Nevin Manimala

Braz Oral Res. 2022 Apr 15;36:e054. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0054. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

This in vitro study evaluated the potential of CO2 laser (10.6 μm) combined with a stannous/fluoride-containing solution for preventing erosion in human/bovine enamel. Forty-eight samples of each substrate were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 12): W – distilled water; E – AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution; L – CO2 laser; and LE – CO2 laser+AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution. After surface treatments, samples were submitted to a 5-day erosive challenge, alternating immersions in 0.5% citric acid (2 minutes, 6x/day) and in artificial saliva. Optical profilometry (μm) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine surface loss and surface morphology, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (p < 0.05). For human enamel, tissue loss was lower in group L (12.37 ± 4.46) than in group W (16.45 ± 2.76), and higher than in the groups treated with AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution (E-5.44 ± 2.37; LE-5.55 ± 2.31). In group L, SEM images reveled a disorganized surface but fewer projections than in group W and LE showed fewer irregularities than W, E, and L. For bovine enamel, tissue loss in group L (13.90 ± 3.50) did not differ from that in group W (14.10 ± 2.98), and was higher than losses in groups E (5.70 ± 2.12) and LE (8.12 ± 2.56), which were statistically similar to each other. Groups W and L had similar aspects of demineralization, whereas groups E and LE showed homogenous surfaces. Surface-treated samples had no changes in their surfaces. CO2 laser was able to slightly prevent surface loss only on human enamel surface, but did not enhance the AmF/NaF/SnCl2 effect on the prevention of enamel erosion.

PMID:35442383 | DOI:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0054

Braz Oral Res. 2022 Apr 15;36:e053. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0053. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the ability of XP-endo Finisher R (FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) to remove filling remnants from curved mesiobuccal canals of maxillary molars, using the passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) technique as a comparison. Twenty-four curved main mesiobuccal canals (MB1) of maxillary molars were instrumented with Wave One (#25/07) and filled with gutta-percha points and AH Plus Sealer. Samples were then re-treated with a standardized protocol with Wave One (#35/06) as the master apical file. Micro-CT scans measured baseline volume of remaining filling material (in mm3). Samples were divided into two groups (n = 12) according to the supplementary cleaning approach: (PUI) or XP-endo Finisher R. Statistics compared baseline and final volume of filling material (within-group); and the percentage of filling material reduction (between-group). Mean baseline volumes, final volumes, and percentages of reduction (%) of filling material for XP-endo Finisher R and PUI were respectively: 0.060 mm3, 0.042 mm3, and 31.28%; and 0.064 mm3, 0.054 mm3, and 16.57%. Both tested protocols reduced the amount of filling material (p < 0.05). XP-endo Finisher R had higher percentage of reduction as compared to PUI (p < 0.05). XP-endo Finisher R and PUI used as supplementary cleaning protocols during re-treatment improved the removal of root filling material in curved canals; but XP-endo Finisher R was approximately twice more efficient. The complete filling material removal during re-treatment procedures is still a challenge. Supplementary cleaning protocols may help to remove the remaining material after the complete mechanical preparation of curved canals. XP-endo Finisher R was approximately twice more efficient than PUI.

PMID:35442382 | DOI:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0053

Braz Oral Res. 2022 Apr 15;36:e052. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0052. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the factors associated with the search by Brazilian and Portuguese dentists for oral health information on social networks during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 597 Brazilian and Portuguese dentists answered an online questionnaire between January 17 and 31, 2021. Respondents were asked about sociodemographic data, weight and height, hours of sleep per night, screen time for work and leisure, and where they sought information about general and/or oral health for themselves and for their loved ones and information about COVID-19. Descriptive statistics and binary regression were used for the statistical analysis. Most participants were Brazilian (62.8%) and 451 (75.5%) were female. Mean age was 42.1 years (± 12.5 years). For every lost hour of sleep, the chances of participants frequently or always searching for information about self-perceived oral health problems on lay websites increased by 1.33 times. For every additional hour spent on social networks or on the Internet, the likelihood of participants frequently searching for self-perceived oral health problems on lay websites increased by 17% (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06-1.30). Individuals who searched the Internet for information about COVID-19 symptoms before consulting their doctors were 3.85 times more likely (95% CI: 2.22-6.67) to frequently or always search for information about self-perceived oral health problems on lay websites. Dentists used lay websites to search for general and oral health knowledge during the COVID-19 pandemic, and shorter sleep duration favored screen use.

PMID:35442381 | DOI:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0052

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022 Mar;68(3):395-399. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211127.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of imipenem combined with glutamine in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with abdominal infection in mainland China using meta-analysis.

METHODS: We searched China National Knowledge Network, Wanfang Medical Network, Chinese Science Citation Database, PubMed, and Embase Databases for publications of imipenem combined with glutamine in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis abdominal infection. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to April 10, 2021. Stata software version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis; the combined effect size odds ratio and standardized mean difference values were calculated for the count data and measurement data, respectively; and the heterogeneity test was performed in this study.

RESULTS: A total of five randomized controlled trials were included. A total of 499 cases were included, with 251 in the observation group and 248 in the control group. Meta-analysis results showed that the efficacy of imipenem combined with glutamine in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with abdominal infection was significantly better than that of imipenem alone (odds ratio=0.78, 95%CI 0.71-0.86, p=0.040).

CONCLUSION: Imipenem combined with glutamine can significantly improve the efficacy in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with abdominal cavity infection.

PMID:35442370 | DOI:10.1590/1806-9282.20211127

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022 Mar;68(3):389-394. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211071.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety experienced by health care workers in different branches during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 373 health care workers. Data were collected using an online questionnaire consisting of the Sociodemographic Form (32 items related to the working conditions of health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic) and the Penn State Concern Questionnaire.

RESULTS: The anxiety levels of the female workers were significantly higher (p<0.001). The total Penn State Concern Questionnaire points were determined to be statistically significantly higher in those who need to protect the family during the pandemic (p=0.03), who were dissatisfied with their profession (p<0.001), and those whose workload had increased during the pandemic (p=0.007).

CONCLUSIONS: The study results demonstrated that the levels of anxiety of health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic could be increased by young age, low level of experience, female gender, increased workload, and dissatisfaction with the profession.

PMID:35442369 | DOI:10.1590/1806-9282.20211071

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022 Mar;68(3):329-336. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210710.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis during a 1-year follow-up by using the EuroQol – 5 Dimensions – 3 Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire.

METHODS: A cohort study was conducted with 100 patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and followed up with face-to-face visits or by telephone contact every 3 months for 1 year. All patients were recruited from a single referral center for bronchiectasis. At the time of recruiting and at the end of 1 year, the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire was applied to evaluate the patients’ quality of life. Variables, such as exacerbation, emergency care, comorbidities, hemoptysis, colonization, and hospitalization, were assessed.

RESULTS: Of the 100 patients, 99 completed the study and 72% were women. There were no marked limitations in the mobility and self-care domains during the follow-up. At the end of the follow-up, 32 patients were extremely anxious or depressed. The quality of life assessed by using EQ-5D-3L had an initial mean score of 0.545 and of 0.589 after 1 year, which was statistically significant (p=0.011).

CONCLUSION: Patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis have a poor quality of life, and the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire may be a tool for monitoring patients with bronchiectasis.

PMID:35442359 | DOI:10.1590/1806-9282.20210710

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022 Mar;68(3):313-317. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210259.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Serum tumor markers are molecules that are secreted by tumor cells and may be present in small amounts in the serum of healthy individuals. Their role as prognostic factors in lung cancer remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic role of CEA, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CA 125 in non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 112 patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer from two Oncology Centers were retrospectively analyzed. Tumor marker levels were measured prior to treatment. Data regarding clinical characteristics and overall survival were collected.

RESULTS: Median overall survival of all patients was 15.97 months. Pre-treatment elevations of CA 125 and CA 15-3 were associated with shorter overall survival (p=0.004 and p=0.014, respectively). Single CEA and CA 19-9 elevations were not associated with a worse prognosis. Patients with two or more elevated markers had a statistically significant decrease in overall survival (p=0.008). In the multivariate analysis, smoking status and number of positive tumor markers at diagnosis were independently associated with a worse prognosis.

CONCLUSION: High pre-treatment levels of tumor markers were correlated with decreased survival in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

PMID:35442356 | DOI:10.1590/1806-9282.20210259

Arq Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan-Mar;59(1):129-136. doi: 10.1590/S0004-2803.202200001-22.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) is the first choice, but living donor transplantation (LDLT) is an alternative to be considered in special situations, such as lack of donated organs and emergencies. So far, there is no consensus on which transplantation method provides better survival and fewer complications, which is still an open point for discussion.

METHODS: This meta-analysis compared the 1, 3, and 5-year patient and graft survival rates of LDLT and DDLT. We included studies published from April-2009 to June-2021 and adopted the generic model of the inverse of variance for the random effect of hazard ratios. The adequacy of the studies was determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale – NOS (WELLS).

RESULTS: For patient survival analysis, we included a total of 32,258 subjects. We found a statistically significant better survival for the LDLT group at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively: 1.35 HR (95%CI 1.10-1.66, P=0.005), 1.26 HR (95%CI 1.09-1.46, P=0.002) and 1.27 HR (95%CI 1.09-1.48, P=0.002). Our meta-analysis evaluated a total of 21,276 grafts. In the overall analysis, the 1-year survival was improved in favor of the LDLT group (1.36 HR, 95%CI 1.16-1.60, P<0.0001), while the 3-year survival (1.13 HR, 95%CI 0.96-1.33, P<0.13), and 5 (0.99 HR, 95%CI 0.74-1.33, P<0.96), did not differ significantly.

CONCLUSION: This metanalysis detected a statistically significant greater 1-, 3- and 5-years patient survival favoring LDLT compared to DDLT as well as a statistically significant difference better 1-year graft survival favoring the LDLT group.

PMID:35442323 | DOI:10.1590/S0004-2803.202200001-22

Rev Bras Enferm. 2022 Apr 15;75(4):e20210478. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0478. eCollection 2022.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to apply an empathy map to assess nursing professionals’ needs, desires, frustrations and aspirations regarding educational actions.

METHODS: a cross-sectional study, carried out in a hospital institution with 164 nursing professionals, who responded to the empathy map, which clarified their participation in institutional educational actions, which were collected from 2019 to 2020, and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: when using the empathy map, educational actions focused on routines predominated, with the sharing of knowledge; promotion of improvements in care; agreement of commitment with proposed actions; insufficient compliance; little incentive to participate; dispersed guidelines among professionals; increased labor demand; and educational activity during the working day.

CONCLUSIONS: the empathy map, applied as an instrument for assessing the institutional educational process, qualified as appropriate educational actions or opportunities to improve significant learning for professional nursing education.

PMID:35442308 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0478

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2022 Apr 20. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000003457. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there are clinical subtypes in children with functional nausea based on comorbidities and responses to the Nausea Profile questionnaire.

METHODS: Patients from the Neurointestinal and Motility Program clinical registry at Lurie Children’s Hospital were included if they met Rome IV criteria for functional nausea. Patients completed the Nausea Profile, a multidimensional measure of nausea with gastrointestinal, emotional and somatic subscales. Comorbidities were assessed by chart review and self-report measures. Latent class analysis was used to identify patient groups based on comorbidities. To assess if model-identified groups were predictive of differences in nausea quality, Nausea Profile subscale means were compared between groups and used to predict group membership. Conversely, k-means analysis was used to divide the sample into groups based upon Nausea Profile subscale scores, to determine if identified groups had different comorbidities.

RESULTS: Seventy-two patients (n = 53 females) with a mean age (± SD) 14.5 ± 2.9 were included. Two clinical subtypes were identified based on comorbidities, with responses on the emotional subscale of the Nausea Profile predicting group membership (p < .04). When patients were grouped by nausea quality, the resulting clusters differed on psychiatric comorbidities (p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the existence of nausea subtypes within the broad diagnosis of functional nausea. One such subtype is an emotional predominant nausea supporting the notion that anxiety and depression comprise a subset of patients with nausea. Thus, patients may benefit from a treatment approach that integrates both GI assessment and psychiatric support in their care.

PMID:35442247 | DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000003457