Nevin Manimala

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1213-1218.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To clarify the importance of the need to involve medical professionals, as experts, in the conduction of the investigative actions during the pre-trial investigation of certain types of crimes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: This research is based on the general laws and categories of the Cognition theory and on the framework of materialistic dialectics; it uses a comprehensive approach to the study of the problems under consideration, applies systematic, statistical, historical, legal and comparative legal methods.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The need to use specialized medical knowledge depends not on a certain type of crime, but on the specific circumstances of the committed criminal offense. Based on theoretical and practical frameworks, the reasonable practical significance of using specialized medical knowledge during a pre-trial investigation expands and deepens the possibilities of procedural evidence, contributes to the rapid and complete crime disclosure, exposing the wrongdoers and making the right decisions in criminal proceedings.

PMID:34090293

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1200-1203.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The objective of the study was to analyze the frequency of Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2 -adrenoceptor (β2 -АR) gene in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and to assess the association of the polymorphism with BA risk.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: We examined 553 BA patients and 95 apparently healthy individuals. Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2 -АR gene (rs1042713) was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistical analysis of obtained results was performed using SPSS-17 program.

RESULTS: Results: It was established that distribution of Arg/Arg, Arg/Gly, and Gly/Gly genotypes for Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2 -АR gene was 44.2%, 40.0%, 15.8% in the control group vs. 31.3%; 45.7% and 23.0 among BA patients, respectively (χ2 = 6.59; р = 0.037). No significant difference was observed with regards to the distribution of genotypes for Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2 -АR gene in men and women controls (χ2 = 4.05; р = 0.13) and BA patients (χ2 = 4.34; р = 0.11). BA risk was 1.74 times higher in the minor allele carriers (Arg/Gly + Gly/Gly genotypes) for Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2 -АR gene.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Analysis of Arg16Gly polymorphic variants in the β2-AR gene showed a statistically significant difference in the distribution of Arg/Arg, Arg/Gly, and Gly/Gly genotypes in patients with BA and apparently healthy individuals due to the higher frequency of Arg/Arg genotype in controls and higher frequency of Gly/Gly genotype in patients with asthma. No difference with regard to gender was found in the distribution of genotypes.

PMID:34090290

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1196-1199.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is the analysis of chronic kidney disease risk in patients with arterial hypertension and coexistent hyperuricemia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods:We observed 40 patients with arterial hypertension and coexistent hyperuricemia (I group), 35 – with arterial hypertension (II group) and 30 practically healthy people (control). The duration of hypertension was 4,3 ± 2,31 years and 4,0 ± 2,11 years (p = 0,9247) for I and II group respectively, of hyperuricemia – 4,1 ± 0,35 years for I group. Categories of albuminuria (А1, А2, А3) and glomerular filtration rate (G1, G2, G3A, G3B, G4, G5) were determined in all observed patients. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, immunoassay, statistical (SPSS 21, Graph Pad) methods were used.

RESULTS: Results:The categories of albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate in patients from the I group demonstrated that A1G1 was confirmed in 3 persons, A1G2 – 5, A2G1 – 7, A2G2 – 20, A1G3A – 1, A1G3B – 1, A2G3A – 2, A2G3B – 1. Among patients from the II group category A1G1 was defined in 7, A1G2 – 2, A2G1 – 16, A2G2 – 10 persons. The percent of low chronic kidney disease risk was on 5,7 % higher in hypertensive persons comparable with comorbid persons. High and very high risk was confirmed in 10 % persons from I group and nobody from the ІІ group.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions:Chronic kidney disease risk is increased in patients with arterial hypertension and coexistent hyperuricemia. This indicates an association between elevated uric acid levels and chronic kidney disease progression.

PMID:34090289

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1174-1179.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The work was aimed to study the histological, morphometric and planimetric features of skin regeneration in mature rats with chronic hyperglycemia under the influence of platelet-rich plasma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 60 mature white laboratory rats were used. The animals were divided into three groups (I – control with mechanical skin injuries; II – rats with chronic hyperglycemia and modeled mechanical skin injuries; III – animals with the chronic hyperglycemia and modeled mechanical skin injuries which were injected with the platelet-rich plasma). The samples were studied using light microscopy.Statistical data processing was performed using SPSS-17.

RESULTS: Results: On the 21st day, the epithelialization of control mature rats wound was almost complete. The epithelium contained all layers without pathological changes. The new dermis has been reorganized into papillary and reticular layers. On the 21st day, the wound of rats with chronic hyperglycemia was not completely covered with the epidermis. The connective tissue of the dermis was disorganized. On the 21st day, the wound epithelialization was also more complete in mature rats with chronic hyperglycemia received platelet-rich plasma compared to the rats with chronic hyperglycemia. The dermis contained a large number of blood vessels with normal, full-blooded lumens.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The chronic hyperglycemia leads to disruption of epithelialization processes, angiogenesis, a delay in the reorganization of dermis connective tissue, and vascular remodeling. The injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma promote faster angiogenesis, reduce inflammation, and accelerate wound epithelialization.

PMID:34090286

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1164-1168.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Determination of the factors complications occurrence in prosthetics with metal-ceramic prostheses.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials andmethods: Clinical, cytological, cytochemical methods and methods of statistical processing of the received data are applied.

RESULTS: Results: A number of factors with different degrees of significance have been identified, which in the dynamics of clinical observations of the percentage of absorbed dispersion are decisive in the development of changes in the gums. At the stage of odontopreparation – the 1 factor, with the percentage of absorbed dispersion (12,3%) – preparation. The 2 factor – (11,9%) – traumatic. The 3 factor, periodontal, was slightly less significant (9,8%). In the dynamics of clinical observations for 45 days in the first place was the dissecting factor – (14%). The second most important factor was the vitality of the teeth – (11,5%). The 3 factor remained relatively stable – periodontal (8,5%). In the dynamics of clinical observations after 1 year, a redistribution of significance was noted. The largest percentage of absorbed dispersion covered periodontal factor – (15%). Vitality factor – (11%). Slightly lower, but clinically significant, of (8%) absorbed dispersion, was the preparation factor.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Statistical analysis of the studied parameters made it possible to determine the key factors for predicting their development and diagnostics, it is important for organizing an increase in the effectiveness of orthopedic prophylactic therapeutic measures at the stages of restoration of dental hard tissues.

PMID:34090284

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1142-1176.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to investigate the influence of sport classes on the psychophysical health of Ukrainian Armed Forces’ servicemen.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The level of servicemen’s health was estimated according to the professor Apanasenko’s methodology based on the anthropometric and functional indicators. In the research there were 120 cadets aged 18 to 22 from Odesa Military Academy. Methods of research: analysis of scientific works, medical and biological methods, experiment, statistics analysis.

RESULTS: Results: It was found out at the end of the experiment that the health level of the cadets who attended Crossfit classes is significantly higher than that of the cadets who studied according to the standard physical training program. The most profound effect was revealed on the functionality of the cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular systems, and the stabilization of body weight of cadets of experimental groups.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions:The results of the research show sufficiently high effectiveness of the Crossfit classes for the purpose of improving cadets’ psychophysical health during studying. High psychophysical health level formed during the Crossfit training increases longevity and resistance of the body to unfavourable factors of professional activity, reduces the risk of professional diseases and improves the efficiency of the official duties performance.

PMID:34090280

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1130-1133.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the odontoglific and odometometric parameters of molar crowns of the upper and lower jaws in males and females.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: To achieve the aim of the research was used odontoglyphic, odometometric and statistical methods of research.

RESULTS: Results: We have found that male molars of the upper jaw are characterized by approximately the same ratio between the vestibular-palatal and mesial-distal diameters of the crown, so the teeth are square-formed. For female large angular teeth of the upper jaw the predominance of vestibular-palatal over mesial-distal diameters of the crown is characteristic, which results in an oval form of the teeth. On having analyzed the forms of the third lower molars, it can be affirmed that for this group of teeth various variational forms of crowns, from three- to five-tuber forms, are characteristic. Vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal sizes also vary according to the type of odontoglific pattern of occlusal crown surface.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We consider it expedient to take into account the abovementioned characteristics of the masticatory surface of molars of the upper and lower jaws of male and female persons for the creation of qualitative orthopedic structures that would fully restore the masticatory function.

PMID:34090277

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1109-1113.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Developing integration training (educational) programs for medical and legal students, interns, masters, doctors.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Material and methods: When performing the work, on a set of search and analytical methods: analytical, bibliographic, systemic, informational, statistical; interdisciplinary interactive teaching methods for students of Sumy State University.

RESULTS: Results: The results of the integrated training course are the formation of a new style of interdisciplinary relations between participants of the educational process and practical medicine and jurisprudence; new educational environment; classes with multi – and transdisciplinary experts-consultants; development of personal attitudes, future professional contacts, and practical skills.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The introduction of new teaching methods using an interdisciplinary integrated approach increases the level of education quality (35.8% higher than the initial result) and conduct applied research in the field of public health, jurisprudence.

PMID:34090273

Wiad Lek. 2021;74(5):1057-1060.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of the study is to assess the quality of medical care and determine the relationship between treatment outcomes of patients and acute respiratory viral infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2,depending on patients` age, the time from onset of symptoms to hospitalization, and the presence of comorbidity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: According to the specially designed form, a retrospective analysis of primary accounting documents was carried out (f. No. 103/o) in 158 patients with COVID-19. The research was carried out in specialized inpatient infectious diseases wards of health institutions of the Sumy region during the period from April to September 2020. The study used a systemic approach, bibliosemantic, comparative and statistical analyses, logical generalization methods.

RESULTS: Results: Among the study group of patients, namely 158 people, a bigger number of women (56.33±3.95%) than men (43.67±3.95%) were recorded. Patients of working age (from 18 to 64 years old) took 70.89±3.61% of all patients, and people aged 65 years and older – 29.11±3.61%. The time from the beginning of symptoms to hospitalization in each second patient (49.37±3.98%) lasted 5-7 days. In most cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital equaled 13-15 bed-days – 32.28±3.72%. The index of patients with severe and critical state was 20.89±3.23% (33 patients). In 8.23±2.19% (13 people) of treated cases of hospital stay ended in death. A large index of patients with a severe course of the disease, the treatment of which ended in discharge, were in hospital for more than 13 bed days – 12.03±2.59% (19 people). All of these patients were older, had CNCDs (chronic non-communicable diseases), half of them were hospitalized on day 7 and later from the onset of symptoms.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In older people, the disease progresses faster and complications are developing more often. Also, the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 pattern and the length of staying in the hospital are affected by the time starting the onset of symptoms till hospitalization and the presence of CNCDs. The hereinafter data allows to increase knowledge about spreading of COVID-19, to improve the quality of organizational and preventive events in the provision of medical care, and reducing mortality.

PMID:34090263

Asian J Psychiatr. 2021 Jun 2;62:102711. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102711. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

AIM: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to critically examine the data from individual studies on CSF neurotransmitter metabolites to see whether there were consistencies in the results of the comparison of suicide attempters and psychiatric controls and of the comparison of attempted suicides using violent versus nonviolent methods.

METHOD: Systematic literature search across different electronic databases using PubMed/Google Scholar/EMBASE/Cochrane library was conducted for studies that reported concentration of CSF-neurotransmitter metabolites: 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylglycol (MHPG) in suicide attempters, from January’1981 to November’2020. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CIs) were deduced for outcome measures. I² statistics were used to assess heterogeneity within studies. Data were analyzed using STATA software.

RESULTS: A total of 36 studies (N = 1987 attempted suicide and N = 1235 psychiatry control) were included for the meta-analysis. We found CSF levels of all the 3 metabolites i.e. 5-HIAA (SMD= -0.43; 95 %CI: -0.61, -0.24), HVA (SMD= -0.16; 95 %CI: -0.33, -0.00) and MHPG (SMD= -0.33; 95 %CI: -0.71, -0.05) were lower in suicide attempters. While the findings were consistent for 5-HIAA, they were inconsistent for the HVA and MHPG. CSF levels of 5-HIAA (SMD= -0.66; 95 %; CI: -1.01, -0.31), HVA (SMD= -0.14; 95 %CI: -0.45, 0.16) and MHPG (SMD= -0.12; 95 %CI: -0.56, 0.31) were significantly lower in violent suicide attempters than non-violent attempters. No significant publication bias found in any study.

CONCLUSION: We found a significant association between lower levels of CSF 5-HIAA in suicide attempters, particularly the violent ones, compared to psychiatric controls, whereas findings from CSF HVA and MHPG were inconsistent.

PMID:34090249 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102711