Nevin Manimala

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Apr 15. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20120-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Greenhouse gas emissions have brought a serious challenge to the global environment and climate. Efficient and accurate prediction of carbon emissions is essential for the decision-making sectors to control growth and formulate policies. Firstly, considering the economic, demographic, and energy factors, a novel nonlinear multivariate grey model (ENGM(1,4)) based on environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is proposed with respect to the data characteristics of the incomplete information of carbon emission of transportation sector. The model integrates the IPAT (“Influence = Population, Affluence, Technology”) equation and the extended atochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology model (STIRPAT). Secondly, the derivation method is used to solve the time response equation of the model and the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm (QPSO) is designed to optimize the model parameters. Then, 18 years of carbon emission data from China, the USA, and Japan are selected as the validation set. Comparative analysis indicates that the prediction accuracy of the statistical models and the intelligent models depends on sufficient samples and complex variables, and has certain limitations in limited sample prediction. The calculation results show that the new model outperforms other models in various evaluation indicators, indicating that its prediction accuracy is higher. Finally, the projections show that in 2019-2025, the average increase in carbon emissions from the transport sector in China and the USA was 2.837% and 2.394%, respectively, while Japan shows a downward trend with an average decline rate of 1.2231%. The analyzed prediction results are consistent with current situation of the three countries and the transport sectors, demonstrating the high accuracy and reliability of the new model.

PMID:35426026 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20120-5

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Apr 15. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20114-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The foundation for many solar energy uses as well as economic and environmental concerns is global solar irradiation information. However, due to solar irradiation and measurement variations, reliable worldwide statistics on solar irradiation are frequently impossible or challenging to acquire. In addition, more precise forecasts of solar irradiation play an increasingly important role in electric energy planning and management due to integrating photovoltaic solar systems into power networks. Hence, this paper proposes a new hybrid model for 1-h ahead solar irradiation forecasting called LGC-GMDH (local gravitational clustering-group method of data handling). The novel LGC-GMDH model is based on local clustering that adequately captures the underlying features of the solar irradiation time series. Each cluster is then forecasted using the GMDH method, which is a self-organized system capable of handling very complicated nonlinear problems. Finally, these local forecasts are reconstructed in order to obtain the global forecast. Comparative study between the proposed model and the traditional individual models such as backpropagation neural network (BP), supporting vector machines (SVM), long short-term memory (LTSM), and hybrid models such as BP-MLP, RNN-MLP, LSTM-MLP hybrid wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), convolutional neural network (CNN) with LSTM-MLP, and ANFIS clustering shows that the proposed model overcomes conventional model deficiencies and achieves more precise predicting outcome.

PMID:35426023 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20114-3

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Apr 14. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20085-5. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Widespread contamination of the superficial, drinking, and groundwater by perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was discovered in the Veneto Region (northeast of Italy) in 2013. Mothers from the contaminated area were concerned about the effects of PFAS on their own and their children’s health. We determined the factors that influenced the perceived risk of PFAS and the presence of self-reported diseases by conducting a study with 384 mothers of children aged 1-13 years living in the contaminated area (Red Zone, Veneto, Italy). Information on demography, the sources of exposure, and the health condition of the mothers was collected through an online survey. The serum PFAS concentration was recorded for some of the participants. We determined the factors influencing the perceived risk, risk of health outcomes, and serum PFAS levels through regression analyses. The PFAS perceived risk of the mothers increased with an increase in the trust in scientific institutions and social media, and when many friends were present, trust in politics and full-time employment had a protective effect. The PFAS perceived risk increased the occurrences of self-reported and autoimmune diseases. Longer residence (> 20 years) in the most exposed area (Red Zone A) increased the frequency of some health outcomes. Serum PFAS concentrations decreased with breastfeeding, but increased with tap water consumption, residence in Red Zone A, and residence time. The PFAS perceived risk of the mothers was associated with many factors that influenced reporting of health issues. The association between PFAS exposure and health outcomes needs further investigation.

PMID:35426015 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20085-5

Ir J Med Sci. 2022 Apr 14. doi: 10.1007/s11845-022-02993-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect other organs aside from those of respiratory system, particularly the kidney, heart, blood, digestive tract, and nervous system. COVID-19 renal compromise consists of different syndromes since proteinuria, hematuria, and acute kidney injury (AKI), until chronic kidney disease. Since COVID-19-induced renal tubular damage has been described as a potential antecedent condition to AKI installation, it was decided to evaluate how COVID-19 affects tubular function.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: Serum inflammatory parameters, urinalysis, and classical urinary indexes in COVID-19 admitted patients who had neither AKI nor chronic kidney disease (CKD) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed by applying Student t test.

RESULTS: Renal tubular function was evaluated in 41 COVID-19 admitted patients who had neither AKI nor CKD. Patients’ mean age was 56 years, males (79%), and with normal creatininemia (0.8 ± 0.2 mg/dL) and eGFR (105.7 ± 6.5 mL/min) values. It was found mild hypocalcemia and a relative increased fractional excretion (FE) of sodium, FE of calcium, FE of phosphorus, calcium-creatinine index, urinary osmolarity, and relative alkaline urine pH values.

CONCLUSION: Tubular dysfunction was documented in COVID-19 patients.

PMID:35426014 | DOI:10.1007/s11845-022-02993-0

Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Apr 14. doi: 10.1007/s00784-022-04482-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to comprehensively delineate the epidemiological and 3-dimensional radiographic characteristics of non-third molar (non-M3) impacted teeth in a Chinese dental population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with impacted teeth except for the third molar (ITEM3) were retrospectively screened via cone-beam CT images from 75,021 patients treated at our institution from June 2012 to December 2018. Demographic and clinical data of patients with ITEM3 were retrieved from medical records. CBCT coupled with 3-dimensional reconstruction was employed to characterize the radiographic features of ITEM3. Associations between these epidemiological, clinical, and radiographic features were further statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: Among 1975 eligible patients, 2467 ITEM3s were identified with a prevalence of 2.63% (1975/75,021). Females slightly outnumbered males with a ratio of 1.12:1. The majority of ITEM3 was single (1577, 79.85%) in the maxilla. The maxillary canine teeth were the most frequently impacted (52.45%), followed by maxillary incisors. The mesioangular position was the most common orientation (43.8%), followed by vertical and buccal-lingual orientations. The most frequently associated lesion was external root resorption of the adjacent tooth, which was significantly correlated with the morphology and position of the impacted tooth.

CONCLUSION: Most ITEM3 was single, mesioangular, found at maxillary canines, sometimes associated with diverse complications. Our data advance the current understanding of ITEM3 and offer insights into the management of this dental abnormality.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings are useful for clinicians to comprehensively understand the prevalence, radiographic features, and complications of non-M3 impacted teeth.

PMID:35426001 | DOI:10.1007/s00784-022-04482-1

Asian Spine J. 2022 Apr 18. doi: 10.31616/asj.2021.0405. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coexisting lumbar spondylosis (LS) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which has clinical implications on the screening, diagnosis, and management of orthopedic patients.

OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Due to current global health trends, the number of affected patients is expected to increase substantially. However, no prior systematic reviews have discussed this topic.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in June 2021 in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Clinical and epidemiological studies that reported quantitative data on the prevalence of coexisting LS and KOA were included. Studies which reported data on only LS or KOA alone were excluded. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for LS or KOA were retrieved or calculated for meta-analysis. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were used, and statistical significance was considered when p<0.05. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic. Risk of bias was assessed using the MINORs (methodological index for nonrandomized studies) criteria.

RESULTS: This review included nine studies (5,758 patients). Four studies (4,164 patients) defined KOA and LS by a Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade of ≥2 and were included in the meta-analysis. Two other studies defined KOA and LS by a joint space narrowing grade of ≥2. The remaining three studies reported other outcomes. The combined ORs of having KOA of KL grade ≥2 due to LS was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.22-2.50; p=0.002), while the combined OR of having LS of KL grade ≥2 due to KOA was 1.84 (95% CI, 1.23-2.77; p=0.003).

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with either KOA or LS, the odds of having a concurrent knee-spine presentation are significantly increased. This may have implications for clinical decision-making and treatment strategies. Further high-level studies with larger patient populations are required to confirm these results in specific populations.

PMID:35421911 | DOI:10.31616/asj.2021.0405

Angle Orthod. 2022 May 1;92(3):347-352. doi: 10.2319/121520-1009.1.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate root resorption of lower incisors and canines quantitatively in a group of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with piezocision and/or a collagen reinforcement technique with a fully resorbable three-dimensional (3D) collagen xenograft matrix compared with a control group.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample of this secondary analysis consisted of 32 periodontally healthy patients with angle Class I malocclusion or mild Class II or III malocclusion and moderate irregularity index scores who underwent orthodontic treatment and had before (T0) and after treatment (T1) cone-beam computed tomography scans. Root resorption of lower incisors and canines was assessed quantitatively in the following four groups: the control group received orthodontic treatment without piezocision, experimental group 1 received orthodontic treatment with piezocision, experimental group 2 received orthodontic treatment with piezocision and a 3D collagen matrix, and experimental group 3 received orthodontic treatment with a 3D collagen matrix.

RESULTS: An overall statistically significant decrease in root length from T0 to T1 for all groups was observed (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference among the groups in the amount of root length decrease from T0 to T1.

CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontic treatment combined with piezocision does not increase the risk of root resorption of lower incisors and canines when compared with orthodontic treatment without acceleration techniques. More studies with larger samples should be undertaken to confirm these results.

PMID:35421894 | DOI:10.2319/121520-1009.1

Nanoscale. 2022 Apr 14. doi: 10.1039/d1nr06861j. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The DNA toehold mediated strand displacement reaction is one of the semi-synthetic biology technologies for next-generation computers. In this article, we present a framework for a novel nonlinear neural network based on an engineered biochemical circuit, which is constructed by several reaction modules including catalysis, degradation and adjustment reaction modules. The proposed neural network possesses an architecture that is similar to that of an error back propagation neural network, and is built of an input layer, hidden layer and output layer. As a proof of concept, we utilize this nonlinear neural network based on an analog DNA toehold mediated strand displacement reaction circuit to learn the standard quadratic form function and analyze the robustness of the nonlinear neural network toward DNA strand concentration detection, DNA strand displacement reaction rate and noise. Unlike in error back propagation neural networks, the adaptive behavior of this DNA molecular neural network system endows it with supervised learning capability. This investigation will highlight the potential of analog DNA displacement reaction circuits for implementing artificial intelligence.

PMID:35421885 | DOI:10.1039/d1nr06861j

J Chin Med Assoc. 2022 Apr 11. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000730. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is a rare disease, which prognostic factors were difficult to evaluate. Inflammtion markers, like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were used as prognosticators for various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment NLR, and PLR on LAMN.

METHODS: From January 2000 to September 2018, there were 57 patients diagnosed with LAMN in Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Patients diagnosed with mucinous cystadenoma, mucinous tumor with uncertain malignant potential before 2010 were also included based on previous classification. Clinical and pathological data were collected. Patients were separated into high NLR (NLR-H), and low NLR (NLR-L) groups according to cutoff value of 3. Similarly, they were separated into high PLR (PLR-H), and low PLR (PLR-L) groups with cutoff value of 300. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) were analyzed.

RESULTS: Among all patients, the median follow-up time was 42 months. Age, gender, clinical manifestations, type of surgery, T stage were similar in different NLR, PLR groups. Both NLR-H and PLR-H groups had higher rate of M1 stage of diseases (22.7% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.04; 57.1% vs. 8.8%, p < 0.01, resepectively). PLR-H group had more presence of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) (57.1% vs. 15.2%, p = 0.03). In univariate analysis, factors such as age, gender, tumor perforation, operation did not have impact on OS nor RFS. On the other hand, M1b stage is the only significantly poor prognostic factor on RFS. (Hazard ratio= 57.96, 95% confidence interval=5.16-651.23, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION: Both NLR-H and PLR-H had more M1 stage of diseases, but they were not correlated to OS nor RFS. PLR-H group had higher rate of presence PMP. Nevertheless, patients with LAMN and cellular PMP (M1b stage) had a higher rate of recurrence, and other factors showed no statistical difference in OS nor RFS.

PMID:35421867 | DOI:10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000730

Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2022 Apr 14:1-9. doi: 10.1159/000523869. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the molecular sensitization profile of mite allergy in an area with a high environmental exposure of house dust mites (HDM) and storage mites.

METHODS: Skin prick tests were performed with standardized extracts (DIATER, Madrid, Spain). A specific commercial molecular panel (MADx) for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt), Dermatophagoides farinae (Dfar), Lepidoglyphus destructor (Ldt), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Tput), and Blomia tropicalis (Blot) was correlated with clinical parameters in Galician (northwestern of Spain) HDM allergic patients.

RESULTS: Fifty patients (60% female) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All of the patient’s present rhinitis (50), 28% (14) rhinitis and asthma, and 18% (9) atopic dermatitis (AD). Hundred patients had a positive prick test for Dpt, followed by Dfar (92%), Ldt and Tput (74%), and Blot (68%). More than 50% recognized specific IgE for Der p 1, Der p 2, reaching 86% in the case of Der p 23. No statistically significant differences in IgE levels were found between patients with/without asthma and those with mild or moderate-severe rhinitis. Der p 7 was higher among rhinitis patients (p value 0.05). AD relative risk (RR) was increased in patients sensitized to Der f 2, Der p 2, and Der p 23. Der p 10 decreases the risk to have AD (RR 0.80).

CONCLUSION: The evaluation of IgE results in a comprehensive panel of allergens allows differentiation of serological reactivity profiles with their clinical expression, to perform an optimal management. Improvements in component resolved diagnosis and more research on the clinical relevance of mite allergens are needed to achieve a genuine diagnosis leading to specific immunotherapy.

PMID:35421864 | DOI:10.1159/000523869