Nevin Manimala

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):86-95. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.11.

ABSTRACT

This study was to compare the effects of three-dimensional (3D) printed bioactive porous titanium alloy scaffolds (3DP-BPTAS) and rhBMP-2/PLA-loaded sustained-release nanospheres (SRNs) in the treatment of bone defects. In this study, the bioactive porous titanium alloy scaffolds (BPTAS) with different pore sizes were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) technology. The rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs were prepared by the double emulsion solvent volatilization method. The morphology of the two nanomaterials was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The encapsulation rate (ER), drug loading (DL), and in vitro release rate of the SRNs were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and the effects of different particle sizes of BPTAS and SRNs on the proliferation of BMSCs were measured using the Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) method. 42 healthy male rabbits were selected and rolled into a control group (no treatment), a model group (the femoral condyle defect model), an A800 group (model + 800 μm of BPTAS), and an A1000 group (model + 1000 μm of BPTAS), an A1200 group (model + 1200 μm of BPTAS), an A1500 group (model + 1500 μm of BPTAS), and an SNR group (model + rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs). There were 6 rabbits in each group, and they were sacrificed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the surgery. They were performed with general observation, X-ray photography, and histological and biomechanical examinations. According to the Lane-Sandhu bone defect repair tissue X-ray and histological scoring standard, the effect of bone defect repair was evaluated. It was found that the actual pore structure of the scaffold prepared by the SLM process was consistent with the theoretical design. The observation under TEM showed that rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs were approximately round, with an average particle size of 835 nm, and its encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate were 89.02 ± 5.14% and 0.033 ± 0.004%, respectively. The rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs and BPTAS had no statistically obvious increase in the number of cells after cell treatment compared with the control group (P> 0.05). At 12 weeks postoperatively, the stent bone tissue growing distance (SBTGD) in the SRN group was longer than that in the A1000 group (P< 0.01), and that in the A1000 group was better in contrast to the A800, A1200, and A1500 groups (P< 0.01). The Lane-Sandhu X-ray score of the SRN group was better than other groups (P< 0.05). It suggested that 3DP-BPTAS and rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs could repair the bone defects, and rhBMP-2/PLA SRNs were more conducive to the formation of new bone tissue.

PMID:35988202 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.11

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):15-23. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.3.

ABSTRACT

The study focused on the performance of ultrasound imaging in detecting fetal spinal deformities. First, the double emulsification method and the carbodiimide method were used to prepare the target Au-loaded nanorod phase-change nano-level contrast agent-PLGA-Au-PFH-NPs. After being characterized for physical and chemical properties, it was used in ultrasound imaging diagnosis. The results showed that the prepared PLGA-Au-PFH-NPs solution was a milky white suspension, the particle size detected by the laser particle sizer was (376.17±20.74) nm, and the Zeta potential was (-4.82±2.88) mV. Under the light microscope, it showed a spherical shape, uniform size distribution, and a very smooth surface. The encapsulation rate measured by the UV spectrophotometer was (80.63±4.82) %, and there was no significant difference in cell survival rate between different concentrations (P>0.05). Prenatal ultrasound in the observation group accurately diagnosed 10 cases with spinal deformities, and the diagnostic accuracy rate was 50%, including 5 cases of meningocele, 3 cases of invisible spina bifida, 1 case of myelomeningocele, and 1 case of hemivertebrae. In the control group, 7 cases were diagnosed correctly by conventional ultrasound, and the diagnosis accuracy rate was 35%, including 3 cases of meningocele, 3 cases of invisible spina bifida, and 1 case of hemivertebra. The diagnostic accuracy of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, the prepared PLGA-Au-PFH-NPs had good physical and chemical properties. Ultrasound imaging based on the PLGA-Au-PFH-NPs had high accuracy in diagnosing fetal spinal deformities. To a certain extent, it provides a basis for clinical diagnosis of fetal spinal abnormality and some new ideas for ultrasound imaging diagnosis.

PMID:35988201 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.3

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):51-58. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.7.

ABSTRACT

This study was to explore the mechanism of action of nanomaterial-loaded clarithromycin (CLA) after sinusitis surgery. Under the guidance of dynamic enhanced scanning (DES). 120 patients with sinusitis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from July 2019 to March 2020 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. Then, the CLA-containing nano-polylactic acid material was prepared, observed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and its drug release ability was tested. All patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia. After the surgery was completed, patients in the control group were given only CLA capsules, and patients in the observation group were given freshly prepared nanomaterial-loaded CLA, and both groups of patients were continuously observed for two weeks. After that, the patients were examined using the dynamic enhancement computed tomography (CT). The clinical efficacy, serum interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels of the two groups of patients were observed. The secretions of the patients’ sinuses were performed with microbial bacterial culture, and the results were observed and recorded. Results showed that the characterization and analysis of the nano drug-carrying preparation suggested that the polylactic acid nanomembrane showed linear fiber morphology, relatively dense distribution, not greatly different fiber diameter, and small porosity. Characterization under a field of view (FOV) of 500 um showed that the fiber surface was smooth and rich in content. The release of CLA showed a gradual and steady upward trend. On the 25th day, nearly 50% of the dose had been released, and it had reached more than 90% of the total release on the 55th day. According to the statistics on the clinical efficacy of patients, it was found that the number of cured and effective patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group, while the number of ineffective cases was much lower than that of the control group. The dynamic enhanced CT examination results of the patients in the control group after treatment showed that the soft tissue mass on the posterior right side of the nasopharynx was reduced, but the pharyngeal suture still existed; while those in the observation group showed that the plain scan density was uniform, and the mastoid air cells were clear on both sides. The number of cases with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus), and Pasteurella multocida infections in the observation group were observably lower than those of the control group (P< 0.05), and it was the same case for the levels of serum IL-4, IL-8, and TNF-α. Conclusion: after dynamic enhanced CT scanning, it can be found that the nanomaterial-loaded CLA increased the utilization rate of the drug, showing good clinical efficacy, and effectively improved the clinical symptoms of patients, achieving the therapeutic effect.

PMID:35988194 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.7

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):24-33. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.4.

ABSTRACT

The study was to probe into the application of ultrasound technique in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and research the progress of PEG-PCL nano micelle and ultrasound technique.

METHOD: 210 patients with a singleton pregnancy fetus, who received the fetal echocardiography in Yuhang District First People’s Hospital from March 2019 to March 2020, were selected as the subjects, including 101 fetuses who were confirmed as gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), and 109 normal fetuses (control group). The ultrasound cardiogram technique was employed to detect the thickness of the fetus ventricle septum, mitral/tricuspid annular displacement, left/right TEI indexes, and so on. The mean value of three cardiac cycles was taken as the test results. Finally, SPSS17.0 software was applied to the analysis of data. The nano micelle was made from the amphiphilic block copolymers (PEG-PCL) using the dialysis method/solvent evaporation method. The nanoscale ultrasound contrast agent was prepared from Decafluoropentane which was imaging gas. The characterizations were studied using the optical microscope, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The temperature sensitivity and ultrasound sensitivity of the nano-ultrasound contrast agent were analyzed with the particle size as the evaluation index. The in-vitro ultrasound contrast experiment was conducted to study the contrast-enhanced effect.

RESULTS: The fetal Tei index of the case group was higher than that of the control group, of which P<0.05 had statistical significance. However, the thickness of the fetus ventricle septum, Em, Am, and Em/Am of mitral/tricuspid annular were not significantly different from those of the control group (P>0.05). The nano ultrasonic contrast agent prepared through the ultrasonic injection method had a uniform particle size and a hollow shell-core structure under an electron projection microscope. The particle size of the nano-ultrasound contrast agent varied with temperature, and its microbubbles were generated under ultrasonic conditions. As compared with the blank degassed water group, a real linear echo appeared inside the contrast agent group, with small and even echo spots. The back echo remained with no obvious attenuation and lasted for a longer period. However, the blank degassed group had no distinct echo intensity and spot.

CONCLUSION: PEG-PCL nano-ultrasound contrast agent achieved an excellent imaging effect; there was no obvious change to heart function and structure of the fetus, when gestational diabetes pregnant had blood sugar perfectly controlled, however, the fetus’s heart function may change in the last trimester.

PMID:35988192 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.4

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):239-246. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.27.

ABSTRACT

To explore the adoption effect of nano-silver medical antibacterial dressing in the perioperative treatment of patients with laryngeal cancer, 120 patients with early laryngeal cancer were selected as the research objects. According to the different treatments, they were averagely divided into the test group (laser vocal cord surgery under a laryngeal microscope and nano-silver medical antibacterial dressing) and the control group (laser vocal cord surgery under a laryngeal microscope and sterilized vaseline gauze). The results showed that there were considerable differences in dressing-change times, dressing-change cost, hospital stay, and recovery time between both groups (P<0.05). The number of mild pain cases in the test group was more than that in the control group at 1, 3, and 5 days after surgery, with statistically considerable differences (P<0.05). There were substantial differences in wound area between the two groups at 3 and 5 days after surgery, and the test group was larger than the control group (P<0.05). In the test group, 0 patients had postoperative reinfection, wound dehiscence, and wound hernia. In the control group, 3 patients had postoperative reinfection, 1 had wound dehiscence, and 1 had wound hernia. In summary, compared with traditional sterilized vaseline gauze, the nano-silver medical antibacterial dressing could reduce postoperative dressing pain and promote the recovery of wounds, thus shortening the hospital stay and improving the quality of life of patients after surgery.

PMID:35988188 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.27

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):247-257. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.28.

ABSTRACT

Among urolithiasis, urolithiasis is a more extensive and difficult to treat disease. In recent years, with the development of endoscopic equipment and related surgical methods, a new treatment, namely minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy, appears and is widely used in the treatment of renal calculi. It has been developed for more than 50 years since its appearance. Its advantages are a high stone clearance rate, small surgical trauma, fewer intraoperative and postoperative complications, and a short recovery time for postoperative patients. It is widely used in clinical treatment. The purpose of this paper is to study the potential risk factors of recurrence and the possibility of urinary tract infection in patients with renal calculi after minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) with calcified nanoparticles, so as to obtain correct nursing knowledge and reduce recurrence and infection. In order to explore the renal calculi caused by calcified nanoparticles (CNPs), we established a rat model of renal calculi, injected CNPs into rats, collected experimental samples after a specified time, and determined NGAL, OPN and MCP-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared them with the formation of crystallization. In the study of the possible influencing factors of septic shock after PCNL, we established a multivariate regression analysis and model, used statistical methods and professional statistical software, and used the method of classified data analysis to find out the influencing factors. After the experiment, we found that positive urine culture (P < 0.05) and preoperative urinary tract infection (P < 0.05) were significant influencing factors, and the total accuracy was 99.2%. At the same time, it is concluded that calcium nanoparticles can promote the retention, adhesion and aggregation of calcium salt crystals in the kidney, and then lead to the formation of stones.

PMID:35988174 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.28

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Mar 31;68(3):330-338. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.36.

ABSTRACT

This study was to explore the inhibitory effect of bromfenac sodium (BF) / chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) on corneal neovascularization (CNV). 45 New Zealand white rabbits provided by The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University were randomly divided into a control group (group A, n = 15), 0.1% BF aqueous solution treatment group (group B, n = 15), and 0.1% BF/CS-NPs suspension treatment group (group C, n = 15). A rabbit corneal alkali burn model was established. The average particle size of BF/CS-NPs with different BF concentrations was mainly 341.6 ± 12.9 nm – 548.7 ± 15.4 nm; and the Zeta potential distribution was 24.3 ± 2.5 mV – 35.7 ± 4.3 mV. When the initial concentration of BF was 1.5 mg/mL, the maximum drug loading was 57.35 ± 5.26%. The area of CNV in group C was significantly lower than that in groups B and A, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). At 6, 12, 18, and 24 days after surgery, the mRNA expression levels in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene were compared after standardized by β-actin; group A had the highest expression level, followed by group B, and group C had the lowest expression level, showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The BF/CS-NPs granules prepared in this study had stable physical and chemical properties and had a good sustained-release effect, and the release duration can be as long as 48 hours. BF/CS-NPs can inhibit the formation of CNV at different time points after alkali burn, and reduce the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in corneal tissue after alkali burn.

PMID:35988169 | DOI:10.14715/cmb/2022.68.3.36

Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Apr 30;56(2):405-416. doi: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/125573. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: According to some theoretical interpretations of the olfactory training effects, the training may indirectly exert positive influence on cognitive functioning in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia. The mechanism of action is stimulation of cerebral blood flow in areas of brain which are shared by olfactory and memory processes. The aim of this article is to verify a hypothesis that the olfactory training improves memory and attention functions in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

METHODS: Participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (N = 35; 17 males and 18 females) constituted their own control group. During the first 12 weeks from the baseline evaluation no therapeutic actions were performed. The subjects underwent control neuropsychological assessment and entered in the second stage of the study. In that stage they were subjected to a daily olfactory training, which included two a few-minute-long sessions per day, which were performed for the following 3 months. Subject’s memory functioning was measured at three time points: at the baseline, after 3 months and after 6 months (from the baseline). Cross-over assignment was used as the intervention method -which means that the participants constituted their own control group. The scales employed in the study to measure memory and attention were: ACE-III, CVLT, and MMSE.

RESULTS: Statistically significant improvement in memory functions measured with the CVLT, MMSE, ACE-III Memory, and ACE-III Total Score was obtained. It is considered an artefact related to practice effects, not true training results. Moreover, trend suggesting improvement on the ACE-III Attention was noted as well.

CONCLUSIONS: The authors review theoretical implications of the conducted study. Methodological challenges pertaining to the study design are discussed and future research directions are proposed.

PMID:35988083 | DOI:10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/125573

Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Apr 30;56(2):391-404. doi: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/125054. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The article presents the results of a research project on the evaluation of changes during the process of systemic family therapy in a clinical group comprising adolescent psychiatric patients.

METHODS: The evaluation was conducted using Polish version of the SCORE-15 tool. The analysis was performed on a sample of 109 families who completed the questionnaire before their first session. Before the fourth session, the questionnaire was filled in by 73 families; and after the last session it was completed by 28 families.

RESULTS: Consensual qualitative research method revealed changes in family’s description of the family as well as in description of the problem. Statistical analyses of the results of the SCORE-15 questionnaire identified significant changes between the first, fourth and the final session. Changes were identified in the SCORE Total as well as in the VAS scales. The RCI showed 5 improvements and 2 deteriorations after three sessions, and no deterioration and 13 improvements at final one.

CONCLUSIONS: Obtained results point to many significant changes in the researched areas after completion of the systemic family therapy by families. The research also indicated that a coherent qualitative analysis of the descriptive material can be highly informative and can enrich both the understanding of the therapeutic process as well as the manner of providing feedback about the changes in the therapy to families.

PMID:35988082 | DOI:10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/125054

Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Apr 30;56(2):309-321. doi: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/131532. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: A link between sexual functioning and depression has been reported. However, it is still unknown whether lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) coexist or correlate with sexual dysfunction (SD) in depressed individuals. Depressed patients represent a unique population because of a possible bidirectional relationship between SD and depression and between LUTS and depression. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate relationships between depression severity, SD and LUTS for patients with depression.

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data on depression, sexual functioning and LUTS from depressed patients who were treated in our department of adult psychiatry. Data were obtained from the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).

RESULTS: We included one hundred two patients diagnosed with, and treated for, depression. The participants reported a high overall prevalence of SD (60.8%), and SD correlated with depression severity. LUTS were also highly prevalent with 86% of the participants reporting at least mild LUTS severity. Despite coexistence of LUTS and SD in multiple patients, we did not find a statistically significant relationship between LUTS and SD in our cohort.

CONCLUSIONS: In our exclusive group of individuals diagnosed with, and treated for, depression, depression severity had a negative effect on sexual functioning. Although there was no statistically significant relationship between LUTS and SD, they coexisted in multiple patients. Therefore, LUTS and SD should still be systematically assessed in patients with depression.

PMID:35988077 | DOI:10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/131532