Nevin Manimala

IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2025 Jun 5;19:117-123. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.06.003. eCollection 2025 Dec.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused widespread infection across global populations, characterized by its high transmissibility. Despite extensive research on the acute effects of COVID-19, the long-term psychological and neurological sequela remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to investigate cognitive function after COVID-19 infection compared to a control group of non-infected subjects.

METHODS: This case-control study included 40 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19, referred to Imam Reza Referral and Educational Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, and 40 matched controls who had not experienced COVID-19 symptoms. All participants underwent an initial screening by a psychiatric assistant to exclude significant medical and psychiatric conditions and any history of drug use. A demographic checklist was administered, followed by cognitive assessments using the Stroop Test, Digit Span Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Data were analysed using SPSS Version 20.

RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding age, sex, education level, marital status, or employment status (p > 0.05). However, COVID-19-infected individuals exhibited significantly longer completion times for the congruent Stroop test and increased reaction times compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, the duration for completing the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was significantly longer in the infected group compared to the non-infected group (p < 0.001). Although the longest digit span and scores on the Digit Span Test were lower in the infected group, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Furthermore, reaction times in the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) for the first, second, and third sets of 50 stimuli were significantly greater in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: This study underscores that cognitive performance post-COVID-19 is adversely affected, particularly in terms of processing speed and sustained attention, when compared to healthy individuals. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to explore potential interventions for cognitive rehabilitation in this population.

PMID:40600171 | PMC:PMC12209884 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.06.003

Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 17;13:1555141. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1555141. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a prevalent issue among healthcare professionals, particularly anesthesiologists, with significant repercussions for patient safety, personal well-being, and institutional efficiency. The post-COVID-19 era has introduced additional psychological and socioemotional stressors, which individuals perceive differently. This study aims to assess burnout levels among anesthesiologists in this era, explore its relationship with psychological status and job satisfaction, and propose potential intervention strategies.

METHODS: Four hundred electronic questionnaires were distributed to anesthesiologists licensed in 2024 with over 1 year of clinical experience. Three hundred twenty-six responses were collected, yielding an 81.5% response rate. The survey instruments included the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 Items (DASS-21), and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (MSQ-SF). Descriptive statistics and adjusted linear regression were employed to analyze the data and examine the relationships between burnout, psychological status, and job satisfaction.

RESULTS: The study revealed a high prevalence of burnout, with 30.67% of participants at high risk and 24.85% exhibiting burnout syndrome, resulting in an overall burnout rate of 55.52%. Demographic factors were significantly associated with burnout (p < 0.05). Anesthesiologists aged 30-34 reported higher levels of anxiety and depression, while those aged over 35 showed lower levels of depersonalization and higher personal accomplishment (p < 0.001). Job satisfaction was inversely correlated with burnout (p < 0.001). Psychological status was positively correlated with burnout (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis explained 55.00% of the variance in burnout, with anxiety, stress, and intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction as significant predictors (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Burnout is widespread among anesthesiologists in the post-COVID-19 era, with burnout levels strongly associated with mental health and job satisfaction. Increased negative emotions and reduced job satisfaction contribute to higher burnout. Addressing the well-being of anesthesiologists, fostering a supportive work environment, and improving compensation mechanisms could alleviate burnout and enhance the quality of medical practice.

PMID:40600159 | PMC:PMC12209194 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1555141

Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 17;13:1618292. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1618292. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors (KAP) regarding avian influenza among poultry farmers living near migratory bird habitats in Guidong County, China, and to identify determinants of these practices using structural equation modeling.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in July 2021 among 221 poultry farmers from three towns adjacent to migratory bird habitats. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on KAP related to avian influenza. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze KAP levels. A structural equation model was developed with AMOS 24.0 to examine the relationships among knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.

RESULTS: The overall mean KAP score was 32.97 ± 7.95 (51.5%) of maximum possible score, indicating suboptimal levels. In the fitted model, knowledge exerted both a direct effect on preventive behaviors (standardized path coefficient = 0.183) and an indirect effect mediated through attitudes (0.056). Attitude additionally influenced behavior directly (0.181). Goodness-of-fit indices confirmed robust model fit.

CONCLUSION: Study findings indicate that poultry farmers living near migratory bird habitats in Guidong County demonstrate insufficient avian influenza-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Targeted health education that enhances accurate knowledge and fosters positive attitudes is critical to strengthening preventive behaviors and mitigating transmission risk.

PMID:40600158 | PMC:PMC12209370 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1618292

Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 17;13:1599274. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1599274. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In recent years, Shaoxing City, located in central Zhejiang Province, has experienced a slow decline in the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Therefore, there is an urgent need to elucidate the potential causes for this decline through spatiotemporal analyses to provide a scientific basis for targeted prevention and control. We aimed to explore the spatiotemporal distribution of PTB notification rates in Shaoxing City from 2016 to 2024 and identify high-incidence clusters, thereby offering data-driven insights to optimize regional PTB control strategies.

METHODS: Statistical analyses were conducted using R and Excel on all reported active PTB cases in Shaoxing City. Spatiotemporal analysis of case distribution and regional clustering was conducted using ArcGIS and SatScan.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In total, 17,298 active PTB cases were registered between 2016 and 2024, including 9,749 laboratory-confirmed and 7,549 clinically diagnosed cases. The male-to-female ratio was 2.34:1. Farmers represented 68.2% of all cases. The PTB notification incidence showed a gradual decline. Spatial autocorrelation results revealed 52 sub-districts with high-high clusters over the nine-year period, primarily in Shengzhou and Xinchang counties. Spatiotemporal scan analysis identified one primary cluster area (RR = 1.62, LLR = 170.87, p < 0.001) and two secondary clusters between 2016 and 2024. The incidence of PTB in Shaoxing City showed a downward trend, though the decline was relatively slow. The southeastern region should be prioritized in efforts to accelerate the End TB Strategy. Overall, comprehensive and intensive interventions, such as large-scale chest X-ray screening and health education programs, should be enhanced to effectively curb PTB transmission, especially among males and farmers.

PMID:40600152 | PMC:PMC12209324 | DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1599274

Video J Sports Med. 2025 Jun 26;5(3):26350254241303767. doi: 10.1177/26350254241303767. eCollection 2025 May-Jun.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Damage to the joint surface, which affects articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone, is a common cause for significant knee pain and disfunction. The use of CartiHeal Agili-C, a cell-free aragonite-based implant, is an emerging option for patients who may otherwise be a poor candidate for allograft transplantation or within geographic areas where there is a limited availability of donor tissue.

INDICATIONS: The CartiHeal Agili-C implant is indicated for patients with an International Cartilage Repair Society grade III or IV lesion with a total treatable area of 1 to 7 cm² and without severe osteoarthritis.

TECHNIQUE DESCRIPTION: Standard parapatellar arthrotomy is performed to reveal an osteochondral defect of the femoral condyle. The cell-free aragonite-based scaffold is then transplanted in 7 steps according to numbered instrumentation in the Agili-C toolset. Surgical pearls of placement include proper alignment of the perpendicular aligner tool with circumferential viewing, assistant confirmation, and arthroscopic verification; avoiding wobbling during the shaping phase of the procedure as this may cause an oblong socket with inadequate fixation; and handling the implant with care and only using a thumb or index finger to insert with light tapping.

RESULTS: A multicenter randomized control trial followed 251 patients and found 88.5% of the implant group had at least 75% lesion fill as seen on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging at a 2-year follow-up. Additionally, patient-reported outcome measures were statistically superior when compared to controls at 24 months.

CONCLUSION: Transplantation of a cell-free aragonite-based scaffold (Aglili-C; CartiHeal Ltd), augmented with bone marrow aspirate concentrate, provides an efficient, reproducible surgical strategy in the management of osteochondral defects of the femoral condyles.

PATIENT CONSENT DISCLOSURE STATEMENT: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.

PMID:40600149 | PMC:PMC12210379 | DOI:10.1177/26350254241303767

Front Microbiol. 2025 Jun 17;16:1529512. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1529512. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

In aquatic ecosystems, bacteria often reside on the surface or in the gut of zooplankton to play an indispensable role. Salinity is a key factor influencing the structure and functional composition of aquatic bacterial communities; however, its impact on zooplankton-associated bacteria (ZA) remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a study using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to investigate the ZA of the cladoceran Moina mongolica from lakes in the Inner Mongolian Plateau with different salinity groups (Low salinity: 2‰-3‰, High salinity: 17‰). By annotating the sequencing data, we identified the community structure of ZA, and we used the FAPROTAX database to infer their functional potential. Statistical analyses revealed that salinity is a significant environmental factor shaping the community structure and inferred functional composition of ZA. Higher salinity reduced the diversity and abundance of ZA, which, in turn, affected the biochemical functions contributed by these bacteria. Our results suggest that under salinity stress, the community structure and inferred functional composition of zooplankton-associated bacteria are affected, which may influence the ecological role of zooplankton in saline lakes. This study provides new insights into the ecological functions of zooplankton in saline lakes under the context of climate change and human activity.

PMID:40600139 | PMC:PMC12209351 | DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1529512

J Hematop. 2025 Jul 1;18(1):28. doi: 10.1007/s12308-025-00643-9.

ABSTRACT

Given its strong correlation with disease progression and risk stratification, CD200 has emerged as a pivotal biomarker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Elevated CD200 expression, strongly linked to CLL progression, underscores its diagnostic and therapeutic potential. In this case-control study, we evaluated CD200 expression levels in CLL patients and analyzed their correlation with key clinicopathological features, investigating its potential as a critical biomarker for diagnosis and follow-up strategies. Peripheral blood samples from 27 CLL patients and five healthy individuals were stained by fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies against CD19 and CD200 markers, followed by flow cytometry. Data analysis compared CD200 expression levels among CLL patients at four stages and in the healthy control group. CD200 expression levels in CLL patients’ lymphocytes significantly exceeded those observed in the healthy control group (P < 0.0001). Within the patient group, expression levels progressively increased from low-risk to high-risk classifications, with statistically significant differences between each category (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, a strong positive association was identified between CD200 expression and disease clinical stage (r = 0.758, P < 0.0001), WBC count (r = 0.705, P < 0.0001), and lymphocyte percentage (r = 0.544, P = 0.009). Conversely, a strong inverse correlation was observed with neutrophil count (r = – 0.55, P = 0.008). Overall, CD200 assessment may serve as a valuable prognostic marker in CLL, providing insight into disease progression and aiding in treatment monitoring.

PMID:40593283 | DOI:10.1007/s12308-025-00643-9

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23107. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07621-2.

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the yield stability and adaptability of sixteen open-pollinated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) genotypes across multiple environments in the Kashmir Valley, employing Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis to examine genotype-environment interactions (GEI). A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was implemented at six locations over two years, representing the region’s diverse environmental conditions. Analysis of variance indicated that the effects of environment (E), genotype (G), and GEI were all highly significant (p < 0.001) in influencing yield per hectare, with the environment contributing 47.5% of the total variation, underscoring the impact of local conditions on performance. Key stability indicators, including Weighted Average of Absolute Scores (WAAS) and Multi-Trait Stability Index (MTSI), assessed genotype stability and yield, with Arka Meghali and NDF-9 emerging as top-performing varieties across locations. Arka Meghali achieved the highest yield, while NDF-9 showed remarkable adaptability. The consistent rankings provided by stability indices reinforced the reliability of WAAS and MTSI as selection tools in multi-environment trials. Based on multi-environment stability analysis, Arka Meghali and NDF-9 were identified as superior open-pollinated tomato genotypes combining high yield and stability across diverse environments. These varieties are recommended for cultivation in the Kashmir Valley to enhance tomato productivity under variable agro-climatic conditions.These findings underscore the utility of GEI analysis in identifying tomato genotypes with robust yield and stability, providing valuable insights for breeding programs and crop management in ecologically sensitive regions like the Northern Himalayas. This research establishes a foundation for future studies on environmental adaptability in crop improvement, highlighting the potential of selected genotypes for sustainable cultivation in Kashmir.

PMID:40593274 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-07621-2

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21909. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07988-2.

ABSTRACT

This study proposes a novel hypothesis exploring the potential relationship between magnetite nanoparticle sizes in the human brain and neural oscillation frequencies. Magnetite, a naturally occurring magnetic material found in brain tissue, has been the subject of increasing scientific interest due to its potential role in brain function and its possible link to neurodegenerative diseases. Concurrently, neural oscillations are known to play crucial roles in various cognitive processes. Our theoretical model, grounded in Néel’s theory of superparamagnetism and principles of electromagnetism, suggests a direct physical relationship between specific magnetite grain sizes (19-24 nm) and a wide range of neural oscillation frequency bands (1-1000 Hz). Using computational simulations and statistical analyses, we investigated how the magnetic properties of these nanoparticles might interact with or influence neural activity. Our calculations show that magnetite particles within this size range have magnetic moment fluctuation frequencies that span the range of known neural oscillations, with larger particles corresponding to lower frequencies and smaller particles to higher frequencies, following Néel’s relaxation equation. This relationship encompasses the entire spectrum of known neural oscillations, from delta waves to high-frequency oscillations. Of particular interest, we found that magnetite particles within this size range could potentially interact with the 50-60 Hz frequencies of power grid systems, raising intriguing questions about potential interactions between environmental electromagnetic fields and endogenous brain activity. These results suggest potential size-dependent interactions between magnetite particles and neural oscillations, with implications for understanding brain function, aging processes, and the impact of environmental electromagnetic fields. This work provides a theoretical approach for future experimental studies and may offer new perspectives on the complex dynamics of brain physiology and pathology.

PMID:40593272 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-07988-2

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22972. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07453-0.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding of C-Type Natriuretic (CNP) to the in vitro culture medium of bovine embryos on cryotolerability through modulation of lipid content and profile, as well as modulation of gene transcripts linked to embryonic metabolism. Initially, a concentration of 400 nM of CNP was used throughout the in vitro culture and blastocysts were collected for lipid content analysis by Sudan Black B. In addition, blastocysts were selected by morphological quality and developmental stage, and the samples collected were analyzed using MRM- profiling. After, blastocysts were vitrified using OPS. Subsequently the warming, hatched blastocysts were collected and evaluated for transcript abundance in a microfluidic platform. Differences of probabilities lower than P < 0.05, and/or fold change ˃1.5 were considered significant. The CNP group presented a reduction in the relative abundance of ions belonging to different lipid subclasses, such as acylcarnitine, sphingomyelin, cholesteryl esters, free fatty acids, and glycerophospholipid. Furthermore, the triacylglycerol lipids TG 52:3 NL 16:1, TG 56:3 NL 18:1, and the glycerophospholipid C22:6, were increased in the CNP group. A modulation of blastocyst transcripts was also observed by increased transcription of ATF4, and a trend statistical significance of BMP15 and GFPT2 transcripts. There was no difference in blastocyst development rates after warming of CNP-treated embryos.

PMID:40593265 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-07453-0