Nevin Manimala

Mayo Clin Proc Digit Health. 2025 Apr 16;3(2):100222. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpdig.2025.100222. eCollection 2025 Jun.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, efficiency, and usability of the current iteration of the fully automatic Academic Information Manager (AIM) within the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine.

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: AIM was designed, developed, and deployed to address the growing need for digital information management in academic research. In a randomized, unblinded crossover study from April 1, 2020 to August 1, 2020, 15 participants completed 8 tasks using both AIM and conventional information retrieval methods. We assessed task completion time (efficiency), task completion status and accuracy (efficacy), subjective mental workload using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), and system usability using System Usability Scale questionnaire, with and without AIM.

RESULTS: Using AIM resulted in a significant time saving, with significantly higher task completion (99% vs 57%) and accuracy (99% vs 59%) compared with conventional methods. The NASA-TLX scores with AIM showed a statistically significant decrease in mental demand, temporal demand, effort, and frustration, along with an increase in performance, compared with those without AIM. The System Usability Scale score for AIM was above the 90th percentile.

CONCLUSION: Using AIM, we observed a significant increase in efficacy and efficiency, along with a decreased mental workload, as measured by NASA-TLX, and improved usability scores. Implementing AIM will help new investigators quickly and intuitively identify ongoing research at our institution. It will also enable them to broadcast their research interests to find potential collaborators.

PMID:40568607 | PMC:PMC12190904 | DOI:10.1016/j.mcpdig.2025.100222

Front Immunol. 2025 Jun 11;16:1556259. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1556259. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral blood immune cell profiles of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are still unclear under different disease states and after B cell depletion therapy. Moreover, NMOSD is often confused with multiple sclerosis (MS) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD). The study aims to illustrate peripheral blood immune cell profiles of NMOSD under different disease states, after B cell depletion therapy, and compared with MS and MOGAD.

METHODS: This study included 76 NMOSD patients, 20 MS patients, and 12 MOGAD patients in the acute phase, along with 37 controls whose sex and age were matched with NMOSD patients. Forty-two of 76 patients with acute NMOSD were followed in remission, of whom 13, 15, and 11 patients received rituximab treatment, inebilizumab treatment, or conventional immunosuppressive therapies alone, respectively. The levels of diverse peripheral blood immune cells were measured by blood routine examination and flow cytometry. Distinctions among groups were analyzed using statistical methods.

RESULTS: Compared with controls and NMOSD patients in remission, there was an elevation in the levels of neutrophils, platelets, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammation index in acute NMOSD patients, while a decline was observed in the levels of lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio. NMOSD had increased levels of platelets and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and decreased levels of eosinophils, basophils, CD4/CD8 ratio, and CD3+CD4+ T cells compared with MS. NMOSD had decreased levels of eosinophils, basophils, and CD19+ B cells, along with elevated platelet/lymphocyte ratio compared with MOGAD. After rituximab treatment, not only did CD19+ B cell level decrease, but eosinophil counts also increased. After inebilizumab treatment, not only did CD19+ B cell level decrease, but also the ratios of CD3+ T cells and CD3+CD8+ T cells increased. The quantity and ratios of eosinophils in rituximab group surpassed those in inebilizumab group.

DISCUSSION: Peripheral blood immune cell profiles of acute NMOSD patients showed widespread distinctions compared to those of remission NMOSD patients, acute MS patients, acute MOGAD patients, and controls, as well as after differential therapies. Our findings provide clues to comprehensively understand the abnormality of the dynamic and integrated immune network in NMOSD, distinguish NMOSD from MS and MOGAD, and search for more effective and safe therapeutic targets.

PMID:40568579 | PMC:PMC12187656 | DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1556259

R Soc Open Sci. 2025 Jun 25;12(6):242001. doi: 10.1098/rsos.242001. eCollection 2025 Jun.

ABSTRACT

We present a scoping review of methodological papers in the social science literature covered in Scopus from 2017 to 2022. In this review, we document the shared norms, ideals and practices regarding the quality of qualitative research methodology. More specifically, we examined the regularly proposed idea that qualitative methodology is so diverse that it is unfeasible to establish shared quality standards. Coding of 111 articles yielded 17 categories that relate to key topics discussed in publications on research quality in qualitative research, such as the quality of the research process, integrity, reflexivity, ethics and transparency. These codes reflect both established ideals and new developments. We conclude that articles in our sample have many shared values in common, but that these values at this point do not yet translate into shared research practices or a common core for quality evaluation.

PMID:40568558 | PMC:PMC12187396 | DOI:10.1098/rsos.242001

J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2025 Mar 25;12(1):231-237. doi: 10.5455/javar.2025.l890. eCollection 2025 Mar.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the effects of 2 mT static magnetic field (SMF) exposure for 1 h on the expression of Stim1 and Itpr3 genes in hepatic cells of obese mice. By examining these critical regulators of calcium (Ca²⁺) signaling and cellular metabolism, the research aims to elucidate the role of SMF in modulating molecular pathways essential for Ca²⁺ homeostasis and metabolic regulation in the context of obesity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Liver samples were obtained from C57BL/6J mice and preserved in RNALater. The samples were divided into two main groups: the control group, which received a standard diet, and the obese group, which was exposed to a high-fat diet. Furthermore, the obese group was stratified based on the duration of SMF exposure, including intervals of 0, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days (1 h per day with an intensity of Bmax = 2 mT). Statistical tests were conducted with a significance level of p < 0.05.

RESULTS: The research findings highlighted a noteworthy increase in the relative expression of Stim1 and Itpr3 among obese mice exposed to SMF for 7 days (obe7) and those exposed for 14 days (obe14) in comparison to the obese group without SMF exposure. Both the obe7 and obe14 groups exhibited no significant difference in relative Stim1 expression when compared to the non-obese group. However, in terms of Itpr3 expression, the obe14 group did not show a significant difference from the non-obese mouse group. The results of the correlation analysis unveiled a substantial and robust correlation between the relative expression of Stim1 and Itpm3 (r = 0.627, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a potential link between SMF exposure, the expression of Ca²⁺ regulatory genes, and the intricate pathways involved in obesity-related molecular responses.

PMID:40568493 | PMC:PMC12186778 | DOI:10.5455/javar.2025.l890

Front Clin Diabetes Healthc. 2025 Jun 11;6:1573805. doi: 10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1573805. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications continues to rise, understanding the factors that influence glycemic control is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to explore the roles of self-management, social support, and self-efficacy in moderating fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS: A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Windhoek, Namibia with a sample size of 315 T2DM patients receiving follow-up care. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between self-management and FBG. Linear regression and moderation analyses were used to determine the moderating effects.

RESULTS: The study revealed 34.3% engaged in self-monitoring of FBG, while medication adherence was high at an average of 7 days. A significant negative correlation between self-management practices and FBG levels was identified (r = -0.349, p < 0.028). Self-management, self-efficacy, and social support accounted for 43.1% of FBG variation, with self-management emerging as a significant predictor (β = -0.903, p < 0.001). Additionally, social support and self-efficacy significantly moderated the relationship between self-management and FBG levels.

CONCLUSION: This study showed the significant moderating roles of social support and self-efficacy in the relationship between self-management practices and FBG levels in patients with diabetes. These results highlight the importance of comprehensive diabetes management programs focusing on individual behavioral changes, enhancing social support networks, and boosting self-efficacy.

PMID:40568473 | PMC:PMC12187595 | DOI:10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1573805

Front Physiol. 2025 Jun 11;16:1617104. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1617104. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The concept of core strength refers to the ability of the core muscles to transfer, absorb and re-direct energy, and generate force/torque while providing proximal stability for distal mobility of the limbs. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of an 8-week heavy-resistance core strength training (HR-CST) program on upper-body strength and power performance in young athletes. The secondary aim was to examine the role of sport-specific training background (kayak sprinters vs. swimmers) and sex (males vs. females).

METHODS: Eighteen national-level junior athletes (age: 17.1 ± 1.1 years, body height: 178 ± 7.8 cm, body mass: 70.2 ± 10.4 kg, 12 males, 6 females) competing in kayak sprint (n = 6) and swimming (n = 12) volunteered to participate. During the 8-week intervention period, half (i.e., 45 min) of the regular strength training program was replaced with HR-CST. Pre and post intervention, upper-body strength and power (i.e., maximal isokinetic stroke force [MIF] and power [MIP]) were tested by means of a maximal stroke test using a paddle ergometer. Additionally, peak (PP₂₀) and average power (AP₂₀) was determined in a 20-s all-out stroke test.

RESULTS: Paired sample t-tests indicated that PP₂₀ and AP₂₀ were significantly improved by 12.8% (p < 0.001, ES = 0.30) and 11.9% (p < 0.001, ES = 0.28), respectively, following HR-CST. No statistical changes were observed in MIF and MIP (p > 0.05, 0.19 ≤ ES ≤ 0.63).

CONCLUSION: 8 weeks of HR-CST appears to be an effective means to improve upper-body strength and power performance in national-level junior kayak sprinters and swimmers. Our results suggest that a dynamic high-intensity core strength-training is a viable option for improving their performance in a periodized pre-season program and should be considered.

PMID:40568469 | PMC:PMC12187601 | DOI:10.3389/fphys.2025.1617104

Thorac Cancer. 2025 Jun;16(12):e70116. doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.70116.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Repeated anatomical pulmonary resections in second primary nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pose significant challenges due to prior surgery. This study evaluates the feasibility and short-term outcomes of repeated anatomical pulmonary resections for second primary NSCLC.

METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive cases of repeated anatomical pulmonary resections for second primary NSCLC performed in our institution from January 2014 to December 2023.

RESULTS: A total of 55 patients (median age 68 years; interquartile range [IQR]: 61.5-72) underwent repeated anatomical pulmonary resections for second primary NSCLC. Adenocarcinoma predominated in both primary (78.2%) and secondary (76.4%) cases. Video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) approach was used in 94.5% and 96.4% for first and repeated resection, respectively (p = 0.647). The extent of pulmonary resection differed between first and repeated resection, with a predominance of lobectomy during first resection (56.4%) and segmentectomy during repeated resection (85.5%, p < 0.001). We did not observe any significant difference in postoperative overall morbidity after first and repeated resection (23.6% vs. 40%, p = 0.065). However, there was an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (16.4% vs. 0%) and prolonged air leak (> 5 days) after repeated resection (25.5% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.008). The median length of hospital stay was similar after first and repeated resection (5 vs. 5 days, p = 0.089). The three-year overall survival (OS) was 73% after first resection and 87% after repeated resection. Overall disease recurrence rate was not statistically different between first and repeated resection (1.8% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.558).

CONCLUSION: Our series demonstrated that second primary NSCLC can be safely managed by VATS segmentectomy, yielding favorable short-term survival and low recurrence rates.

PMID:40563142 | DOI:10.1111/1759-7714.70116

Ren Fail. 2025 Dec;47(1):2520903. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2025.2520903. Epub 2025 Jun 25.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations of single and mixed exposure to the environmental pollutants per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with renal function and mortality in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

METHODS: Non-dialysis CKD1-4 stage patients in the 2003-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were ≥20 years old were included. Five PFAS were measured and all patients were followed up till 31 December 2019. Multivariate linear, logistic, and Cox regressions were used to evaluate the associations between PFAS exposure and renal function, mortality. Stratified subgroups were analyzed based on baseline characteristics. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used in sensitivity analysis.

RESULTS: Among 1503 CKD patients included, baseline renal function declined in 701 patients (44.4%) and 462 patients (24.9%) died during the follow-up. Single exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) was positively associated with renal function decline (p < .05). Mixed exposure to five kinds of PFAS was found to be associated with renal function decline. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) showed only PFOS had an inverted U-shaped association with renal function decline (p non-linear < .05). There was no statistically significant association between PFAS exposure and mortality. Urinary protein and drug use might interact with the associations between PFAS and renal function.

CONCLUSIONS: PFAS single and mixed exposure were closely related to renal function and renal progression in adult CKD patients. There was no statistically significant association between PFAS exposure and mortality.

PMID:40563132 | DOI:10.1080/0886022X.2025.2520903

BMC Public Health. 2025 Jun 25;25(1):2170. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23526-1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health issue in Egypt. Health literacy (HL) is a modifiable factor influencing diabetes risk (DR), but the pathways through which HL impacts diabetes risk remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect pathways linking HL to DR in a non-diabetic population.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to August 2023 among employees in the administrative sectors of 16 faculties at Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. Each faculty was treated as a cluster for sampling. Eligible participants were those without a diagnosis of T2DM. Exclusion criteria included use of antidiabetic medications, cancer diagnosis, long-term corticosteroid or immunosuppressant use, or pregnancy. Sample size from each sector was determined proportionally based on the number of eligible employees, and participants were randomly selected from a coded list. Data were collected via structured face-to-face interviews using validated tools to assess HL, self-efficacy (SE), diabetes knowledge (DK), preventive health behaviors (PHB), and DR, measured by the ARABRISK score. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlations, non-parametric tests, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SAS PROC CALIS to assess direct and indirect pathways from HL to DR, controlling for significant covariates.

RESULTS: Of the participants, 59.4% had inadequate/problematic HL, and 54.8% had moderate-to-high DR. HL was positively correlated with DK (r = 0.275), SE (r = 0.379), and PHB (r = 0.514) and negatively correlated with DR (r=-0.542), all with p-values < 0.001. The strongest negative correlation was between PHB and DR (r=-0.957). SEM revealed a weak but significant direct effect of HL on DR (β= – 0.05108, p < 0.001). The most substantial indirect effect was observed through PHB (β= – 0.93663, p < 0.001). Additional indirect pathways through DK and SE also emerged, although SE had no significant effect on PHB.

CONCLUSIONS: HL reduces DR primarily through its effect on PHB. While DK and SE contribute, their effects are less pronounced. Interventions that enhance HL and support healthy behaviors may help prevent T2DM in at-risk populations. Future research should use longitudinal designs, diabetes-specific HL tools, objective risk measures; explore psychosocial mediators; and study diverse populations.

PMID:40563120 | DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-23526-1

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2025 Jun 25;14(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s13756-025-01594-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. As human behaviour plays a crucial role in the emergence and spread of resistance, data on the understanding of AMR awareness are very important for assessing the situation and developing effective interventions. The aim of this study was to analyse the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to antibiotics and awareness towards antibiotic resistance among community members in two districts in Ghana, and Burkina Faso.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data on socio-demographic, economic factors, and KAP. In Burkina Faso a simple randomization was carried out, whereas in Ghana we performed a double-stage randomization. The data was collected using an electronic data capture between February and March 2023 in Ghana, and from July to November 2023 in Burkina Faso. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, and logistic regressions.

RESULTS: A total of 1,114 participants in Ghana and 1,011 in Burkina Faso were included. The majority knew the term “Antibiotic” (Ghana: n = 687, 61.67%; Burkina Faso: n = 767, 75.87%), but only a minority were aware of AMR (Ghana: n = 381, 34.2%; Burkina Faso: n = 270, 26.71%). In both countries, participants had a middle level of knowledge about antibiotics (Ghana: n = 597; 53.59%, Burkina Faso: n = 502, 49.65%), positive attitudes towards antibiotic utilization (Ghana: n = 702, 63.02%; Burkina Faso: n = 510, 50.45%), and most of them reported a responsible use of antibiotics (Ghana: n = 875, 78.55%; Burkina Faso: n = 713, 70.52%).

CONCLUSIONS: Despite familiarity with antibiotics, self-reported responsible use did not align with actual observed behaviours in both countries. Additionally, a significant lack of awareness about AMR highlights the need for a targeted educational intervention to enhance understanding of its risks and increase appropriate practices.

PMID:40563117 | DOI:10.1186/s13756-025-01594-7