Nevin Manimala

Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jul 28:nqab251. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab251. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The 2019 Canada’s Food Guide recommends the consumption of lower fat dairy products to reduce saturated fat (SFA) intakes.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of such recommendation on SFA intake at a population level in Canada.

METHODS: Analyses were conducted based on dietary intakes from the nationally representative 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition (unweighted n = 20,103). Dietary intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recalls. Food-based substitution modeling analyses were conducted by replacing all regular-fat dairy products reported by an equal amount of a corresponding lower fat dairy product. Regular-fat dairy products included milks ≥2% fat, cheeses >25% fat, and yogurts ≥2% fat. Corresponding lower fat replacement products were 1% fat milks, 10-25% fat cheeses, and <2% fat yogurts. The National Cancer Institute method was used to account for within-person variation in dietary intakes.

RESULTS: Replacing all regular-fat dairy products consumed by Canadians (ages ≥2 y) by a corresponding lower fat product reduced the population’s SFA intake from 10.8% of total energy intake (%E; 95% CI: 10.7%, 11.0%) to 10.0%E (95% CI: 9.8%, 10.2%). This reduction was mostly attributable to the milk and cheese substitutions (mean SFA reductions of -0.3%E each). The proportion of the population with an SFA intake <10%E was 34.7% (95% CI: 31.2%, 38.2%) before substitution and 51.5% (95% CI: 47.5%, 55.5%) after substitution.

CONCLUSIONS: This food-based substitution modeling analysis suggests that SFA intakes at a population level are slightly reduced if all regular-fat dairy products consumed by Canadians were replaced by a lower fat dairy product. Approximately half of the population would still consume SFAs in excess of 10%E even if all regular-fat dairy consumed were replaced by lower fat dairy.

PMID:34320157 | DOI:10.1093/ajcn/nqab251

Rev Bras Enferm. 2021 Jul 26;74(6):e20210125. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0125. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of implementing the SafeCare clinical supervision model on nurses’ job satisfaction and emotional competence profile.

METHODS: This is a quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 28 nurses from a hospital in northern Portugal. A self-administered questionnaire was applied, used as pre and post-test, which included: sociodemographic and professional characterization; “Job Satisfaction Scale”; and “Veiga Emotional Competence Scale”. We conducted descriptive statistical analysis and the Wilcoxon Test.

RESULTS: A significant decrease in the nurses’ satisfaction with hierarchical superior was observed in the post-test. No significant differences were found in the nurses’ job satisfaction and emotional competence after the implementation of the SafeCare Model.

CONCLUSION: The SafeCare Model needs improvement, suggesting increasing the amount of training time administered to nurses and strengthening the healthcare institution’s link to the Model.

PMID:34320147 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0125

Rev Bras Enferm. 2021 Jul 26;74(6):e20210061. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0061. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors associated with sex without the use of condoms in consumers of sexually explicit media (SEM).

METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with a sample of 172 participants selected and collected through social media. To assess the predictors of unprotected sexual practices, the Poisson regression model was used. Values were expressed as a robust prevalence ratio (PR) with their respective confidence intervals.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant association between, the use of condoms and the type of scenes that the participants prefer (p = 0.03), the preference for films with scenes involving unprotected sex or even those that do not care about protection (p = 0.02), the type of pornography watched influencing sexual relations (p = 0.017), and the number of scenes seen per week (p = 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The lack of condom use was associated with the access to erotic scenes.

PMID:34320146 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0061

Rev Bras Enferm. 2021 Jul 26;74(6):e20210044. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0044. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relationship between exposure to workloads and presenteeism among nursing workers in the socio-environmental context of university hospitals.

METHOD: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional and analytical study with 355 nursing workers from two university hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were collected from November 2019 to February 2020. The Workload Scale in Nursing Activities and the Work Limitations Questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics, variance analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were used.

RESULTS: there was a significant correlation between chemical loads and time management; biological loads and time management, physical demand and productivity loss; physiological loads and mental and interpersonal demand, production demand and loss of productivity; psychological loads and production demand.

CONCLUSIONS: there is a relationship between workloads and nursing presenteeism, verified by limitations and loss of productivity.

PMID:34320145 | DOI:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0044

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2021 Jul 26;55:e03757. doi: 10.1590/S1980-220X2020019503757. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with diabetic foot risk in patients with diabetes mellitus assisted in Primary Care.

METHOD: Observational, analytic, and transversal study took place in Teresina, Piauí, with diabetic patients who are assisted in Primary Care. Data collection took place through interviews, foot clinical exams, and medical record analysis. We used the Mann-Whitney, Pearson’s Chi-square and multiple logistic regression statistics tests to analyze the data. The association power among categorical variables was measured by Odds Ratio .

RESULTS: 322 patients participated. Marital status with a partner presented a protection factor (p = 0.007). Risk factors for the development of the diabetic foot are: arterial hypertension (p = 0.045), obesity (p = 0.011), smoking (p = 0.027), not being submitted to follow ups (p = 0.046), inadequate control of capillary blood glucose (p < 0.001), indisposition to the care of the foot (p=0.014), and foot self-exam less frequently (p = 0.040).

CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic, clinical, and self-care aspects interfere in diabetic foot development, highlighting the necessity of effective follow up tracking and educational interventions for patients with diabetes mellitus in Primary Care.

PMID:34320142 | DOI:10.1590/S1980-220X2020019503757

Codas. 2021 Jul 23;33(5):e20200197. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20202020197. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze which method of judgment, auditory- perceptual (PAJ) of audios or perceptual-visual judgment (PVJ) (ultrasound images), is more sensitive to detect gradual productions between the class of deaf coronal fricatives and check if there is a correlation between these forms of judgment.

METHOD: Audio and video files of language ultrasound (LUS) related to the production of the words “frog” and “key”, of 11 children, between 6 and 12 years old, with atypical speech production, were selected from a bank data and edited for judgments. After instruction and prior training, 20 judges should choose, immediately upon presentation of the stimulus (auditory or visual), one of three options arranged on the computer screen. In PAJ the options were: correct, incorrect or gradient production, while in PVJ the options were images corresponding to the production of [s], [∫] or undifferentiated. The presentation time of the stimuli and the reaction time were automatically controlled by the PERCEVAL software.

RESULTS: PVJ provided a higher percentage of identification of gradient stimuli and a shorter reaction time in performing the task compared to PAJ, both statistically significant. Spearman’s correlation test did not show statistical significance between PAJ and PVJ responses, nor for reaction time.

CONCLUSION: PVJ using US images proved to be the most sensitive method for detecting gradient production in the production of fricatives [s] and [∫], and can be used as a complementary method to PAJ in speech analysis.

PMID:34320140 | DOI:10.1590/2317-1782/20202020197

Codas. 2021 Jul 23;33(5):e20200174. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20202020174. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify and correlate vocal fatigue and voice-related quality of life in university professors and verify possible differences between genders.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution under number 1,708,786. The Voice Fatigue Index (VFI) and the Voice Related Quality of Life (VRQOL) were applied to 126 university professors, 71 women and 55 men, with an average age of 43 years. Scores were calculated using the formula for each protocol and statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s Correlation.

RESULTS: Regarding the VFI, the average score found for factors 1, 2 and 3 were 13.78, 4.05 and 7.93, respectively. As for VRQOL, professors had an average global score of 91.90; 88.49 for the physical domain and 97.02 for the socioemotional domain. There was a negative weak to strong correlation between the protocols. There was no statistical difference between genders for both VFI and VRQOL.

CONCLUSION: University professors have good levels of voice related quality of life, but self-reported vocal fatigue, with no differences between genders. The lower the vocal fatigue is, the higher is the voice related quality of life, and vice versa.

PMID:34320139 | DOI:10.1590/2317-1782/20202020174

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Jul 1;22(7):2303-2310. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2303.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Women undergoing breast cancer treatment experience a number of changes, including loss or deformity of one or both breasts, surgical wounds, skin changes, and weight gain. These changes are very closely related to physical appearance and body image and often lead to reduced mental health, marital quality and psychological stress. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of Good Enough Sex (GES) model-based counseling intervention on the body image in women surviving breast cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was a kind of quantitative study with control group carried out on 100 women (50 women in the intervention group and 50 women in the control group) who randomly entered into the study after completing the informed consent form. The intervention included 4 sessions of 120-190 minute sexual counseling with 2 and 3 months follow-up. The data were collected consisting of demographic characteristics and disease-related information, Body Image Scale (BIS) and analyzed using ANOVA repeated measures.

RESULTS: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean of body image in the intervention and control groups (P <0.001).

CONCLUSION: The educational and counseling intervention program based on a socio-psychological model was effective in improving the body image among women surviving breast cancer. The inclusion of educational and counseling programs in service centers in this regard has an effective role in the reproductive health of women with breast cancer.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration of trial protocol has been approved in Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT20120609009975N8, https://en.irct.ir/trial/42030, ethical code; IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1396.4865).<br />.

PMID:34319056 | DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2303

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Jul 1;22(7):2279-2288. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2279.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Three molecular pathways are described as the genetic basis of colorectal tumorigenesis. Among these, microsatellite instability (MSI) has shown greatest promise in serving as a biomarker to determine disease aggression by tumour biology, recurrence, and response to chemotherapy.

METHODOLOGY: This prospective observational pilot study included patients of colorectal cancers, in a population subset coming to a tertiary care hospital in northern India, who were operated with curative or palliative intent over a period of one year and followed up for a maximum of 55 months. The post-operative pathological assessment was done for MSI status using PCR technique, and an attempt was made to evaluate its correlation with conventional clinical and histological parameters, early recurrences, disease-free survival and overall survival in comparison to MSS type tumours in sporadic cases of colorectal malignancies.

RESULTS: Out of 38 patients of colorectal cancer, 26 were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 7:6 (n=14:12). Mean age of presentation was 48±14.2 years. Incidence of MSI was n=4 (15.4%). On subgroup analysis, age of presentation (p=0.044) and evidence of perineural invasion (p=0.017) was found to have significant statistical association with MSI tumour biology. Recurrence was seen in seven of the seventeen patients who previously had no synchronous or metastatic disease (41.2%). The mean disease-free survival for MSS was 21.32 months and was 25.25 months for MSI group which was statistically insignificant (p = 0.277). Out of four MSI tumour biology patients one was alive and without recurrence at 47 months. While the other two were alive and without recurrence till 27 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Age and perineural invasion showed statistically significant association with MSI tumour biology. Due to the small sample size statistical significance was not established with site, recurrence rate, DFS and OS.

PMID:34319053 | DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2279

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Jul 1;22(7):2267-2272. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2267.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy arising within the bone marrow (BM), in which leukemic cells proliferate uncontrollably in association with a disruption of normal hematopoiesis.Aim of the work to evaluate the expression of LCN and BCL2L2, in newly diagnosed bone marrow samples from adult with AML and to correlate their expression levels with clinical and Laboratory data of the patients especially that known to have a prognostic feature.

METHODS: This study was carried out on 87 consecutive newly diagnosed adult AML patients of which 75 are evaluated for both LCN, BCL2L12 (All 87 are evaluated for LCN). In addition, 20 donors of matched age and sex healthy individuals from donors for bone marrow transplantation were included as a control group.

RESULTS: No statistical significant correlation was found between LCN over-expression and the control group , there was no statistical significance between its expression and age, sex, hepatomegally, splenomegally and lymphadenopathy, also there was no statistical significance regarding peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics or molecular findings and MRD at day 15.No statistical significance was found between BCL2L12 expression and the control group again there was no statistical significance between its expression and age, sex, hepatomegally, splenomegally and lymphadenopathy, also there was no statistical significance regarding peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics or molecular findings and MRD at day 15.

CONCLUSION: LCN and BCL2L12 were found to be expressed with non significant difference in AML as in normal subjects; however studies on large number of cases are needed to confirm our finding. The role of LCN and BCL2L12 need to be verified by further large-scale sample and further studies.<br />.

PMID:34319051 | DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.2267