfer at intermediate distances.

PMID:40838331 | DOI:10.1039/d5cp01466b

Vasa. 2025 Aug 21. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001225. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Background: We investigated the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in preventing native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction. Patients and methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of antiplatelet therapy following native AVF creation were eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoint was AVF primary patency. Secondary endpoints included AVF maturation, abandonment, and overall bleeding. Results: Twelve RCTs, comprising 2,491 patients, were incorporated in the analysis. The included studies assessed aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, and dypiridamole across various dosing regimens. The postoperative administration of antiplatelets, regardless of the specific drug or dose, was associated with improved AVF primary patency compared to controls or placebo, odds ratio (OR) 2.28 (95% CI: 1.42-3.65). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences for aspirin 100mg daily or clopidogrel 75mg daily compared to controls/placebo, with ORs of 1.08 (95% CI: 0.76-1.54) and 2.16 (95% CI: 0.95-4.91), respectively. In contrast, ticlopidine 250mg twice daily significantly improved patency, OR 3.48 (95% CI: 1.46-8.26). Additionally non-statistically significant differences were identified between the antiplatelet and control/placebo groups in terms of maturation, OR 1.58 (95% CI: 0.81-3.09), AVF abandonment, risk ratio (RR) 0.93 (95% CI: 0.58-1.50), or overall bleeding RR 1.18 (95% CI: 0.77-1.81). Finally, meta-regression analysis of the antiplatelet groups pooled estimates revealed a negative association between maturation and follow-up duration (β =-0.1235, p<.01), and treatment duration and abandonment outcomes (β =-0.065, p<.01). Conclusions: This review demonstrated the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in preserving AVF patency, with ticlopidine and clopidogrel emerging as the primary contributors to this outcome. These findings suggest the potentially beneficial role of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonists in maintaining AVF patency.

PMID:40838310 | DOI:10.1024/0301-1526/a001225

ANZ J Surg. 2025 Aug 21. doi: 10.1111/ans.70279. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pelvic exenteration (PE) including en-block resection of two or more adjacent pelvic organs, regional lymph nodes, and pelvic side wall is a major surgical undertaking with associated morbidity. This study aims to assess the rate of urological intervention and complications of PE at an Australian quaternary centre.

METHODS: Patients undergoing PE with a genitourinary component between January 2003 and July 2021 were included. Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Complications were defined as early (< 30 days) or late (≥ 30 days) using the Clavien-Dindo classification.

RESULTS: A total of 424 patients underwent PE, of whom 213 (50.2%) had a genitourinary component. Early post-operative (30-day) mortality was 0.5% and overall survival was 59.6%. Early urological complications occurred in 106 (49.8%) patients, with 11 (5.2%) experiencing an early urine leak and five (2.3%) sustaining ureteric injury. A late urological complication eventuated in 56 (26.3%) patients, with 19 (8.9%) patients developing non-malignant ureteric stricture requiring upper tract intervention. Chronic kidney disease developed post-operatively in 39 (18.3%) patients at the completion of patient follow-up. Female sex and primary (versus recurrent) malignancy were the only statistically significant predictors of new chronic renal impairment (OR [95% CI] 2.86 (1.33-6.16) and 2.18 (1.09-4.34), respectively). No pre-operative clinicopathological factors predicted urine leak.

CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with PE over a long follow-up period demonstrates urological complication rates consistent with the literature associated with urinary diversion and anastomosis, with expected rates of urine leak and ureteric stricture. Further research is required to better delineate and mitigate risk factors for genitourinary complications.

PMID:40838304 | DOI:10.1111/ans.70279

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jul 23;22(8):1165. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22081165.

ABSTRACT

In the original publication […].

PMID:40838296 | DOI:10.3390/ijerph22081165

An Sist Sanit Navar. 2025 Aug 21;48(2):e1109. doi: 10.23938/ASSN.1109.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nursing quality control combined with intensified psychological care on negative emotions and health outcomes in patients undergoing blood purification.

METHODS: Patients who underwent blood purification at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (China) from January 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled and assigned to either a control or an intervention group using a random number table. Both groups received standard care, while the intervention group additionally received nursing quality control and intensified psychological care. Outcomes compared between groups included negative emotions (assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale scores), quality of life (SF-36), treatment adherence, and complication rates.

RESULTS: Prior to the treatment, both groups (150 patients in each) were comparable in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Hamilton Depression Scale, and SF-36 scores. After the treatment, the intervention group showed significantly greater reduction in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (15.89 vs. 7.19) and Hamilton Depression Scale (12.22 vs. 4.74) scores, and greater improvements in SF-36 scores, particularly in physical functioning (37.99 vs. 22.61and) and mental health (34.48 vs. 18.95). Moreover, treatment adherence was significantly higher in the intervention group (98.67% vs 70%), while the complication rate was markedly lower (10% vs. 35.33%). All differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Nursing quality control combined with intensified psychological care significantly improves negative emotional states and quality of life in patients undergoing blood purification, while also enhancing treatment adherence and reducing the incidence of complications.

PMID:40838287 | DOI:10.23938/ASSN.1109

Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2025 Aug 21. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000005464. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

STUDY DESIGN: Modified Delphi consensus survey.

OBJECTIVE: To survey expert opinion on postoperative return-to-sport (RTS) decisions in athletes requiring cervical spine surgery.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Postoperative sport participation recommendations for athletes requiring cervical spine surgery are lacking, and management of these athletes remains challenging.

METHODS: A cross-sectional, modified Delphi consensus survey investigating RTS decisions in athletes requiring various cervical spine operations was undertaken. A panel of neurosurgery/orthopedic spine surgeons with sport expertise was identified from the United States and Australia. Single and multi-level cervical spine surgical conditions studied included: anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), cervical laminectomy and laminoplasty, posterior cervical fusion, occipito-cervical fusion, C1 fracture, and C1-C2 fusion. A 2×2 scheme was used to classify sport risk based on impact forces and frequency: low impact/low frequency, low impact/high frequency, high impact/low frequency, and high impact/high frequency. Consensus was a-priori defined at ≥70%. Descriptive statistics were performed.

RESULTS: Of the 34 sports spine surgeons invited (56% neurosurgeons and 44% orthopedic surgeons), survey completion was 100%. Consensus was achieved to recommend return to high impact/high frequency sport for individuals with 1-level ACDF, 1-level cervical laminectomy, 1-level posterior cervical fusion, and for a healed C1 fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation. For individuals with a healed occipito-cervical fusion, consensus was achieved to recommend return to low impact/low frequency sport.

CONCLUSIONS: Consensus was achieved to recommend return to high impact/high frequency sport after surgical treatment of a variety of cervical pathologies in athletes. Certain situations received consensus recommendations to return to low impact/low frequency sport, while many others did not reach a consensus. These results provide useful data that can help spine surgeons navigate challenging postoperative RTS decisions.

PMID:40838273 | DOI:10.1097/BRS.0000000000005464

Front Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 5;16:1636838. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1636838. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of late-life depression (LLD) is high, and its most dangerous, serious, and fatal comorbidity is suicide. Therefore, the present study systematically investigates the risk factors for suicide in individuals with LLD, offering empirical support for the development of preventive interventions against suicidal behavior.

METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP, and CBM databases were searched from the inception of each database to February 2025 to identify observational studies of risk factors for suicide in LLD patients. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) were used to ensure study quality. Stata 18.0 software was used to perform a meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis to compute the pooled odds ratio.

RESULTS: A total of 12 studies (eight case-control, two cross-sectional, and two longitudinal studies), with a quality level of medium or above, were included in the analysis. Depression severity (OR = 3.485, 95% CI: 1.385 to 8.769, P = 0.008) was identified as a significant risk factor for suicide in LLD. The age of onset (OR = 0.969, 95% CI: 0.905 to 1.039, P = 0.378) was not statistically significant for the risk of suicide in LLD. The descriptive analysis revealed that suicidal ideation, educational level, N3 sleep duration, odor identification dysfunction, alcohol drinking history, cognitive function, history of major trauma, history of suicide attempts, and high-density lipoprotein were associated with an increased suicide risk in LLD.

CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis has revealed a variety of factors influencing suicide risk in LLD patients. Clinical staff should strengthen the assessment and screening of risk factors and take timely intervention and targeted treatment to reduce the risk of suicide in LLD.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD420251040029.

PMID:40838257 | PMC:PMC12362716 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1636838

Front Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 5;16:1548282. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1548282. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Depression is a significant global public health issue, and Breakfast habits may be related to its onset. This study conducted a meta-analysis of previous studies to analyze the correlation between breakfast and depression, comprehensively evaluated the association between skipping breakfast and the risk of depression, and explored the potential sources of heterogeneity.

METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched(the retrieval time limit for all was from the establishment of the databases to September 1, 2024), English documents were selected from the databases(the research type was observational study), and then the data was extracted and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS) was evaluated for data analysis of the selected studies. This study followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Project (PRISMA) and Prospero Registration Agreement. The mixed-effects model combines the maximum adjusted estimates and measures heterogeneity using the I² statistic. Sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the analysis and assessed publication bias.

RESULTS: A meta-analysis of 12 literatures showed that skipping breakfast was positively correlated with the incidence of depression (RR=1.83, [95%CI 1.52-2.20], τ²: 0.09, I²: 96.37%). Egger test was conducted on the relationship between skipping breakfast and depression, P=0.067 > 0.05, and the result suggested that there was no significant publication bias. Subgroup analysis indicates that current studies in different regions still have deficiencies, and the analysis shows that the occurrence of depression is associated with gender and the sample size of the study.

CONCLUSIONS: Skipping breakfast can increase the risk of depression. It suggests that we should pay attention to having a regular and standardized breakfast to reduce the risk of depression. High heterogeneity may stem from differences in dietary culture and assessment methods. In the future, more research is needed to explore the mechanism and increase studies in different regions.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier PROSPERO CRD42024583486.

PMID:40838254 | PMC:PMC12362717 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1548282

Front Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 5;16:1590850. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1590850. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of P300 event-related potentials (ERPs) as neurophysiological biomarkers for diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to establish preliminary diagnostic thresholds for their use.

METHODS: A total of 106 children diagnosed with ADHD and 66 healthy controls were enrolled. Using a visual Oddball paradigm, P300 parameters were recorded at Fz, Cz, and Pz zones. Key metrics analyzed included P300 amplitude and latency as well as reaction time and correct responses. Statistical tests and logistic regression analysis identified significant group differences, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined the diagnostic performance of these parameters.

RESULTS: Children with ADHD exhibited significantly lower P300 amplitudes and longer latencies across all electrode sites compared to controls. Logistic regression identified Cz amplitude (p = 0.001), Pz amplitude (p = 0.011), maximum reaction time (p = 0.037), and correct response count (p < 0.001) as significant predictors of ADHD. ROC analysis showed that Cz amplitude, Pz amplitude, maximum reaction time, and correct responses achieved AUCs of 0.81, 0.75, 0.72, and 0.86, respectively, with sensitivities ranging from 66% to 80% and specificities from 61% to 95%. These results underscore the diagnostic potential of both electrophysiological and behavioral markers in ADHD assessment.

CONCLUSIONS: Cz and Pz amplitude, maximum reaction time, and correct responses each demonstrated strong diagnostic utility for distinguishing ADHD from typically developing children. The use of these neurophysiological and behavioral indicators as objective complements to traditional clinical assessments.

PMID:40838253 | PMC:PMC12362261 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1590850